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In this paper, the historical development of the construction disponerse a + INF is analyzed, as a carrier of an aspectual value of imminence. Specifically, those lexical-grammatical criteria that allow observing the process of grammaticalization and constructionalization of the scheme are explored. In addition, the semantic expansion from the imminent value to the inchoative and causative value is studied. Throughout the paper, contrasts are made with the diachronic trajectory of poner(se), since this form has exerted an analogical influence on disponer(se). From a theoretical perspective, it interacts with the model of grammaticalization and with the constructions grammar applied to the historical study of verbal periphrasis. At the methodological level, the research is based on the elaboration of a database with the integral registry of the examples from CORDE, which allows projecting quantitative as well as qualitative linguistic analyzes. As a result, the grade of grammaticalization and constructionalization of the item is described, the chronology of its imminence, inchoative and causative values are explored, and the proximity of the construction with the paradigm of aspectual verbal periphrasis is reflected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China the nominal addresses are common elements in the personal interaction. 老 /lao/, 大/da/ and 小/xiao/, indicators of the age of the people, are used to form titles of professions, posts and social status, which have to do with their special signification in the Chinese culture. On the other hand, they are used, with the kinship names and family names, to denote and connote different interpersonal relations, because they are expressions filled with feelings. This paper explores their semantic and pragmatic characteristics with a presentation of the nominal addresses formed with 老/lao/, 大/da/ and 小/xiao/ and their translation into Spanish in La fortaleza asediada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper is based on the translative research of the original version, written in English, of the novels The Handmaid’s Tale (Margaret Atwood) and Never Let Me go (Kazuo Ishiguro), in addition to the short-story Story of Your Life (Ted Chiang), and of the available target texts published in Spain (El cuento de la criada, trans. by Elsa Mateo Blanco; Nunca me abandones, trans. by Jesús Zulaika, and La historia de tu vida, trans. by Luis G. Prado), for which we will examine the fictional lexico-semantic content composed by the authors to build their universes and its reflection in the Spanish language (peninsular variety), with the aim of developing translation strategies for the neologisms of a fictional universe based mainly on lexicality, as it is the one of Ribofunk, by Paul di Filippo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has two intertwined objectives that are consistent with the overall goal of using an interface grammar to describe different contrasts among languages. The first one is to describe the internal structure of the English resultative construction or KR, to characterize a representative sample of the KR subtypes and to render explicit the syntax-semantics interface conditions that make it possible. KR is a Macroevent that fuses two Events--an Activity and an Event proper--in the temporal sequence of a 'causal course of Events' so that this Event is the Result of the Activity. In order to reach this characterization, it is necessary to subsume Manner under Activity, Result under Change and CAUSE under 'causal course of Events'. The second objective is to expose the features that license the presence of KR in English while permitting a scarce presence of it in Spanish. KR is the Macroevent that complements the prototypical English Event, which opposes to Spanish in so far as it projects an Activity as main verb while the Spanish Event projects an Event proper. Thus, KR is not a complementary structure for the Spanish Event. Furthermore, KR reflects the typical 'open' combinatory English style, which is quite different from the Spanish 'close' one. This means that English allows for an open set of semantic relations between two words under the same structure while Spanish prefers to reduce them to (likely) one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is the analysis of the locutions used by Cervantes, which include verbs of movement such as andar, caer, ir, venir or volver (volver las riendas, caer de su burra, andar de zoca en colodra, venir a las manos...). The reason for choosing these verbs is that, very frequently, they may give rise to metaphorical and metonymic processes. After defining the concept of locution and setting the corpus of locutions, we undertake their formal analysis (related to structure, level of fixation, potential variation, formal evolution...), their semantic study (meaning, semantic changes, metaphorical and metonymic processes) and we also analyze their contexts of occurrence and the registers in which they are used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the evidence of cross linguistic and intercultural relations concerning the semiotics of brightness in the South-Central Andean area, which displays a co-tradition regarding this subject. The research method used in this work is the translinguistic study of correlations in semiotic constellations. This concept designs the series of meaning relations that lead to the performance and understanding of sense units in different languages. From the analysis of the illa concept, which denotes 'light' in Quechua and Aymara, and the lexematic series that contain its metathesis, we point out the connection of the latter with terms in other languages, firstly Mapuche and secondarily Kallawaya, Chipaya, Lule and Kunza. The geo and ethnolectal diffusion of these 'resonances of light' and the parallel similarity in their semiotic constellations reveal the existence of a long standing intercultural life in the Andean world spreading toward the North-Patagonian area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Words meanings and their use in the language are not fixed in time. This is the case of the word humor, whose current meaning is new in Spanish, as it is attested in dictionaries. Lexicographic discourse can reveal enough data about the history of words. Therefore, the aim of this research is to find out the concept of humor that appears from the first papers in the Spanish lexicography, from the late fifteenth century to the early eighteenth century. Taking Covarrubias's dictionary (1611) as a turning point, a corpus of dictionaries has been compiled to do research on how the subject of humor was treated by the selection of voices related to it. The results are sufficiently clear in respect to the prudence with which this subject was