Search

Objectives: There is a higher rate of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Iran and the mortality rate increases even after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between mortality and survival in patients 10 y after CABG, using the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and dietary antioxidant indices., Methods: In the current prospective cohort study, 450 patients with CVD who were referred to the Tehran Heart Center and who underwent an isolated CABG during the 6-mo period between April and September 2006 were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements and clinical assessments were performed. Biochemical assay, including hemoglobin A1c, serum lipids, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, lipoprotein(a), albumin, and C-reactive protein, were also measured. DII, dietary antioxidant quality (DAQ) scores, and dietary Mediterranean quality index (MEDQI) were measured using the data obtained from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meir method followed by log-rank test. The association between all-cause mortality and study parameters was performed with Cox proportional hazard model., Results: According to the present results, older ages, male sex, lower educational attainment, opium use, previous history of diabetes and myocardial infarction, and higher hematocrit and creatinine concentrations were associated with higher mortality rates. Among nutritional indices, a high inflammatory diet was a positive predictor of mortality, whereas a higher DAQ score was a negative predictor (P < 0.05). No association was found between the MEDQI score and mortality rate among patients., Conclusion: According to the present findings, a diet high in inflammatory foods and low in antioxidant content is a potent predictor of mortality 10 y post-CABG. Therefore, reducing the inflammatory potential of the diet and improving its antioxidant content will be a preventive strategy for reducing mortality after CABG., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: The relationship between gut microflora and metabolic syndrome components such as obesity, low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and altered glucose metabolism is now acknowledged. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of probiotic yogurt on glycemic indexes and endothelial dysfunction markers in patients with metabolic syndrome., Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 44 patients with metabolic syndrome (22 men and 22 women), who were 20 to 65 y of age. The patients were assigned to either a treatment or control group and consumed 300g/d of probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 or a regular yogurt for 2 mo, respectively. Each group contained 22 participants. Fasting blood glucose and serum insulin was performed to derive homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin sensitivity (Quicki), and HOMA of β-cell function (HOMA- β). In addition, markers of vascular cell adhesion molecule cell (VCAM)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule cell (ICAM)-1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 were measured to evaluate endothelial function at the beginning and at the end of the study., Results: Consumption of probiotic yogurt resulted in a significant reduction in the level of blood glucose and VCAM-1. Significant changes in PAI-1, VCAM-1, insulin, HOMA-IR, and Quicki were observed in the probiotic yogurt group after intervention compared with baseline., Conclusion: Consumption of probiotic yogurt improved fasting blood glucose and partly modified serum endothelial function markers. These results suggest that regular intake of probiotic yogurt may exert positive effects on the treatment of metabolic syndrome., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)