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Aim: This study investigated the scientific research ability of Chinese specialist nurses (SNs) in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and its influencing factors. Design: A cross‐sectional design. Methods: A total of 652 SNs in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were investigated from March to October 2021. The nursing scientific research ability level was measured using the Nursing Research Competence of Nurses Self‐evaluation Scale. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate factors affecting the scientific research ability of SNs. Results: The median score of scientific research ability of SNs was 31 (interquartile range: 19–41). Approximately 74.8% of clinical speciality nurses had low scientific research ability. Educational background, working hospital level, being the first author of a published paper and successful application for scientific research projects were identified as factors influencing scientific research ability score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this discursive paper was to describe and expound on how paediatric nurses will be able to address the needs of children and adolescents through the lens of selected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Rwanda. Design: A discursive analysis of SDGs relating to the roles of paediatric nurses in the context of Rwanda. Methods: A discursive method using SDGs as a guiding framework is used in this paper. We drew on our own experiences and supported them with the available literature. Results: A collection of contextually relevant examples of how paediatric nurses will be able to address the needs of children and adolescents through the lens of selected SDGs in Rwanda was discussed. The selected SDGs expounded on were: no poverty, good health and well‐being, quality of education, decent work and economic growth, reduced inequalities, and partnerships for the goals. Conclusions: There is no doubt that the paediatric nurses in Rwanda play undeniable key roles in attaining SDGs and their targets. Thus, there is a need to train more paediatric nurses with the support of the interdisciplinary partners. Collaboratively, this is possible in the bid to ensure equitable and accessible care to the current and future generations. Public contribution: This discursive paper is intended to inform the different stakeholders in nursing practice, research, education and policy to support and invest in the advanced education of paediatric nurses for attainment of the SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To capture and retain healthcare staff in postgraduate courses relevant to individual career aspirations, service requirements and continuous practice development (CPD) within an English UK university. Design: Two virtual career clinics for postgraduate practitioners to engage in CPD offers within the university. An online post‐enrolment online survey to explore their experiences of engagement with the university. Methods: Mixed: qualitative and quantitative methods. Engaging 10 participants attended the career clinics, and 42 participants with an online survey. Results: The career clinics were well received by participants who mapped CPD requirements and individual career aspirations. The surveys exposed challenges with marketing and enrolment; however, these were mitigated with support. Four recommendations are presented within this paper applicable to the international postgraduate education of all health practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To review the literature and identify factors that make sense of and influence nurses' career success. We sought to provide insights into achieving nurses' career success. Design: An integrative review conducted in May 2022 using Whittemore and Knafl's methodology of integrative review. Methods: The databases searched were PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL. Search criteria included the keywords "nurs*" and "career success" in the title and abstract. The quality of the reviewed papers was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for cross‐sectional studies and qualitative research. We extracted five types of information from quantitative studies: the definition of career success, factors of career success instruments, reliability or validity of career success instruments, and factors influencing nursing career success. Furthermore, we extracted two types of information from qualitative studies: themes that imply career success and factors that influence nurses' career success. Primary data were categorized into two perspectives: (1) what nurses' career success means and (2) what influences nurses' career success. Categorized data were unified into similar contents. Themes were developed from unified subgroups. Results: Fourteen studies were included in the analysis. Seven themes were integrated into the factors that make sense of nurses' career success: satisfaction, positive attitude towards work, quality work in nursing, continuation of career and professional development, positive interaction at work, person–organization fit, and enrichment of an individual's life. Three themes were integrated into the factors influencing nursing career success: personal resources, positive behavior toward nursing work and research, and job resources and environment. No Patient or Public Contribution: Patients or members of the public were not involved in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the effectiveness and acceptability of a pilot mentoring program for alcohol and other drug (AOD) nurse practitioners (also known globally as addiction nurse practitioners). Design: Mixed method evaluation. Methods: Two‐phase evaluation comprising survey (demographics, pre‐ and post‐program perceived competency and confidence) with 15 participants completing the pre survey and 10 participants completing the post survey, and qualitative interviews after the program with 10 participants. Results: The quantitative results indicate statistically significant increases in some domains of perceived competence and confidence in treatment. Qualitative findings indicate that participants valued peer support and mentoring from experienced nurse practitioners. Where formal residency or internship programs for nurse practitioners do not exist, informal mentoring programs may address issues inherent in nurse practitioner transition that may impact retention. We recommend further exploration of mentoring programs with larger sample sizes to determine if self‐reported clinical improvements are noted. Implications for Profession and/or Patient Care: Nurse practitioners are a vital part of the healthcare system; their advanced skills and knowledge place them in an ideal position to address prescriber shortages and access to care for populations underserved by healthcare. However, literature indicates that they are often underutilised, and transition to autonomous practice remains a challenge. Our exploration of a pilot mentoring program for nurse practitioners shows that their knowledge and perceived skills are high, yet peer assistance is valued in transitioning from advanced practice registered nurse to autonomous nurse practitioner. We recommend further trialling and evaluation of nurse practitioner mentoring programs to both increase supply of nurse practitioners and provide greater access to quality healthcare for underserved populations. Impact: What problem did the study address?: The ability of nurse practitioners to offer advanced practice interventions such as diagnosis and medication management potentially provides a solution to healthcare resource shortages. However, current literature indicates that advanced nurses transitioning to nurse practitioner roles suffer transition shock, leading to burnout and poor retention. What were the main findings?: Although this pilot mentoring program shows significant improvements in survey responses on confidence and capability, qualitative data shows that neophyte nurse practitioners value peer support and mentoring from more experienced practitioners. Participants described maintaining ongoing connections with both mentors and fellow mentees, which aided transition to the role of autonomous nurse practitioner. Where and on whom will the research have an impact?: The results of this pilot mentoring program indicate that there is benefit to these programs for neophyte nurse practitioners in many specialties. This paper indicates that mentoring programs for nurse practitioners may provide a community of practice and may have a positive impact on transition shock. Reporting Method: Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to explore and understand the organizational culture of a workplace in terms of support and well‐being for staff experiencing perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms at work. Design: It is widely acknowledged that perimenopause and menopause symptoms are experienced by a large percentage of the female workforce. There is a lack of research into how nurses are supported through menopause (Cronin et al. