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One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is an effective procedure to treat severe obesity. However, conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is increasing. We therefore conducted a systematic review to determine the safety and efficacy associated with OAGB-RYGB conversion. A systematic search was conducted by three independent reviewers using Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library following PRISMA guidelines. Six studies including 134 patients were selected who were undergoing OAGB-RYGB conversion. The most common indications were reflux (47.8%), malnutrition (31.3%), and inadequate weight loss (8.2%). Study outcomes demonstrated 100% resolution of bile reflux. Overall, there was medium-term weight gain of 0.61 BMI. OAGB to RYGB conversion leads to resolution of reflux symptoms. However, it is associated with weight regain, albeit this may be acceptable to patients to treat biliary reflux., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Purpose: The incidence of nocturia is increased in obesity, which causes significant negative impact on quality of life. Bariatric surgery is a reliable method in which to achieve major weight loss and this study aims to determine the effect of bariatric surgery on nocturia and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men and women., Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of patients undergoing bariatric surgery had pre- and post-operative questionnaires using the validated International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) to assess nocturia between 2018 and 2021. The primary outcome was effect of bariatric surgery on nocturia RESULTS: A total of 99 patients were included with median age of 52.9 (44.9-60.2) and 83.8% being female. The median weight was 129.9kg (110-151.9) and median BMI was 45.5 (41.4-53.4). Improvements were demonstrated in all criteria assessed in IPSS and nocturia significantly improved with a decrease in 1.14 points (p < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that, in the post operative period assessed, there were no significant effect on variables measured such as obstructive sleep apnoea, type 2 diabetes on the effect of IPSS post-bariatric surgery within the follow-up period of 4-6 months., Conclusion: Bariatric surgery can have significant improvements on nocturia symptoms in men and women with obesity. This is another means in how bariatric surgery can reduce morbidity and improve quality of life., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Preoperative oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) in bariatric surgery remains a controversial topic, with a large variety in practice globally. An electronic database search of Medline, Embase and PubMed was performed in an aim to categorise the findings of preoperative endoscopies in bariatric patients. A total of 47 studies were included in this meta-analysis resulting in 23,368 patients being assessed. Of patients assessed, 40.8% were found to have no novel findings, 39.7% had novel findings which did not affect surgical planning, 19.8% had findings that affected their surgery and 0.3% were ruled to not be suitable for bariatric surgery. Preoperative OGD is altering surgical planning in one-fifth of patients; however, further comparative studies are required to determine if each patient should undergo this procedure especially if asymptomatic., (© 2023. Crown.)

Internal hernias are a worrying complication from laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRGB), with potential small bowel necrosis and obstruction. An electronic database search of Medline, Embase, and Pubmed was performed. All studies investigating the internal hernia rates in patients whose mesenteric defects were closed vs. not closed during LRGB were analysed. Odds ratios were calculated to assess the difference in internal hernia rate. A total of 14 studies totalling 20,553 patients undergoing LRGB were included. Internal hernia rate (220/12,445 (2%) closure vs. 509/8108 (6%) non-closure) and re-operation for small bowel obstruction (86/5437 (2%) closed vs. 300/3132 (10%) non-closure) were reduced when defects were closed. There was no difference observed when sutures were used to close the defects compared to clips/staples., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

There is a significant association between obesity and nocturia, which can cause a significant negative impact on quality of life. This meta-analysis aims to determine the effects of bariatric surgery on nocturia in both men and women. Studies searched via MEDLINE and Embase databases. The primary outcome was difference in nocturia scores before and after bariatric surgery. A total of 522 patients were included in the analysis of this paper. Statistically significant decreases in nocturia scores were observed post-bariatric surgery. Bariatric surgery also resulted in statistically significant reduction of BMI. Bariatric surgery can have significant improvements on nocturia symptoms in men and women with obesity. This would thereby reduce morbidity and improve quality of life following bariatric surgery., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Bariatric surgery (including gastric bypass) is associated with long-term deficiencies in vitamins and minerals, which may have deleterious effects on physiology. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists' (AACE) guidelines regarding post-operative vitamin supplementation have recently been endorsed by the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO). Supplements have cost implications. Non-branded multivitamins may have similar compositions to branded multivitamins, but at a lower cost. This study assesses multivitamin supplementation following bariatric gastric bypass in England against AACE guidelines. It also examines the composition and cost of branded and non-branded multivitamins., Methods: Micronutrient amounts in common multivitamin preparations were obtained from product literature. Costs were collected from a standard retailer. To determine vitamin prescribing patterns, the 37 NHS hospitals performing bariatric gastric bypasses in England were contacted. Practice was assessed against AACE guidelines., Results: All non-branded multivitamins met AACE guidelines for composition. Most had similar compositions to branded multivitamins, and all were cheaper. There was no standard practice regarding post-operative supplementation among the 35 responding hospitals. Only 7/35 (20%) hospitals followed the guidance for two-tablet doses of multivitamins. Immediately post-operatively, 25/35 (71%) hospitals administered calcium carbonate and vitamin D (none recommended calcium citrate, as recommended by AACE to improve absorption), and only 9/35 (26%) hospitals recommended iron to all patients., Conclusion: Most non-branded multivitamins are lower cost alternatives to branded multivitamins, with similar compositions. The AACE recommendation for two-tablet doses of multivitamins is not being met by most English centres. Calcium and iron supplementation is also inadequate.

Background: Bariatric surgery is expanding and the increasing workload needs to be undertaken safely in new surgical centres with no previous bariatric experience. The laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) has a steep learning curve with documented high risk. We present the results for the first 300 cases of LRYGB in a new centre., Methods: Three hundred consecutive patients underwent LRYGB performed by a single surgeon. Four external surgeons mentored eight cases in the first 50. Demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI) and operative time were collected prospectively and the Obesity Surgery Mortality Risk Score was used for risk stratification., Results: The mean BMI of the patients increased during the series from 49.0 for the first group to 50.2 for the second group and to 51.0 for the third group (p < 0.05). The number of high-risk patients measured with the OS-MRS was 19/300 (6.3%) in the whole series. The mean operative time decreased from 163 min for the first 100 patients to 119 min for the second 100 and 94 for the third (p < 0.0001). In the first group, there were nine reoperations and two conversions to open surgery, compared to two reoperations and one conversion in the second group (p < 0.05). In the whole series, there were 12 early complications requiring re-operation, four conversions to open surgery and one mortality (patient 110, heart failure within 24 h)., Conclusions: A mentoring process ensures that LRYGB can be done safely in a newly established bariatric centre. The operative time reduces markedly after the learning curve.