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This paper presents estimates of the cyclical fluctuations of price-cost margins, following an extended version of the Rotemberg and Wood ford (1991) approach. The results support the hypothesis of counter-cyclical [...]

INTRODUCTION The threat of global warming confronts the world economy with the potential need for a major restructuring of energy markets. The preceding paper by Martin et al. illustrated that [...]

REAL INTEREST RATE TRENDS: THE INFLUENCE OF SAVING, INVESTMENT AND OTHER FACTORS INTRODUCTION This paper examines the implications for real interest rates of developments in global saving and investment. Looking [...]

IS P-STAR A GOOD INDICATOR OF INFLATIONARY PRESSURE IN OECD COUNTRIES? INTRODUCTION The P-star (P ☆) concept was first developed by the U.S. Federal Reserve as a simple, yet comprehensive, [...]

In an empirical investigation, the paper identifies the main political economy drivers of structural policy changes in OECD countries' labour and product markets over the 1985-2003 and 1975-2003 periods respectively. [...]

This paper explores the impact of policies and institutions on unemployment in OECD countries over the past decades. Reduced-form unemployment equations, consistent with standard wage setting/price-setting models, are estimated using [...]

This paper compares the impact of ICT capital accumulation on output growth in Australia, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. The analysis uses [...]

INTRODUCTION The stock market has an important role in the allocation of resources, both directly as a source of funds and as a determinant of firms' value and borrowing capacity. [...]

INTRODUCTION There is widespread concern that climate change leading to global warming may be occurring and that this could involve costs that would warrant an internationally negotiated response to deal [...]

STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY IN OECD COUNTRIES: RECENT TRENDS, CONSEQUENCES FOR THE REAL ECONOMY, AND PROPOSALS FOR REFORM INTRODUCTION This paper characterises the historical experience of volatility in major equity markets [...]

BUSINESS INVESTMENT: RECENT PERFORMANCE AND SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY Robert Ford and Pierre Poret Table : CONTENTS Introduction 80 I. The evolution of business fixed investment 80 II. The determinants [...]

INTRODUCTION Several countries have introduced policies aimed at enhancing the employment opportunities for groups at the margins of the labour market -- those with little work experience and/or low skills [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Product market regulation and labour productivity in the OECD: convergence and divergence? Regulation Productivity Does regulation affect productivity growth? The model Results Simulation results Potential transmission [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Barriers to competition in financial markets: The role of regulation and other policies Banking regulation Securities market regulation The impact of financial systems' development and policies [...]

Using data collected through a survey of over 4 000 manufacturing facilities in seven OECD countries the determinants of investments in environmental research and development (R&D) are assessed. It is [...]

BACKGROUND The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA), signed in April 1994, brought trade in agricultural products for the first time within the ambit of GATT rules. Signatory countries committed [...]

Despite recent cuts, the tax-to-GDP ratio in most EU countries remains much higher than in other economies. The tax mix is also different, with high tax wedges on labour and [...]

INTRODUCTION There is growing recognition that asset markets can have strong effects on private consumption and aggregate demand. Buoyant equity markets have often been credited with strong demand growth in [...]

INTRODUCTION Much discussion of social protection systems is dominated by supposed tradeoffs between the goals of growth and equity. Allusion is often made to the 'affordability' of social programmes and [...]

INTRODUCTION An important challenge facing policy makers is to identify the rate of capacity utilisation that is sustainable, in the sense that it is associated with reasonably stable inflation, over [...]

INTRODUCTION Public and private expenditure on educational institutions accounts for just over 6 per cent of the collective GDP of the OECD Member countries, or roughly $1 550 billion each [...]

INTRODUCTION Productivity growth is the basis for improvements in real incomes and welfare. Slow productivity growth limits the rate at which real incomes can improve, and also increases the likelihood [...]

INTRODUCTION The past decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the main factors driving economic growth in the OECD countries. A few countries -- including the United States, the technology [...]

THE ISSUE AND KEY RESULTS The early withdrawal of older workers from the labour market is one of the most striking socio-economic developments common to most OECD countries in recent [...]

INTRODUCTION The emergence of high and persistent unemployment in many OECD countries and widening wage inequality in some has generated a lively debate as to the culprits. In particular, much [...]

