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Non‑standardized or conservative procedures are employed when parotid tumors involving the facial nerve or parotid carcinoma are misdiagnosed as benign parotid tumors prior to or during surgery. Remedial measures are usually required when the pathological diagnosis of a malignant parotid tumor is confirmed following surgery. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate reoperation subsequent to treatment with non‑standardized procedures for malignant parotid tumors, and to explore the preoperative diagnoses, the primary procedure selection and the necessity of reoperation following non‑standardized procedures in malignant parotid tumors. A total of 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria, were diagnosed with a malignant parotid tumor and underwent reoperation following the use of a non‑standardized procedure were included in the present study. Surgical conditions and clinical data were analyzed. Among the patients with a malignant parotid tumor who underwent reoperation subsequent to a non‑standardized procedure, the incidence of residual tumor, as confirmed by pathological examination, was 63.3% (19/30). The intact facial nerve preservation rate was 83.3% (25/30), the facial nerve branch resection rate was 6.7% (2/30), the facial partial nerve resection rate was 6.7% (2/30) and the facial nerve resection rate was 3.3% (1/30). In total, 3 patients underwent facial nerve reconstruction, 3 patients underwent a local flap repair of skin defects in the parotid region and 3 patients underwent pectoralis major muscle flap repair. The current findings indicate that the qualitative diagnosis of malignant parotid tumors prior to surgery is difficult, there is a high incidence of residual tumor following non‑standardized procedures, and that reoperation in a timely manner is required in such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intramuscular hemangiomas (IMHs) of the masseter muscle are extremely rare in the head and neck region and, thus, are often misdiagnosed as parotid tumors prior to surgery. Excisional resection remains the standard treatment for IMH. Since these tumors are located on the proximal side of the facial nerve, it is important to preserve the facial nerve during surgery. This study reports the case of a 57-year-old male who presented with a progressive tender swelling on the right side of the face, which had been present for >6 months. Computed tomography of the neck revealed a heterogeneous highly-vascularized mass located in the superficial layer of the masseter muscle. The patient subsequently underwent surgical resection via a collar incision, and pathological examination revealed a cavernous IMH. During the one-year follow-up period, the patient exhibited a good prognosis, and one-year magnetic resonance imaging revealed no local recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of superficial parotidectomy (SP) and partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) in treating benign parotid tumors. Individuals who had undergone SP or PSP between 2005 and 2008 were enrolled, the medical records were reviewed, and a questionnaire was created and mailed to the patients. For the statistical analysis, χ² and non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the variables. In total, 320 patients were included in the present study. Within the PSP group, immediate facial nerve weakness occurred in six patients (7.6%), and Frey's syndrome occurred in five (6.3%). Despite this, facial nerve function recovered fully during the follow-up, and recurrence was not identified. Within the SP group, Frey's syndrome occurred in 38 patients (15.8%), immediate facial nerve weakness in 55 patients (22.8%) and permanent facial nerve dysfunction in two patients (0.8%). However, no recurrence was evident. In total, 216 (67.5%) patients returned the questionnaire. Those with PSP demonstrated improved scores in the domains of appearance, facial contours, facial nerve function and Frey's syndrome. Compared with SP, PSP not only decreased the incidence of Frey's syndrome and transient facial nerve weakness, but also improved quality of life outcomes and guaranteed a low recurrence rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-standardized or conservative procedures are employed when parotid tumors involving the facial nerve or parotid carcinoma are misdiagnosed as benign parotid tumors prior to or during surgery. Remedial measures are usually required when the pathological diagnosis of a malignant parotid tumor is confirmed following surgery. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate reoperation subsequent to treatment with non-standardized procedures for malignant parotid tumors, and to explore the preoperative diagnoses, the primary procedure selection and the necessity of reoperation following non-standardized procedures in malignant parotid tumors. A total of 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria, were diagnosed with a malignant parotid tumor and underwent reoperation following the use of a non-standardized procedure were included in the present study. Surgical conditions and clinical data were analyzed. Among the patients with a malignant parotid tumor who underwent reoperation subsequent to a non-standardized procedure, the incidence of residual tumor, as confirmed by pathological examination, was 63.3% (19/30). The intact facial nerve preservation rate was 83.3% (25/30), the facial nerve branch resection rate was 6.7% (2/30), the facial partial nerve resection rate was 6.7% (2/30) and the facial nerve resection rate was 3.3% (1/30). In total, 3 patients underwent facial nerve reconstruction, 3 patients underwent a local flap repair of skin defects in the parotid region and 3 patients underwent pectoralis major muscle flap repair. The current findings indicate that the qualitative diagnosis of malignant parotid tumors prior to surgery is difficult, there is a high incidence of residual tumor following non-standardized procedures, and that reoperation in a timely manner is required in such cases.

The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of superficial parotidectomy (SP) and partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) in treating benign parotid tumors. Individuals who had undergone SP or PSP between 2005 and 2008 were enrolled, the medical records were reviewed, and a questionnaire was created and mailed to the patients. For the statistical analysis, χ 2 and non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the variables. In total, 320 patients were included in the present study. Within the PSP group, immediate facial nerve weakness occurred in six patients (7.6%), and Frey's syndrome occurred in five (6.3%). Despite this, facial nerve function recovered fully during the follow-up, and recurrence was not identified. Within the SP group, Frey's syndrome occurred in 38 patients (15.8%), immediate facial nerve weakness in 55 patients (22.8%) and permanent facial nerve dysfunction in two patients (0.8%). However, no recurrence was evident. In total, 216 (67.5%) patients returned the questionnaire. Those with PSP demonstrated improved scores in the domains of appearance, facial contours, facial nerve function and Frey's syndrome. Compared with SP, PSP not only decreased the incidence of Frey's syndrome and transient facial nerve weakness, but also improved quality of life outcomes and guaranteed a low recurrence rate.