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In an empirical investigation, the paper identifies the main political economy drivers of structural policy changes in OECD countries' labour and product markets over the 1985-2003 and 1975-2003 periods respectively. [...]

This paper explores the impact of policies and institutions on unemployment in OECD countries over the past decades. Reduced-form unemployment equations, consistent with standard wage setting/price-setting models, are estimated using [...]

This paper compares the impact of ICT capital accumulation on output growth in Australia, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. The analysis uses [...]

This paper presents estimates of the cyclical fluctuations of price-cost margins, following an extended version of the Rotemberg and Wood ford (1991) approach. The results support the hypothesis of counter-cyclical [...]

Department, Working Paper No. PB92-01, 1992. Clad, James, Behind the Myth -- Business, Money and Power in Southeast Asia, Grafton Books ed., London, 1989. Coase, Ronald, 'The problem of social [...]

Whalley, J. and R. Wigle (1992), 'Results for the OECD comparative modelling exercise from the Whalley-Wigle model', OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 121 (July). INTRODUCTION As evidence about the [...]

INTRODUCTION The threat of global warming confronts the world economy with the potential need for a major restructuring of energy markets. The preceding paper by Martin et al. illustrated that [...]

INTRODUCTION This paper deals with the measurement of 'non-market production' by households. Non-market production covers the goods and services household members produce for their own consumption by combining their unpaid [...]

REAL INTEREST RATE TRENDS: THE INFLUENCE OF SAVING, INVESTMENT AND OTHER FACTORS INTRODUCTION This paper examines the implications for real interest rates of developments in global saving and investment. Looking [...]

STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY IN OECD COUNTRIES: RECENT TRENDS, CONSEQUENCES FOR THE REAL ECONOMY, AND PROPOSALS FOR REFORM INTRODUCTION This paper characterises the historical experience of volatility in major equity markets [...]

INTRODUCTION This paper presents new evidence on the use of earnings supplements as an incentive to encourage labour market integration. The findings suggest that a well-designed financial incentive programme for [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Product market regulation and labour productivity in the OECD: convergence and divergence? Regulation Productivity Does regulation affect productivity growth? The model Results Simulation results Potential transmission [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Barriers to competition in financial markets: The role of regulation and other policies Banking regulation Securities market regulation The impact of financial systems' development and policies [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Decentralisation ratios Taxing power of sub-central governments A taxonomy of tax autonomy Taxing power in 2002 Evolution of taxing power 1995-2002 Tax autonomy across tax category [...]

Using data collected through a survey of over 4 000 manufacturing facilities in seven OECD countries the determinants of investments in environmental research and development (R&D) are assessed. It is [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Apparent labour productivity in the major industrialised countries Labour productivity, employment rates and hours worked: an aggregate approach Estimated relationship Estimation results using the OLS method [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Some empirical observations A conceptual framework Channels and evidence linking structural reform and current accounts Reduced-form evidence on the links between growth, structural reform and current [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction and summary The modelling strategy The data set The modelling approach The variable selection process Variable combination/model estimation Comparing different models Empirical results for the G6 [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Information technology in Canada and US: what is the story? Preliminary remarks A brief review of the US evidence Framework and data sources Canada-US estimates of [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction A new database on international migrants immigrants in OECD countries The foreign and foreign-born populations The geographic origin of immigrants The educational attainment of immigrants Expatriates [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Licensing agreements Literature review Indexes of intellectual property rights and enforcement Patent rights Copyrights Trademark rights Enforcement effectiveness Empirical analysis Regression analysis Joint ventures and strategic [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction and overview of the main results Some features of the micro data Assessing the vulnerability of corporate balance sheets using micro data The distribution of debt [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Developments in risk premia from 1998 to early 2005 Equities and corporate bonds Emerging-market bonds Evidence of cross-cutting effects across financial markets Explaining common movements in [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Foreign direct investment and international trade Empirical studies Trade in services Econometric approach and data description Econometric results Illustrating the heterogeneity issue Conclusions Bibliography INTRODUCTION Cross-border [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Background to the simulations Channel 1: Exchange rate adjustment Channel 2: Higher US saving via fiscal consolidation Channel 3: Increase in US export share via supply-side [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction The waiting time phenomenon Evidence on comparative waiting times across OECD countries Evidence on causes of waiting-time variations across OECD countries A multivariate regression analysis Explaining [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Measurement issues Evidence on the impacts of ICT at the firm level Links between ICT and firm performance Impacts in services Factors that affect the impact [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Patterns of firm entry Survival and growth The role of regulation for firm entry and survival Conclusions Notes Bibliography INTRODUCTION The creation of new businesses and [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction House prices, housing wealth and the cycle in OECD countries: some stylised facts House price trends and variability differ House price responses to the cycle and [...]