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 42, 2021, 541–548). The perimenopause and menopause transition can be a challenging time where many may require symptom management and support (RCN, The Menopause and Work: Guidance for RCN Representatives, 2020). This paper presents a case study research (CSR) approach to examine one healthcare organization. Methods: CSR design was used: A survey distributed to all staff employed, a review of the available documentation on menopause and interviews with managers from different levels of the organization. The COREQ consolidated criteria was used for reporting the qualitative research reported this study. Results: The case study generated both quantitative and qualitative data using surveys, interviews and documentation. Data from the organization (n = 6905) showed a majority female workforce of 81.9% with 40.6% aged between 41 and 55 years old, meaning a third of the organization working through perimenopause and menopause. Survey responses (n = 167) collected biographical and psychometric data on the prevalence of perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms. Seven managers were interviewed highlighting two themes: Access to support and culture of menopause and 13 documents from the organization on menopause were analysed for content. The study design permitted an iterative approach to data collection and providing an in‐depth understanding of the needs and support for those experiencing perimenopause and menopause. The findings help healthcare organizations to understand their workforce and take in to account the larger numbers of female employees particularly nurses with the need to provide person‐centred support mechanisms and an organizational approach for all employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To improve the level of hospital workers' safety performance in response to emergencies (e.g. COVID‐19), this paper examines the relationship between hospital workers' job control on safety performance, and the mediating role of hospital safety climate and the moderating role of social support. Design: In this cross‐sectional questionnaire survey, a convenience sampling of hospital workers from three hospitals that have COVID‐19 cases from Beijing and Shandong Province in China. Methods: These questionnaires were used to obtain self‐reported data on hospital workers' job control, hospital safety climate, social support and safety performance. Mplus software was used to calculate CFA. SPSS25.0 software was used to calculate mean values, standard deviations, correlations and regression analyses. Results: The participants were 241 hospital workers from three hospitals in China (male = 55.2%, female = 44.8%; age range <30 to >45; physician = 58%, nurse = 22%, other hospital worker = 20%). A moderated mediation model among job control, hospital safety climate, social support and safety performance was supported. Moderated mediation analysis indicates hospital workers' job control effectively improves the level of safety performance; hospital safety climate plays a partially mediating role in the process of job control affecting hospital workers' safety performance; social support moderates the effect of work control on medical workers' safety climate. Hence, it is important to increase job control and hospital safety climate. Further, social support for hospital workers should be encouraged, advocated and supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of sleep disturbance and its relationship with anxiety and depression symptoms, social support and hope in breast cancer patients in China during chemotherapy. Design: A single‐centre cross‐sectional study. Methods: A total of 329 breast cancer patients were selected via convenience sampling method before they began chemotherapy (n = 115), before the 5th week of chemotherapy (n = 117) or 1 month after chemotherapy ended (n = 97) and administered paper‐and‐pencil questionnaires to evaluate sleep quality, depression and anxiety symptoms, social support and hope. Risk factors significantly associated with sleep disturbance during bivariate were incorporated in the multivariate analysis. Bivariate analyses showed that age, menopausal status, depression and anxiety symptoms, emotional/informational support, tangible support, affectionate support, positive social interaction and total support were predictors of sleep disturbance. Results: Sleep disturbance was prevalent in breast cancer patients before (27.0%), during (32.5%) and after (39.2%) chemotherapy, with 37.4%, 41.9% and 52.6% of participants, respectively, reporting sleeping below the recommended 7 h. Only 8.6%–15.5% of patients reported taking sedative‐hypnotic drugs during the chemotherapy. Multivariate analyses found that participants reporting clinically significant anxiety (HADS > 8) were 3.5 times more likely to report sleep disturbance (PSQI > 8) than participants without clinically significant anxiety, and each increment in emotional/informational support was associated with a 9.04% reduced risk of sleep disturbance. Moreover, age was an independent predictor of sleep disturbance during multivariate modelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate students' self‐perceived pedagogical outcomes when using a digital scenario‐based tool compared to traditional scenarios printed on paper. Design: This study used a within‐subjects experiment. Method: A digital platform for scenario development was developed, focusing on patients' regaining independence and returning home after an acute event. Students participated in two simulation activities, differing only in the type of scenario used and completed a questionnaire to evaluate their learning experience. Results: Students considered that the new scenario template provided a clearer understanding of the situation under analysis, allowing them to recognize the focuses of attention to be prioritized when formulating the intervention plan. No Patient or Public Contribution: A digital platform for a standardized process of scenario writing to help realistic simulation in nursing education is a novelty in this study and will likely contribute to substantial learning gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The presented paper aims at understanding the current situation of mechanical prevention of venous thrombosis in ICU. Design: A questionnaire survey. Methods: A self‐developed Questionnaire on the Current Situation of VTE Mechanical Prevention in ICU was distributed. Results: A total of 125 valid questionnaires were collected. The results shows that only 11.2% ICUs had the ratio of mechanical prevention equipment to the bed number ≥0.8:1; there was significant differences among ICU nurses in different levels of hospitals in mastering the indications, contraindications and use process of venous thromboembolism mechanical prevention; 42 ICUs (33.6%) used disposable leg covers for patients before the use of mechanical prevention equipment. The face‐to‐face teaching model was the main method adopted in the education and training of mechanical prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper explored the differences in perspectives on the core competencies of nurse preceptors among postgraduate‐year nurses, clinical nursing preceptors and head nurses. Design: Cross‐sectional design with nominal group technique (NGT). Method: The sample consisted of 32 postgraduate‐year nurses, 42 preceptors and 27 head nurses. Two rounds of NGT were used to collect the group opinions. Results: While the rank/level of importance varied, three groups all agreed that teaching traits, clinical nursing profession, communication and collaboration, teaching pedagogy, reaction of contingency and consultation of academic writing were important core competencies for nurse preceptors. The three groups disagreed on critical thinking and reflection, as well as lifelong learning. This study clarifies cognitive differences and expectations among three groups and can assist medical institutes in designing preceptor training courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To measure the effectiveness of educational programmes for nurses regarding knowledge and practice of advanced resuscitation for newborn infants. Design: This is a quasi‐experimental study in (Sudan, White Nile state), to evaluate the effectiveness of designed guidelines regarding advanced neonatal resuscitation for midwives during the period November 2020–January 2021. Methods: Data were collected using two tools: semi‐structured questionnaire and checklist. The number of the respondents to the questionnaire is 75 nurses. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 22). Data were expressed as percentages. The results show that the level of knowledge is improved significantly after training programme interventions, with safe practice reaching (98.70%) compared with a pre‐test percentage of (11.5%). This indicates a steep rise in safe practice after the simulation section, a sharp decrease in unsafe practice after the practical section, followed by subsequent decrease in neonatal mortality rate. This paper has been guided by (STROBE, cohort study) checklist. Results: The study concluded that the majority of nurses and midwives have some knowledge regarding advanced neonatal resuscitation but still, there is a practice gap because of a shortage of facilities and lack of training, However, training programmes do add value on knowledge and practice for nurses and eventually decrease neonatal mortality rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, emotional and follow‐up burden of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries among clinical nurses. Background: needle‐stick injures introduce statistically significant occupational hazards to healthcare workers. Although the large proportion of the needles injuries attributed to insulin injection, research evidence about the prevalence, emotional and follow‐up burden of such injures is lacking. Design: Cross‐sectional study. Methods: 5389 nurses were recruited from 45 hospitals in Shaanxi, China, from November 2018 to July 2019. Participants were administrated with a questionnaire specifically developed for this study. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings. Results: All 5,389 nurses responded to the survey, of which 396 (7.4%) participants experienced 620 insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries in the past year, representing an annual prevalence of 115.0 per 1000 nurses. The annual prevalence of infection caused by the injuries was 18.7 per 1000 nurses. The injuries occurred most frequently when nurses were recapping the needle (42.4%). In the majority (98.4%) of the injuries, the hurt nurses took proper immediate actions. However, only 30.3% of nurses reported the injuries to the administrative staff, and in 43.2% of the injuries, the nurses refused or discontinued the suggested follow‐up. A large proportion (58.6%) of the hurt nurses experienced emotional changes. Multivariate logistic regression showed that department, removing and/or setting back needle caps with bare hands, frequency of insulin pen and syringes are associated with the incidence of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries. This paper is reported following the STROBE recommendations. Conclusions: This survey demonstrated a considerably high prevalence of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries among clinical nurses. Even though the majority of the hurt nurses took proper immediate actions, a large quantity of them failed to report the accidents to the administrative staff and complete the suggested follow‐up. Nurses who suffered from insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries were subject to various negative emotional changes. It portends a statistically significant risk to occupational