1. Are the Changes in Gastrointestinal Hormone Secretion Necessary for the Success of Bariatric Surgery? A Critical Review of the Literature
- Author
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Stylianos Tsochatzis, Ioannis Kehagias, Theodoros Alexandrides, Charalampos Lampropoulos, and Dimitrios Kehagias
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Sleeve gastrectomy ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gastric Bypass ,Bariatric Surgery ,Gastrointestinal Hormones ,Mice ,Gastrectomy ,Weight loss ,medicine ,Animals ,Glucose homeostasis ,Peptide YY ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Obesity, Morbid ,Surgery ,Postprandial ,Gastrointestinal hormone ,Ghrelin ,medicine.symptom ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY) are involved in energy balance regulation and glucose homeostasis. Obesity is characterized by lower fasting levels and blunted postprandial responses of ghrelin, GLP-1, and possibly PYY. Both Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have been shown to increase postprandial GLP-1 and PYY levels. Human studies have shown that enhanced postprandial GLP-1 and PYY release are associated with favorable weight loss outcomes after RYGB. However, studies in knockout mice have shown that GI hormones are not required for the primary metabolic effects of bariatric surgery. Here, we summarize the complex interaction between obesity, bariatric surgery, and GI hormones in order to determine the exact role of GI hormones in the success of bariatric surgery.
- Published
- 2021
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