INTRODUCTION The beneficial effects of foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) on efficiency and growth are generally recognised, and there is a wide consensus that policy should aim at [...]

INTRODUCTION Private-sector saving rates have declined in the majority of OECD countries in the 1990s, in particular during the second half, with the decline being largely concentrated in the household [...]

INTRODUCTION Attitudes and policies towards liberalisation of international capital flows in general and foreign direct investment (FDI) in particular have been subject to considerable controversy and flux (OECD 2002a). Recognition [...]

BACKGROUND The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA), signed in April 1994, brought trade in agricultural products for the first time within the ambit of GATT rules. Signatory countries committed [...]

INTRODUCTION Scope and rationale OECD economies face the common challenge of raising allocative and administrative efficiency in the public sector. In this regard, well-functioning fiscal relations between central and sub-central [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction and summary Forces shaping recent trends and levels of public spending The long-standing rise in public spending ratios has abated since the mid-1990s Cross-country differences partly [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Preferences for female participation Policies affecting female labour force participation Family taxation Childcare subsidies and child benefits Parental leave Flexibility of working-time arrangements Anti-discrimination laws Other [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Early retirement incentives embedded in old-age pension systems and other social transfer programmes Standard and early ages of entitlement to old-age pension benefits Replacement rates and [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Capital services -- conceptual framework Production function Productive stock and capital services with geometric profiles Net (wealth) stock Productive stock and capital services with hyperbolic profiles [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction The SNA definition Estimation methods Some valuation issues Investment in purchased software (customised and pre-packaged) Own-account production Deflators Harmonised estimates of software investment Impacts on GDP [...]

Despite recent cuts, the tax-to-GDP ratio in most EU countries remains much higher than in other economies. The tax mix is also different, with high tax wedges on labour and [...]

This article uses internationally-comparable data on the distribution of income across households to identify some well-founded facts to replace the conjecture and supposition which too often dominate discussions on inequality [...]

INTRODUCTION In order to assess the effects of taxation on labour markets, investment, savings and redistribution, it is necessary to construct measures that take account of statutory tax rates, rules [...]

INTRODUCTION There is growing recognition that asset markets can have strong effects on private consumption and aggregate demand. Buoyant equity markets have often been credited with strong demand growth in [...]

INTRODUCTION Expenditure on services like public administration, law enforcement, defence, infrastructure, and the wider range of education, health care and social services like childcare and long-term care for elderly and [...]

INTRODUCTION Much discussion of social protection systems is dominated by supposed tradeoffs between the goals of growth and equity. Allusion is often made to the 'affordability' of social programmes and [...]

INTRODUCTION An important challenge facing policy makers is to identify the rate of capacity utilisation that is sustainable, in the sense that it is associated with reasonably stable inflation, over [...]

INTRODUCTION Public and private expenditure on educational institutions accounts for just over 6 per cent of the collective GDP of the OECD Member countries, or roughly $1 550 billion each [...]

INTRODUCTION Productivity growth is the basis for improvements in real incomes and welfare. Slow productivity growth limits the rate at which real incomes can improve, and also increases the likelihood [...]

INTRODUCTION The past decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the main factors driving economic growth in the OECD countries. A few countries -- including the United States, the technology [...]

INTRODUCTION The recent acceleration of multifactor productivity (MFP) in several OECD Member countries, after two decades of slow growth, is often explained by a surge in the pace of technical [...]