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This article presents a communication framework, devised by the authors, that could be used by healthcare professionals who come into contact with people who have dementia. The framework is based on four key concepts: validation, emotion, reassure and activity (VERA). It describes a stage-by-stage process of communication that guides nurses towards providing compassionate and caring responses. The framework was developed in response to students who said they find it useful to have structured guidance on how to interact with people who have dementia. The VERA framework offers a means of interpreting communication and responding appropriately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the skills needed for effective communication with people who have dementia. It describes the factors that influence the communication process and the effect this may have on the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship. Cognitive impairment in people with dementia may limit their ability to communicate effectively. This may, in turn, affect the nurse's ability to identify patients' needs. Communication is central to providing good dementia care. The article examines some of the challenges nurses may face when caring for this patient group and suggests some strategies to overcome any barriers, enhance quality of care and improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]