INTRODUCTION The OECD routinely maintains a system of business cycle indicators pertaining to 22 of its Member countries (Nilsson, 1987). This system, which is in the line of analysis established [...]

INTRODUCTION < of control, unleashing inflation ... Typically, policy makers wait too late to spoil the fun, and they thereby increase the likelihood that growth will turn abruptly to recession.>> [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction I. Linkages between trade and environmental policy instruments A. Instrument use and cost efficiency B. Instrument use and political economy: rent-seeking II. Environmental regulation and competitiveness [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction I. Completing the internal market: an overview II. Policy issues A. Policies towards ensuring a level playing field B. Policies being affected by enhanced market integration [...]

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction I. Costs of inflation. A. Interactions between inflation and taxation B. Inflation and price uncertainty C. Inflation and growth D. Other effects II. The optimal rate [...]

INTRODUCTION Productivity growth is the key mechanism by which average income and welfare are improved: over the medium term faster productivity growth is associated with more rapid growth in real [...]

INTRODUCTION The combination of increasing unemployment and widening wage inequality in OECD countries in the 1980s has raised concerns about the role of foreign trade as a cause of these [...]

INTRODUCTION One of the most disturbing features of the high rates of unemployment currently observed in many OECD countries is the apparent tendency for unemployment, after rising during a cyclical [...]

where it is for economic/technical reasons), Table 1 in the main text carries over, from this Annex, the average of the two scores. Scoring is done so far as possible [...]

INTRODUCTION Unemployment is an important social and economic problem in the majority of OECD countries. Getting a precise and internationally comparable assessment of its magnitude is therefore of interest in [...]

Department, Working Paper No. PB92-01, 1992. Clad, James, Behind the Myth -- Business, Money and Power in Southeast Asia, Grafton Books ed., London, 1989. Coase, Ronald, 'The problem of social [...]

INTRODUCTION Products which are traded internationally, but which stay within the ambit of a multinational enterprise (MNE), represent a significant portion of foreign trade for several OECD countries. This type [...]

Whalley, J. and R. Wigle (1992), 'Results for the OECD comparative modelling exercise from the Whalley-Wigle model', OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 121 (July). INTRODUCTION As evidence about the [...]

INTRODUCTION Even if the greenhouse effect is intrinsically a global problem, it is unlikely that a timely global agreement to reduce carbon dioxide (C|O.sub.2~) emissions could be reached on the [...]

INTRODUCTION This paper deals with the measurement of 'non-market production' by households. Non-market production covers the goods and services household members produce for their own consumption by combining their unpaid [...]

INTRODUCTION Since its inception the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) of the European Monetary System has evolved beyond its initial role of reducing nominal exchange rate variability to symbolise the commitment [...]

MACROECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS: A SURVEY OF EMPIRICAL STUDIES INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS A. The scope of the survey This survey provides an overview of current estimates of [...]

INTRODUCTION Over the past two decades, the institutional and regulatory framework of the telecommunications industry has changed radically. In most OECD countries, public telecommunications operators (PTOs) have been fully or [...]

INTRODUCTION Distribution is a key sector of OECD economies, accounting for more than 10 per cent of GDP in most OECD countries. Its market structure has been traditionally characterised by [...]

INTRODUCTION The road freight industry consists of the transportation by road of goods between firms and between firms and consumers. In the past two decades, this mode of freight transportation [...]

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS In the past two decades, OECD countries have shifted from using public policy instruments, such as regulation or public ownership of enterprises, to a greater reliance on [...]

INTRODUCTION The airline industry transports passengers and goods within and across national borders on a scheduled and non-scheduled basis. In 1999, the world scheduled air traffic amounted to a total [...]

INTRODUCTION High and persistent unemployment has been a major blot on the economic and social record of most OECD countries since the early 1970s: the OECD average standardised unemployment rate [...]

INTRODUCTION Population ageing will pose a considerable challenge for OECD societies over the next few decades, particularly in the fields of pensions and health care (OECD, 1998). Besides having potentially [...]

INTRODUCTION Adema (1997) argued that standard data on budgetary allocations to social spending gives an incomplete picture of the extent of social protection across countries for two main reasons. First, [...]