health management for nurses. Relevance to clinical practice: Scientific preventive and management strategies are desirable in order to minimize the consequences of insulin injection‐related needle‐stick injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this paper was to translate the English version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale into Mandarin and to test the psychometric properties of the Mandarin version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale. Design: This research is a cross‐sectional survey, using convenience sampling. Methods: The English version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale was translated into Mandarin Chinese. From June–August 2020, 736 inpatients from 50 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou were recruited to assess the psychometric attributes of the Inpatient Dignity Scale. Results: The Mandarin version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale consists of expectation and satisfaction subscales. It differs from the English language version, as the expectation subscale includes three dimensions and the satisfaction subscale includes two dimensions. The total Cronbach alpha coefficient of the expectation subscale and the satisfaction subscale were.820 and.965, respectively, and the split‐half reliability of the expectation subscale and the satisfaction subscale were 0.740 and 0.928, respectively, indicating good internal consistency and effectiveness. Known‐groups validity was established, as 70% of the hypotheses were supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to develop a tool to measure paediatric specialist nurses' core competencies and examine the scale's validity and reliability. Design: An exploratory quantitative study. Methods: This study was performed in April 2022 with 302 paediatric specialist nurses in mainland China. Items were created through a literature review, a qualitative interview, and the Delphi method. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, independent sample t‐test, explanatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split‐half reliability. Results: The final scale consisted of five factors and 32 items. The factors were communication, coordination and judgement abilities; professional technology mastery ability; specialist knowledge mastery ability; medical‐related processes; and evidence‐based nursing competencies. The explained total variance of the five factors was 62.216%. The scale‐level and item‐level CVI of this scale was 1.00, and the mean CVR of the total scale was 0.788. The Pearson correlation coefficients of each dimension and the total dimension of the scale was 0.709–0.892, and within each dimension, it was 0.435–0.651. The Cronbach's α of this scale was 0.944, and its split‐half reliability was 0.883. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this analysis was to assess the prevalence of clinical features, comorbidities, complications and treatment options in the patients with COVID‐19 and compare incidence of these clinical data in severe and non‐severe patients. Design: Systemic review and Meta‐analysis. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Sciences databases were searched to identify relevant papers until 20 July 2020. All studies comparing clinical data of severe and non‐severe patients of COVID‐19 were included. Heterogeneity across included studies was determined using Cochrane's Q test and the I2 statistic. Results were expressed as odds ratio with accompanying 95% confidence intervals. Results: Twelve studies with 3,046 patients were included. The result showed the most prevalent clinical symptoms were fever 88.3%, cough 62.2%, fatigue 39.5% and dyspnoea 31.5%. Further meta‐analysis showed incidence of fever, cough, fatigue and dyspnoea was higher in severe patients. The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension 22.6%, diabetes 11.5%, cardiovascular disease 10.3% and cancer 2.5%. We found that compared with non‐severe patients, the symptoms, existing comorbidities and complications are prevalent in severe COVID‐19 patients. Future well‐methodologically designed studies from other populations are strongly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate whether resilience mediates the connection between caregiver burden and hope among caregivers of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: Two hundred patients with IBD were conveniently sampled from two tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. The main instruments involved the Zarit Burden Interview, the 10‐item Connor‐Davidson resilience scale, and the Herth Hope Index. We conducted descriptive analysis and Pearson correlations using SPSS 25.0. The PROCESS v3.3 macro analysed the mediating effect. We report the results in line with the STROBE checklist. Results: Caregiver burden was significantly negatively connected with hope and resilience, whereas resilience positively correlated with hope. The mediation role of resilience was significant in the relationship between caregiver burden and hope, with mediating effects accounting for 47.86% of the overall effect. Conclusions: Resilience partially mediates the association between caregiver burden and hope among patients with IBD. This finding highlights the protective role of resilience in undermining caregiver burden and strengthening hope. Implications for Practice: In clinical practice, healthcare providers should perform routine psychological assessments for caregivers of patients with IBD. Furthermore, resilience training should be incorporated into interventions to alleviate caregiver burden and enhance hope. Patient or Public Contribution: None. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the correlations between examination tolerance and anxiety, knowledge needs and examination cooperation in sedation‐free gastroscopy examinees. Design: Cross‐sectional survey using convenience sampling. Methods: A total of 170 healthy adults who underwent sedation‐free gastroenteroscopy were asked to complete a visual analogue scale (VAS) to rate their examination tolerance, the state anxiety questionnaire (S‐AI), a newly designed knowledge needs questionnaire and a cooperation questionnaire. Results: The VAS score was 4.47 ± 1.96, the state anxiety score was 39.46 ± 9.81, the total score for knowledge needs was 44.89 ± 11.02, and the average cooperation score was 2.47 ± 0.38. The VAS score during the examination positively correlated with the pretest state anxiety score and pretest knowledge needs score and negatively correlated with the examination cooperation score. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that after undergoing the examination for the first time, anxiety, body position and swallowing control were the main factors influencing the examination tolerance of sedation‐free gastroscopy examinees. Patient or Public Contribution: We would like to thank the staff and patients of the participating hospital for their assistance and cooperation in performing the current study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To investigate the relationships among communication competence, professional autonomy and clinical reasoning and to identify the factors that influence clinical reasoning competence in oncology nurses. Design: Cross‐sectional descriptive design. Methods: Participants included 147 oncology nurses with more than a year of clinical experience in cancer wards. The Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale, Schutzenhofer Professional Autonomy Scale and Nurses Clinical Reasoning Scale (NCRS) were used to collect data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐test, one‐way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: Communication competence (r = 0.59) and professional autonomy (r = 0.46) showed significant positive relationships with clinical reasoning competence. Clinical experience, communication competence, age and professional autonomy were statistically significant predictors and explained 48.6% of clinical reasoning competence. Conclusions: The clinical reasoning competence of oncology nurses increases proportionally with their communication competence and professional autonomy. Therefore, oncology nurses must reinforce their communication competence and professional autonomy to enhance their clinical reasoning competence. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: The reinforcement of communication competence and professional autonomy is necessary for oncology nurses to enhance their clinical reasoning competence. In order to improve nurses' communication competence, practical‐focused communication education programmes must be designed and deployed systematically and periodically. In addition, to increase nurses' professional autonomy, it is necessary to expand their clinical experiences through the regular rotation of working units and to make institutional efforts to retain experienced nurses. Reporting Method: We have adhered to STROBE checklist. Patient or Public Contribution: Participants in the study were recruited online. They were informed of the study's purpose, method and usability and the survey could only be conducted if they consented to participate voluntarily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Internationalization at Home (IaH) strategies play an important role in nursing curricula to enhance nursing students' cultural awareness in the globalized world. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) is a theoretical framework for the optimal design of online learning environments to support critical inquiry and discourse among students and teachers. To optimise nursing students' online cultural awareness learning experiences, it was timely to develop online IaH strategies based on a sound theoretical model. