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// Na Li 1 , Ke Shi 2 , Xinmei Kang 2 and Wei Li 2 1 Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Geriatrics, Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China Correspondence to: Wei Li, email: xylw2015@csu.edu.cn Keywords: TUG1, cancer, clinical outcome, prognosis Received: June 22, 2017 Accepted: July 26, 2017 Published: August 07, 2017 ABSTRACT Taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been reported that be dysregulated in various tumors, involved in proliferation and apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells. To detect the clinical significance of TUG1 expression in tumor patients, we carried out current systematic review and meta-analysis investigating its relation with the prognosis and clinicopathological features of cancers. A total of 15 studies comprise 1560 patients were analyzed. The pooled results showed that no significant relationship between high TUG1 expression and overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.96–1.69, P = 0.091) in various tumors. In the subgroup analysis by cancer type, elevated TUG1 expression was associated with poorer survival in cancer patients with high TUG1 expression subgroup but better survival in patients with low TUG1 expression subgroup. Over-expression of TUG1 associated with significantly unfavorable survival for bladder cancer (HR=2.67, 95% CI: 1.47–4.87, P = 0.001). Up-regulation of TUG1 correlated with distant metastasis (DM) (OR = 4.22, 95% CI: 2.66–6.70, P < 0.001) and tumor differentiation (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.28–4.70, P = 0.007), but failed to show inline to gender (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.77–1.42, P = 0.774), age (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.51–1.10, P = 0.136), lymph node metastasis (LNM) (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.85–2.50, P = 0.177), and TNM stage (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.17–1.81, P = 0.326). The overall results suggest lncRNA TUG1 may be a useful prognostic biomarker in cancer patients.

Human Homeobox A transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) is a putative oncogene in solid tumors. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between HOTTIP expression and clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Eligible studies were collected from a literature search of the online electronic databases of Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (up to January 2, 2017). Fixed-effects models were used to compute pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs). In total, we analyzed nine studies that included 800 patients with seven tumor types. Overall survival was lower for patients with high HOTTIP expression than for those with low expression (HR = 2.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.81–2.91, P < 0.001). High HOTTIP expression was also associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.70–3.37, P < 0.001), distant metastasis (OR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.78–6.12, P < 0.001), poor tumor differentiation (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.03–2.32, P = 0.036) and a poor clinical stage (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: 2.22–4.83, P < 0.001). This meta-analysis demonstrated that high HOTTIP expression in cancer patients is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Thus, HOTTIP is a potential predictive biomarker of cancer.