conceived, as well as to its pragmatically marked use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metaphor and metonymy are two mecanisms of basic conceptualization that justify the notional uses the verb motion go out as semantically derived from its corresponding prototypical uses. In this paper we will demonstrate that the abstract structures involving this verb can be explained by the projection of three basic image schemas: the path schema, the container schema and the whole-part schema (with its two metonymical directions: whole by part and part by whole). However, we will study others subsidiary image schemas of container and path metaphors: the force image schema, the process image schema, the fullempty image schema and the excess image schema. The examples were drawn from two oral corpora-Corpus oral de la variedad juvenil universitaria del español hablado en Alicante (COVJA) y Alicante, Corpus del español (ALCORE)-, where I have noticed a frequent use of these structures; and from one corpus written-CREA-, to which I have resorted in order to get a broaden database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we propose to locate the trace of Raimundo Sanz's Diccionario militar (1749)- the first example in Spanish language of this special lexicographical variety-in the Diccionario militar portátil (1822) of José Fernández Mancheño, composed in the next century, in order to find out how much of its terminology meets inheritances rather than own innovations. Our objective is also to verify the mutual semantic influences, in addition to those concerning lexicographical marks, which are used to restrict the words. Thanks to our contrastive analysis, several conclusions can be drawed. The most important are, first, that innovation in Fernandez Mancheño with respect to its direct predecessor, curiously, is to have recourse to military terminology of the past and, second, that the marks and the definitions are the microstructural elements where the progress reached by Fernández Mancheño compared to Sanz is more obvious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a contrastive analysis about the semantic field of housing in three peninsular áreas: Madrid, Sevilla and Mérida, with the results obtained applying the Cuestionario para el estudio de la norma culta de España e Hispanoamérica. Our objective is to determine the similarities and differences of the active lexicon of the speakers in this cities from a geolinguistic and diachronical perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The senior thesis is a relevant discourse genre to prove academic knowledge and to obtain a university degree. The descriptions of this kind of genre have been focusing on the lexical-grammatical and discursive rhetoric level; as well as in the process of construction and defense of the thesis. The semantic level, however, has been scarcely studied. This paper describes the characteristics of the authorial attribution of knowledge given by the semantic representation of utterances of the introduction and conclusion section. The corpus comprises 364 senior theses of four disciplines. First, we extracted utterances with explicit authorial attribution. Secondly, we constructed the semantic representation of statements according to the Role and Reference Grammar (RRG). According to the results, we can highlight the use of the first person plural as the first argument of verbs of activity in structures do' (x, [pred' (x, y)]), mainly in the conclusion section. The thematic role perfomer presents a high frequency in all four disciplines. Speaker and judger are also very frequent in the x argument. Consequently, the most common macro-role is Actor. Finally, it is interesting to note the potential of using RRG in academic discourse analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the aspectual restriction that blocks present oriented epistemic readings for nonstative predicates. Different languages show a similar pattern, among them Spanish, which will be our focus of study. Using a formalist frame, we propose that this restriction derives from the temporal conditions of predicate evaluation and the possibility of being coordinated with the punctual speech time. States are evaluable in points of time, while events must cover an interval (Hallman, 2010). The article develops some empirical consequences of this idea, leading to the claim that two classes of states must be distinguished: pure states and interval states (Dowty, 1979; Jaque, 2014). Finally, we present the formal correlates that our hypothesis has in the syntactic-semantic representation of the verbal phrase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variation in the field of phraseology has been the object of numerous studies of the common language. Since the last decade of the 20th century several investigations stressed the relevance of the phraseological variation in texts for special purposes in many fields, as for instance for specialized translation. In this paper the phraseological variation in legal texts is treated from a topolectal point of view in a corpus consisting of sentences from Hispanic penal law. Firstly, the corpus is analyzed using the model introduced by Tabares Plasencia (2012). Secondly, a sample of variation in the analyzed texts is proposed in order to systematize this variation and to develop a database of PLU (Phraseological Legal Units) for this type of texts, applicable to other text types in the future, which is addressed to Spanish-German translators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to identify common patterns in texts that function as Discussion of research articles in the area of Microbiology. With this purpose, a corpus of four texts was analyzed manually from the perspective of genre in Systemic Functional Linguistics. The schematic structure of the texts and the resources realizing it as configuration of meanings in the three metafunctions of language were explored. The analysis showed that the Discussion of research articles in this area realizes the genre warranty of the research, whose purpose is to legitimate the results found in the research in order to persuade the readers and to guarantee that they are pertinent to be incorporated to the body of disciplinary knowledge. The discourse-semantic resources found as relevant in the texts were the co-articulation of projection, a resource of the APPRAISAL system, and comparison, a resource of the conjunction system. Concede plus counter pairings were found only when the writer rejects possible objections of the readers. The resources found suggest that the new knowledge in Microbiology is integrated in a hierarchical structure of vertical knowledge. Due to the number of texts analyzed in this article, the results obtained are considered preliminary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]