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of CoI‐guided online IaH strategies on enhancing the cultural awareness of nursing undergraduates who enrolled in a community nursing course. Design: This was an interventional pre‐test post‐test study. Method: One hundred and six nursing undergraduates who enrolled in the course participated in the study. The online IaH strategies were developed focusing on the interactions of teaching presence, cognitive presence and social presence of CoI framework and they were integrated into the course. A previously validated Cultural Awareness Scale was adopted for pre‐post evaluation. Higher scores indicate greater cultural awareness. Results: The results showed that there was a significantly higher total score of cultural awareness of participating students at post‐online IaH strategies. To be effective, aligning CoI‐guided online IaH strategies with course content, pedagogy and assessment was shown to be significant. The inclusion of technological elements in related strategies was also critical to engage student learning. The positive change on the total score of cultural awareness suggested the effectiveness of the deployed strategies. In this ever‐changing educational landscape, it may provide insights to educators regarding considering online IaH strategies with theoretical underpinning for curriculum planning and design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore enablers and barriers to the creation of an oral health training for care workers at specialized centres for children with disabilities in Ouagadougou. Design: This was a formative study informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework using qualitative methods. Methods: Qualitative observations and 14 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with care workers from six specialized centres for disability. Results: Carer workers emphasized that a successful oral health training must account for available resources and competencies in each specific centre. Part of the training must be dedicated to oral hygiene targeted for people with disabilities and provide knowledge about risk factor management. Care workers must be empowered through the training with practical skills and tools to manage regular toothbrushing and identify oral health needs of their dependents. Conclusion: This study gathered valuable and unique perspectives about the roles of care workers of children with disabilities in Ouagadougou and underscores the need for improving access to oral health and care services for children with disabilities in low‐resourced settings. Implications for Patient Care: Teams planning oral health promotion activities in low resourced settings for vulnerable population groups can benefit from the methodology and results of this research for ensuring their interventions are appropriate and relevant. Impact: This is a unique field study conducted in a scarcely researched area of caregiving practices for children with disabilities in a low‐income country, Burkina Faso. Results from the disability centre observations and interviews with local caregivers are of great value to any team planning health projects in similar low‐resourced settings. Psychiatric and mental health nursing practices are highly context‐dependent, thus using proposed qualitative methods can help to ensure that planned interventions are appropriate and relevant. Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient contribution in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To analyse the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Chinese Short‐Form Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ‐SF) among nursing students in the Chinese mainland. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: A total of 240 undergraduate nursing students were recruited from a school of nursing in Beijing, China from 25 to 30 April 2021. FFMQ‐SF and Depression‐Anxiety‐Stress Scale were used to collect information on the mindfulness level and mental health status of the study participants. Descriptive analyses were performed to examine the demographic characteristics. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to test the structural, convergent and discriminant validity of the scale model. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the variables and the criterion validity. Results: The overall fit of the scale model is good (Bollen–Stine χ2 = 177.206, df = 142, GFI = 0.923, AGFI = 0.883, TLI = 0.980, CFI = 0.983, RMSEA = 0.032, SRMR = 0.090). One‐factor models using CFA demonstrated the overall best fit for four out of five subscales of the FFMQ‐SF. In the five‐factor CFA of the FFMQ‐SF, the composite reliability values of the five factors were from 0.685 to 0.870 and the values of average variance extracted were from 0.426 to 0.627. Patient or Public Contribution: The students who participated in this study contributed to the advancement of knowledge on mindfulness and mental health among nursing students in China. They voluntarily completed the online questionnaires and provided their honest and valid responses. Their data was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the FFMQ‐SF and to examine the relationship between mindfulness and psychological problems. Their feedback also helped to improve the quality and applicability of the FFMQ‐SF instrument for future research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study adopted the qualitative research method, aiming to explore the learning experience of nursing graduate professional curricula in China from the perspective of students and provided a basis for the continuous improvement of nursing graduate training. Design: A qualitative study. Methods: A purposive sampling method was employed to conduct semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 14 nursing master's students enrolled in professional curricula from September 03, 2021, to December 8, 2022. The Colaizzi seven‐step analysis method was utilized for data analysis, summarization and extraction. Results: Four themes emerged from the study findings: (i) The study of professional curricula is the cornerstone of scientific research work, but it is relatively boring; (ii) The teaching methods and assessment methods of postgraduate education need to be diversified; (iii) The postgraduate education needs to increase the study time of specialized courses and highlight the specialty characteristics; (iv) the study of professional curricula can enhance the comprehensive ability of postgraduate students. Conclusion: The study of professional curricula for post‐graduate nursing students plays an important role in the development of post‐graduate research and can statistically significant improve their comprehensive ability, but there are some problems such as boring courses, single teaching assessment methods and insufficient time. In the future teaching reform, it is necessary to highlight the specialty characteristics of nursing scientific research, optimize curriculum education and improve students' scientific research knowledge and thinking. Patient and Public Contributions: We thank all participants for their valuable input throughout the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To (a) compare student nurses' health status and levels of ergonomics knowledge and awareness to those of first‐year nursing staff and (b) investigate the association between nurses' ergonomic compliance and health status with their educational preparedness. Design: This cohort study compared ergonomics awareness and knowledge, and health status of nurses when they were students and after their first‐year working in medical facilities. Methods: In total, 133 4th‐year student nurses completed a survey; 45 of them completed a second survey after working 1 year in a medical facility. Their health status was compared over time using repeated‐measures ANOVA. Correlation tests were used to analyse associations between ergonomics knowledge and awareness, health status, demographic variables and educational preparedness. Results: Respondents in both surveys displayed weak knowledge of ergonomic principles significantly associated with increased pain intensity and educational preparedness. Patient contribution: Ergonomics training should be expanded during nursing studies and first‐year training to prevent long‐term health disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To explore Registered Nurses' motives to undergo specialist training and to choose a particular speciality. Design: A descriptive qualitative interview study. Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted during 2021 with 20 Swedish specialist nurse students from different specialisation areas. Qualitative content analysis was used. The COREQ checklist was used to report the study. Results: Specialist nurse students' motivations for further training were divided into three main categories with two sub‐categories each. The main categories were 'toward new challenges and conditions in work life', 'contributions to the development and higher competencies in health care' and 'personal work and life experiences as ground for choice'. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the importance of motivating factors in the career choices of Specialist nurse students, such as personal challenges, desirable working conditions, career growth opportunities and personal experiences in the career choices. Creating a supportive work environment that helps to prioritise work‐life balance and offers the development of new skills might help retain nurses. No Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution was used. However, if more nurses would choose to undergo specialist training, especially in areas facing significant shortages, it would most likely lead to improved health‐related outcomes for patients or populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To examine the relationship between general self‐efficacy and nursing practice competence for nurses in the second year of employment. Design: A cross‐sectional design was used. Data Sources: The study included 596 nurses in their second year of employment at 75 medical facilities across Japan and used an online questionnaire survey for data collection. Results: The covariance structure analysis showed the path from general self‐efficacy (latent variable) to nursing practice competence. Positive correlations were found between all factors on both scales. Multiple regression analysis results showed that the general self‐efficacy factors of 'positivity in behavior' and 'confidence in social competence' affect nursing practice competence. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of enhancing the general self‐efficacy of second‐year nurses to improve their nursing practice competence. To achieve this, it suggests developing strategies from the perspective of the factors that comprise general self‐efficacy. Implications for the Profession and Patient Care: The findings suggest that improving general self‐efficacy can enhance nursing practice competence, which could inform the development of interventions to support nurses in improving their competence. The study provides basic data for improving nurses' practice competence. Impact: This study is the first to establish a relationship between general self‐efficacy and nursing practice competence among second‐year nurses. It demonstrates the significance of general self‐efficacy in enhancing nursing practice competence, particularly for second‐year nurses worldwide who may be struggling with their nursing practice competence and considering leaving the profession. The findings offer practical implications for stakeholders involved in nursing education and training programs, with potential applications in professional development. Reporting Method: This manuscript adheres to the STROBE guidelines for the reporting of cross‐sectional studies. Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the current status of the core competencies and self‐directed learning ability of diabetes specialist nurses and to explore the relationship between these core competencies and their self‐directed learning ability. Design: A cross‐sectional survey design was used. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted via a web‐based questionnaire platform in China from January 14 to April 24, 2023. The survey included a general information questionnaire, a diabetes specialist nurses' core competencies self‐assessment scale, and a nursing staff's self‐directed learning ability evaluation scale. The data was collected online. Descriptive, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0 software. Results: 118 diabetes specialist nurses from 11 cities participated in this study. A positive correlation was observed between the core competencies of diabetes specialist nurses and their self‐directed learning ability. The characteristics affecting the core competencies of diabetes specialist nurses included age, participation in external learning and communication and self‐directed learning. Conclusions: The training of diabetes specialist nurses can focus on core competencies, and the ability to self‐direct learning can be used as an entry point to customize feasible theoretical and practical courses. The training system can further improve diabetes specialist nurses' core competencies and self‐directed learning abilities. Relevance to Clinical Practice: A reference can be established that nursing managers and nursing educators can use to develop training programs for specialist nurses by validating the link between their core competencies and self‐directed learning skills. Patient or Public Contribution: Participants were involved solely in the data collection process. No participant contributions were required for the study's design, outcome measurement or implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To examine changes in advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) well‐being, satisfaction and motivation over a four‐year period. Design: Longitudinal Cohort study. Methods: Surveys were carried out each year from 2019 to 2022 with the same cohort of ANPs in the United Kingdom (UK). The survey consisted of demographics, questions on contemporary issues in advanced practice, National Health Service (NHS) staff survey questions and validated questionnaires. A core set of questions were asked every year with some changes in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Results: Response rate ranged from 40% to 59% and appeared to be affected by COVID‐19. Staff satisfaction with pay and the well‐being score were stable throughout. Other questions on well‐being, job satisfaction and motivation saw statistically significant reductions after 4 years. Open‐ended questions about ongoing well‐being concerns show participants are concerned about exhaustion levels caused by workload, staffing issues, abuse from patients and colleagues' mental health. Conclusion: The findings highlight a decline in ANP well‐being, job satisfaction and motivation post‐COVID‐19. Reasons for this, explored in the qualitative data, show that ANPs have faced extremely difficult working conditions. Urgent action is required to prevent a workforce retention crisis as many nursing staff are close to retirement and may not be motivated to remain in post. Impact: This study has followed ANPs through the most challenging years the NHS has ever seen. Job satisfaction, motivation and enjoyment of the job all significantly reduced over time. In many areas, the ANP role has been used to fill medical workforce gaps, and this will become harder to do if ANPs are dissatisfied, disaffected and struggling with stress and burnout. Addressing these issues should be a priority for policymakers and managers. Patient or public contribution: None as this study focussed on staff. Staff stakeholders involved in the design and conduct of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To establish a comprehensive understanding of the roles of midwives and the challenges they encounter in the prevention, diagnosis and management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) following normal vaginal delivery. Design: We conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) recommendations. Methods: We considered studies related to the roles of midwives and the challenges they encounter in the prevention, diagnosis and management of PPH during vaginal delivery. We excluded guidelines, consensuses, abstracts of meetings and non‐English language studies. Databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Medline, Embase, JBI EBP and BIOSIS Previews, were searched on January 1, 2023, with no time limitations. Results: We included 28 publications. Midwives play important roles in the prevention, diagnosis and management of postpartum haemorrhage during vaginal delivery. In the prevention of PPH, midwives' roles include identifying and managing high‐risk factors, managing labour and implementing skin‐to‐skin contact. In the diagnosis of PPH, midwives' roles include early recognition and blood loss estimation. In the management of PPH, midwives are involved in mobilizing other professional team members, emergency management, investigating causes, enhancing uterine contractions, the repair of perineal tears, arranging transfers and preparation for surgical intervention. However, midwives face substantial challenges, including insufficient knowledge and skills, poor teamwork skills, insufficient resources and the need to deal with their negative emotions. Midwives must improve their knowledge, skills and teamwork abilities. Health care system managers and the government should give full support to midwives. Future research should focus on developing clinical practice guidelines for midwives for preventing, diagnosing and managing postpartum haemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To develop a comprehensive training course for training ICU nurses in prone positioning. Design: A mixed study combining semi‐structured interviews and two rounds of Delphi surveys. Methods: We constructed a questionnaire after collecting data through a literature review and semi‐structured interviews. We used the Delphi expert correspondence method to conduct two rounds of research among 17 experts in the field of critical illness. Data collection took place between May and August 2022. Results: The effective questionnaire recovery rate was 88.2%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.876; the Kendall coordination coefficient was 0.402; the average importance score for each index ranged from 4.00 to 4.93; and the coefficient of variation for each index ranged from 0.05 to 0.19. We established 13 second‐level indicators and 41 third‐level indicators on prone position ventilation training according to three aspects: training contents, training methods and training assessment. The training system of prone mechanical ventilation for ICU nurses established in this study will provide an effective framework for training and evaluating the practical ability of prone mechanical ventilation for ICU nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To test the psychometric properties of the Finnish version of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale and explore nurses' professional autonomy along with which characteristics are related to it. Design: An instrument validation and a descriptive cross‐sectional study. Methods: The web‐based survey was conducted in September 2021 at two university hospitals in Finland. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to explore the factor structure of the modified instrument, while Cronbach's α coefficients were calculated to determine the reliability of the scale. Descriptive univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine Registered Nurses' professional autonomy. The study followed STROBE guidelines. Results: During the validation process, the 30 items of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale were reduced to 25 items. The S‐CVI/Ave for the translated scale was 0.94. When one additional item was omitted from the EFA, the results supported five factors, which explained 45.9% of the total variance. The mean overall autonomy score was 3.63 out of 5, with readiness and empowerment the subscales with the highest and lowest, respectively, mean values. The linear regression models showed that age, nursing experience, unit type, education, shift, and perceptions of the importance of professional autonomy were related to the subscales describing professional autonomy. Conclusion: The psychometric testing provided evidence that the translated instrument was reliable. Nurses assessed that they are skilled professionals who are accountable for their actions. However, they experienced rather low levels of professional autonomy in empowerment and valuation. Health care organizations should consider this through authentic leadership and, thus, possibly strengthen professional autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Advance Care Planning Readiness Scale (ACPRS‐C) within the context of community‐dwelling older adults with chronic diseases residing in suburban counties in China. Design: Descriptive, cross‐sectional survey. Method s : The research method employed in this study is characterized as a methodological study. Self‐reported survey data were collected among community‐dwelling older adults with chronic diseases residing in suburban counties in China. Including the following psychometric characteristics, item analysis was performed using the decision value method and Pearson's correlation analysis. Content validity was assessed through expert panel evaluation. