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Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative process that affects the motor function and involves an inflammatory response and B vitamin deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of B-group vitamin-producing and immunomodulatory lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in a murine model of PD., Methods: The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum CRL 2130 (a riboflavin producer), Streptococcus thermophilus CRL 807 (an immunomodulatory strain), and Streptococcus thermophilus CRL 808 (a folate producer) were evaluated individually and as a mixture in mice injected with 1-methyl-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-tetrahidropiridina. Motor capacity, tyrosine hydrolase in the brain, and cytokine concentrations in serum and brain tissues were evaluated in 1-methyl-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-tetrahidropiridina-treated mice after bacterial supplementation., Results: The mice receiving the selected LAB showed significantly improved motor skills compared with those that did not receive bacterial supplementation. When given the mixture of all 3 strains together, the animals had higher brain tyrosine hydrolase-positive cell counts, decreased inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in serum, and increased antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 in serum and brain tissues compared with animals that did not receive LAB supplementation., Conclusions: The results showed the potential of a selected LAB mixture to improve motor behavior and neuroinflammation in PD. This probiotic mixture could be used as an adjunct treatment in the control of PD., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Intestinal mucositis (IM) is a local inflammatory response that causes alterations of the intestinal structure that in turn affect nutrient absorption and a side effect that is commonly associated with cancer treatments. Lactobacillus plantarum CRL2130 is a riboflavin-overproducing strain that has previously been shown to provide antiinflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of this riboflavin-producing strain in a chemically induced murine mucositis model., Methods: Mucositis was induced by daily injections of 5-fluororacil (5-FU) after which mice were either given L. plantarum CRL2130, CRL725 (strain from which CRL2130 was derived that does not overproduce riboflavin), or commercial riboflavin twice daily during 6 d of chemotherapy agent injections. The effect of the strains and riboflavin was also evaluated in vitro using Caco-2 intestinal cancer cell cultures to determine if they interfere with 5-FU's anticancer activity., Results: The administration of L. plantarum CRL2130 significantly attenuated the pathologic changes induced by 5-FU in mice such as body weight loss, diarrhea, shortening of villus height, increases in proinflammatory cytokine concentrations, and elevated production of interleukin 10. In vitro assays using Caco-2 cells showed that the effectiveness of 5-FU was not affected by L. plantarum CRL2130 and that this strain exerted an inhibitory mechanism against oxidative stress., Conclusions: These results indicate that the riboflavin-overproducing strain L. plantarum CRL2130 could be useful to prevent mucositis during cancer treatments and would not affect the primary treatment., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)