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was determined by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and corrected item‐total correlation. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was utilized to assess the construct validity of the ACPRS‐C. Results: A total of 228 older adults participated in this psychometric study from August to October 2023. The item content validity index ranged from 0.80 to 1.00, while the scale content validity index was 0.945. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.931), and the correlation between items and total score was satisfactory. The structural validity was deemed robust (CFA model fit: chi‐square/df = 1.121, comparative fit index = 0.992). Conclusion: The ACPRS‐C is a scale with strong psychometric properties to assess the ACP readiness within the context of community‐dwelling older adults with chronic diseases residing in suburban counties in China. Its reliability and validity hold considerable significance for both research and clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) nursing has become more prominent with the increase in chronic HIV infections. This study examined articles related to HIV nursing to determine how the profession has developed and its future direction. Design: A bibliometric analysis was conducted. Methods: HIV nursing‐related articles published in the Web of Science core collection between 1999 and 2022 were searched. VOSviewer was used to identify the contributions of countries, institutions and authors in HIV‐related care. Collaborative maps, hot topics and keywords trends were analysed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. Results: A total of 1513 publications were extracted. An increase in articles published between 1999 and 2012 was observed. After 2012, the increase in the number of publications was relatively stable. Since 2016, a downward trend in the number of publications has occurred. The USA, South Africa and the UK were the leading contributors to publications related to HIV nursing. The focus of the HIV nursing research has gradually shifted from "HIV infection", "risk factors", and "transmission routes" to "social support", "depression", and "public health". The result shows that increased collaboration among countries/regions can improve the development of HIV nursing and effectively reduce the global HIV infection rate. The mental health of patients has become a research centre in the field of HIV nursing. This study provides direction in clinical practice and future research areas in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to: (1) use cognitive task analysis to describe final year nursing students situation awareness in recognising, responding and escalating care of deteriorating patients in ward settings; and (2) make recommendations for training and practice. Design: A mixed methods cognitive task analysis with a convergent triangulation design. Method: Data collection involved observations of 33 final year nursing students in simulated deteriorating patient scenarios and retrospective cognitive interviews. A process tracing technique was applied to identify the cues to deterioration participants perceived; how cue perception altered as situational demands increased; the extent that participants made connections between perceived cues and reached a situational understanding; and the factors that influenced and constrained participants situation awareness. Qualitative and quantitative findings are woven together and presented using descriptive statistics, illustrative quotations and timeline extractions. Results: The median cue perception was 65.4% and 57.6% in the medical and surgical scenarios, respectively. Perception was negatively influenced by incomplete vital sign monitoring as situations escalated; limited physical assessments; passive scanning behaviours; poor task automaticity; and excessive cognitive demands. Incomplete perception, poor cue integration and underdeveloped mental models influenced situational understanding. Escalation calls did not always accurately reflect situations and a reporting mindset was evident. Clinical exposure to deteriorating patients was described as variable and opportunistic. Reporting Method: The study is reported in accordance with the Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist. Patient or Public Contribution: Patients and public were not involved in this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study focuses on the fathers of children with chronic illnesses in an effort to clarify how the stressor and the father's sense of coherence (SOC) influence their mental health and how the father's SOC is associated with the social support. Design: Cross‐sectional study. Methods: We conducted a self‐reported questionnaire survey of 137 respondents (51 fathers of children with chronic illnesses, 86 fathers of healthy children) were statistically using ANOVA. Results: The fathers' stressor was significantly related to their SOC. Furthermore, the SOC of the fathers majorly influenced their mental health, while having a buffering effect on the stressor with respect to depression. And their SOC was significantly positively associated with the social support. Our findings underscore that father's SOC has a buffering effect on self‐mental health and is important for maintaining mental health and enhancing SOC to reduce the stressors of these fathers with respect to depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the relationship among emotional intelligence (EI), resilience and academic procrastination (AP), and provide suggestions for the development of targeted intervention strategies and lowering of AP level of nursing undergraduates. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: Three provincial universities offering nursing courses in China were investigated in this study. A convenience sample of 256 nursing undergraduates from May 2021 to September 2021 were recruited, with a response rate of 91.4%. Data were collected using face‐to‐face interviews. The survey tools included the General Information Questionnaire, Academic Procrastination Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale and Resilience Scale. IBM SPSS v19.0 and Amos 22.0 were used for data analysis. Results: The AP of sampled nursing undergraduates was at the middle level (54.4 ± 21.5). The AP of nursing undergraduates was negatively correlated with EI and resilience. Moreover, the analysis on the mediating role of resilience via structural equation model showed a good fit, with χ2/df = 2.34, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.99, GFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.98. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To describe sources of health information and health‐seeking behaviours of adults (aged ≥18) living in medically underserved communities in the Philippines. Design: This is a secondary, quantitative analysis from a cross‐sectional parent study. Participants completed a 10‐item, self‐report survey on their sources of health information, healthcare providers sought for health and wellness and health‐seeking behaviours when ill. Responses were evaluated across two age groups (<60 vs. ≥60 years) and genders using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Surveys were completed by 1202 participants in rural settings (64.6% female, mean age 49.5 ± 17.6). Friends and/or family were their key source of health information (59.6%), followed by traditional media (37%) and healthcare professionals (12.2%). For health promotion, participants went to healthcare professionals (60.9%), informal healthcare providers (17.2%) or others (7.2%). When ill, they visited a healthcare professional 69.1% of the time, self‐medicated (43.9%), prayed (39.5%) or sought treatment from a rural health clinic (31.5%). We also found differences in health‐seeking behaviours based on age and gender. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need to organize programs that explicitly deliver accurate health information and adequate care for wellness and illness. Study findings emphasize the importance of integrating family, friends, media and healthcare professionals, including public health nurses, to deliver evidence‐based health information, health promotion and sufficient treatment to medically underserved Filipinos. Implications: New knowledge provides valuable information to healthcare providers, including public health nurses, in addressing health disparities among medically underserved Filipinos. Impact: This study addresses the current knowledge gap in a medically vulnerable population. Healthcare professionals are not the primary sources of health information. Approximately one‐third of participants do not seek them for health promotion or treatment even when ill, exacerbating health inequities. More work is necessary to support initiatives in low‐ and middle‐income countries such as the Philippines to reduce health disparities. Reporting Method: We adhered to the reporting guidelines of STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) for cross‐sectional studies. Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient or public contribution as our study design and methodology do not make this necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between fear of COVID‐19 and mental health of nurses and the effects of psychological capital and burnout in this relation. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: The online surveys were conducted among mainland Chinese nurses. Participants (n = 445; average age 32.89 ± 6.76 years) completed an online‐questionnaire based on the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale, the Psychological Capital Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Professionals Scale and the 12‐Item Short Form Health Survey. Data analysis was conducted by Pearson's correlation analysis, Harman single‐factor test and the bootstrap method for mediating effect testing. Results: (1) The study demonstrated a significant direct effect of fear of COVID‐19 on nurses' mental health, as well as on mediating factors such as burnout and psychological capital. (2) Regression analyses confirmed that while psychological capital bolstered mental health, burnout undermined it, with fear of COVID‐19 further imposing a negative influence. (3) Fear of COVID‐19 exerted an effect on the mental health of nurses by the independent and chain intermediary functions of psychological capital and burnout, resulting in a total mediating effect of −0.233. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to understand the factors that contribute to the development of the nursing associate professional identity. Design: A 3‐year longitudinal qualitative study of trainee nursing associates. Methods: Trainee nursing associates in England were interviewed remotely annually in February 2020, March 2021 and March 2022. They also provided diary entries. Data were anonymised, transcribed and analysed thematically. Results: Nursing associate professional identity was developed through: increased knowledge, skills and responsibility; and self‐perceptions of identity alongside responses to the role by colleagues. Tensions arose when the scope of practice expected by organisations differed from that expected by the nursing associates. Frustrations occurred when nursing associates were perceived as substitutes for Registered Nurses in the context of nursing workforce shortages. Conclusion: Nursing associates in this study clearly valued their new knowledge, skills and responsibility, enabling them to provide enhanced patient care. Increased clarity of role boundaries is necessary in enhancing the professional identity of nursing associates and reducing inter‐professional tensions arising from role ambiguity within health and social care organisations. Implications for the Profession: National guidance and employers should provide clarity on the boundaries of the nursing associate role which will strengthen their professional identity and mitigate role ambiguity within health and social care organisations. Reporting Method: The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research has been used to guide reporting. Patient of Public Contribution: A patient and public involvement group was consulted during the initial study design stage. Impact: This study aimed to understand the factors which contribute to the development of a nursing associate professional identity.Nursing associate professional identity is developed through increased knowledge, skills and responsibility, and the perceptions of identity by participants themselves and their colleagues.The findings should inform the implementation of initiatives to clarify nursing associate role boundaries and the development of similar roles internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe intensive care nurses' conceptions of participating during the donation after circulatory death (DCD) process in intensive care units in Sweden. Design: A qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach. Methods: In total, 12 semi‐structured interviews were conducted in April 2022 with intensive care nurses from three hospitals. Data were analysed using a phenomenographic approach. Results: Conceptions of participating during the DCD process varied. Four main themes emerged: DCD as a system; Intensive care nurses' role in the situation; Life to death to life; The essence of DCD. Variations emerged regarding what the informants talked about and how they talked about the what. Variations were based on informants' perspective of their role in relation to the structure and the team, and their conceptions of care for patients and their relatives. Conclusion: The findings illustrated success factors and challenges. Knowledge, experience, distinct structure, and relationship with relatives, among other factors, were described as success factors, while a lack of experience, difficulty in prognosing death, and organisational obstacles emerged as challenges. Furthermore, the findings showed that intensive care nurses play an important role in optimising the outcome of the DCD process. Their work related to DCD was conceived as being meaningful to fulfil more peoples' wishes to donate organs. Impact: People on the waiting list for organ transplantation are dying due to a shortage of organs. The implementation of DCD, as a complement to Donation after Brain Death (DBD), contributed to an increase in the number of organ donors, and intensive care nurses play an important role during the DCD process. Previous research manifests the complexity concerning their role. There is a lack of nursing research regarding intensive care nurses' conceptions of what it means to participate in the DCD process, which emphasises the significance of this study. Reporting Method: This study is reported using consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (SRQR). Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe the preparation of children for day surgery from the parent's viewpoint. Design: Empirical Research Mixed Method. Methods: The research applied a mixed‐methods study design. The study was conducted at the Paediatric Day Surgical Department of one REDACTED between 2018 and 2020 at the same time as an associated randomised controlled conduct trial. Parents of 41 children (ages 2–6 years) completed measures assessing their preparation for day surgery and satisfaction with the procedure. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 parents to better understand their experiences. Results: According to the results, most of the parents (95%) told their children about the upcoming day surgery procedure. The child was prepared for the surgery with cognitive and sensory information, and the preparation usually started at home well before the surgery. The parents' experiences with the most critical aspects of preparing their child included three main categories: (1) usability of the preparation method; (2) content and timing of the preparation method and (3) consideration of the family perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to investigate how Lebanese nursing students perceive the challenges of implementing person‐centered care in clinical settings. Design: A qualitative descriptive design was adopted for this study. Methods: At one of Lebanon's top universities, a qualitative descriptive study design was used with 18 nursing students from various academic levels. Content analysis was used to generate the results after three focus group discussions. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research were used to report this study. Results: The content analysis gave rise to four main themes, namely, "overload", "challenges with education", "unawareness", "establishing connection", and "lack of initiatives related to policy". The results showed a number of obstacles that Lebanese nursing students believed were in the path of providing person‐centered care. These obstacles included organisational issues like time restraints and an intense workload, as well as interaction difficulties with patients and healthcare teams, and educational issues like insufficient instruction in person‐centered care concepts during nursing programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Emergency nurses work in an environment of high cognitive mental workload. Excessive cognitive mental workload may result in patient harm and nurses' burnout. Therefore, it is necessary to understand nurses' subjective experience of cognitive workload. This scoping review aimed to curate literature about the subjective experience of cognitive mental workload reported by nurses and psychometric measures of the phenomenon. Design: The scoping review was conducted in accordance with JBI methodology and reported using PRISMA extension for scoping review checklist. Methods: A priori protocol was created with Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies checklist and registered in the OSF registry. Databases including PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched. Published reports were reviewed against the eligibility criteria by performing Title and Abstract screening, followed by Full‐text screening. The initial search yielded 1373 studies. Of these, 57 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Results: The search revealed five general measures of cognitive mental workload and their variations. Only one customised measure specifically for medical–surgical nurses was found in the study. Identified measures were collated and categorised into a framework for conceptual clarity. NASA Task Load Index and its variations were the most popular subjective measure of cognitive mental workload in nursing. However, no measure or self‐report scale customised for emergency nurses was identified. Patient or Public Contribution: The findings of this scoping review can inform future research into the cognitive mental workload of nurses. The findings have implications for workplace health and safety for nurses and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Changes to the wound dressing frequently cause pain. Some adverse side effects of pharmacologic pain management may cause problems or even impede wound healing. There is no systematic study of non‐pharmacologic therapies for pain during wound dressing changes, despite the gradual promotion of non‐pharmacologic pain reduction methods. Objective s : To give clinical wound pain management a new direction, locating and assessing non‐pharmacological interventions regarding pain brought on by wound dressing changes are necessary. Method: The researchers conducted a comprehensive literature review on non‐pharmacological interventions for pain during wound dressing changes across five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library spanning the period from January 2010 to September 2022. The evaluation of literature and data extraction was carried out independently by two researchers, and in cases of disagreement, a third researcher participated in the deliberation. To assess the risk of bias in the literature, the researchers utilised the Cochrane Handbook for Reviews of Interventions, version 5.1.0. Results: In total, 951 people were involved in 11 investigations covering seven non‐pharmacological therapies. For pain triggered by dressing changes, virtual reality (VR) distraction, auditory and visual distractions, foot reflexology, religious and spiritual care, and guided imaging demonstrated partially positive effects, with hypnosis therapy and jaw relaxation perhaps having a weak effect. Conclusion: The key to managing wounds is pain management. According to our review, there is some indication that non‐pharmacologic interventions can help patients feel less discomfort when having their wound dressings changed. However, the evidence supporting this view is weak. It needs to be corroborated by future research studies with multicentre and large samples. To promote and use various non‐pharmacologic interventions in the future, it is also necessary to build standardised and homogenised paths for their implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the level of agreement between the SEM 200 and Provisio® subepidermal moisture sacral delta measurements, which may indicate increased pressure injury risk, in healthy adults during 120 min of prolonged 60° head of bed elevation. This position, which requires the elevation of the patient's upper body at a 60° angle above the horizontal plane for an extended period, is used by clinicians to prevent or manage a patient's medical or surgical conditions. Design: This prospective exploratory study recruited 20 healthy adults during October 2021 and collected sacral subepidermal moisture delta measurements using the SEM 200 and Provisio® devices. Methods: Delta measurements were taken at 20‐min intervals over 120 min resulting in seven data collection timepoints. Descriptive statistics and a Bland Altman plot analysis were conducted. Results: A total of 280 sacral subepidermal moisture delta measurements were gathered or 140 per device. There were good levels of agreement between the two devices at baseline (T0) [mean 0.025; SD 0.137] and following 60‐ (T3) [mean 0.025; SD 0.111], 80‐ (T4) [mean −0.01; SD 0.177] and 100 min (T5) [mean 0.01; SD 0.129] of prolonged 60° head of bed elevation. Head of bed elevations can increase a patient's risk of sacral pressure injuries. In some countries, nurses have access to the SEM 200 and/or the Provisio® device, so our findings may increase nurses' confidence in the interchangeability of the device measurements, although further research is needed to confirm this. The SEM 200 and Provisio® subepidermal moisture scanners show promise in gathering similar objective pressure injury risk data which could prompt clinicians to implement prevention strategies. Impact: Current pressure injury risk assessment is largely subjective in nature. This quantitative study on healthy human sacral tissue found a good level of agreement in the SEM 200 and Provisio® subepidermal moisture scanners, which may increase nurses' confidence in the interchangeability of the devices in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We explored midwives' experiences and challenges in providing maternity care during the period of the first surge of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Dodoma. Design: Phenomenological study design was used to explore midwives' experiences and challenges in providing maternity care during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tanzania. Methods: We conducted interviews with a total of 23 midwives, using semi‐structured interviews and an audio recorder. Five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted. To analyse the data, we used interpretive phenomenological thematic data analysis with NVivo software. To analyse templates, we followed a step‐by‐step process, starting with familiarizing ourselves with the data, followed by preliminary coding, organizing themes, developing an initial coding template, using the initial template, refining the template and finally applying it to the entire dataset. Results: It was found that three themes and eight subthemes merged in the current study. The main themes were ① mental health distress, ② work environment challenges and ③ isolation of midwives by different groups. Public Contribution: Reducing risk and protecting midwives from infectious diseases will improve the workforce, reduce the number of hospital stays, reduce the cost of hospital services, improve birth outcomes and indirectly improve family, community and national economies. Conclusion: Due to the system's failure to provide psychological support, protective environment and isolation rooms for confirmed or suspected cases put midwives at a higher risk of contracting the virus and had to work in a stressful environment. In addition to having the right tools, midwives must also receive emotional and psychological support in order to be at their best. The system must ensure that midwives are ready for uncertain times, such as pandemic infectious disease outbreaks, by providing protective work place environment such as personal protective equipment, psychological support and isolation room for confirmed COVID‐19 cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Moral courage among healthcare workers has been extensively studied. However, few studies have been conducted on oncology specialist nurses, who frequently encounter complex moral situations. This study aimed to describe the current situation regarding moral courage and explored its influence on oncology specialist nurses in China. Design: This was an exploratory, descriptive study. Methods: A convenience sample of 390 nurses was conducted from 15 hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, between March and May 2023. Participants were assessed using the Moral Distress Scale‐Revised, Nurses' Moral Courage Scale and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire. Results: The results demonstrated that moral courage was negatively associated with moral distress, and positively associated with moral sensitivity. Having a master's degree or above, an intermediate title or senior title, medical ethics training, moral distress or moral sensitivity contributed to explaining 54.1% of the variance in moral courage. Conclusions: Moral courage was associated with several factors. Developing clinical intervention strategies and effective teaching methods will be critical for improving moral courage. No Patient or Public Contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has had a substantial effect on frontline health care workers and caused public health nurses (PHNs) to come under various forms of pressure. PHNs face high‐risk challenges in their work environment, and their professional commitment and adaptability are key concerns. The aim of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of PHNs during the COVID‐19 outbreak. Methods/Design: Twenty PHNs who worked during the COVID‐19 outbreak were recruited from seven public health centres through posters. Data were collected through in‐depth interviews that comprised semi‐structured and open‐ended questions; subsequently, the data were analysed through content analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from the study findings, namely (1) the disorderliness of COVID‐19 pandemic prevention work, (2) managing stress and fear, and (3) the establishment of a new normal. Because of the severity of the pandemic, the workload and stress associated with epidemic prevention policies continue to increase. PHNs may infect their family members and experience a sense of alienation and distance. They must also deal with irrationality and reactions in the people within their community. Conclusion: Health department directors and policymakers should provide the necessary support and assistance to frontline pandemic prevention workers to increase the efficiency of pandemic prevention efforts. Patient or Public Contribution: The participants agreed to participate in the qualitative study during the study period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study is to investigate the current status of knowledge, attitude and self‐reported practice in hospice care among nurses in Hainan, China, and then to analyse its influencing factors and mediating effects. This provides a basis for formulating scientific and standardized hospice care training programmes for nurses. Methods: This cross‐sectional study investigated knowledge, attitude and self‐reported practice in hospice care among 1819 nurses in Hainan, China. Convenience sampling was used to select participants from 45 hospitals and nursing homes in 14 cities and counties from October to December 2021. A scale of knowledge, attitude and self‐reported practice of healthcare providers in hospice care (Chinese version) was administered to collect data during the study period. Statistical analyses, including t‐tests, one‐way ANOVA, post‐hoc analysis and multiple linear regression, assessed the status of knowledge, attitude and self‐reported practice of hospice care in nurses and identified influencing factors. The PROCESS macro program model 4.0 was employed to explore the mediating effect of attitude on knowledge and self‐reported practice in hospice care. Results: Nurses in Hainan displayed low knowledge (mean = 7.68, SD = 3.53), moderate attitudes (mean = 88.13, SD = 12.10) and self‐reported practice (mean = 51.81, SD = 9.82) in hospice care. Current employment and willingness to engage in hospice care were significant factors influencing knowledge, attitude and self‐reported practice in hospice care. Attitude partially mediated the relationship between knowledge and self‐reported practice. Patient or Public Contribution: This study focuses on nurses' knowledge, attitude and self‐reported practice in hospice care and does not directly involve patients or the public. However, the findings enhance hospice care provided to patients and the broader community by improving nurses' knowledge and skills. This study informs evidence‐based training programmes and interventions, benefiting those in need of hospice care services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The study aims to provide insights into the key predictors of grit both before, during and throughout a common crisis event, where other more individualised challenges may not provide these insights. Design: A repeated cross‐sectional design. Methods: Data were collected via an anonymous questionnaire among n = 818 (20.8% response rate) nursing students who were undertaking a three‐year baccalaureate degree. Data collection occurred in the mid‐year break of 2019, 2020 and 2021. The online questionnaire, which examined student demographics, personality, locus of control‐4, general self‐efficacy, psychological capital and grit, took 15–25 min to complete. Data were prepared and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences to undertake Structural Equation Modelling. Reporting methods adhered to the STROBE guidelines. Results: The pathway models of grit prior to, at the time of, and after the global pandemic varied slightly as to their predictor variables, however, neuroticism was consistently present. Locus of control and psychological capital also varied over this period with hope having a positive impact, prior to and after the initial crisis, however, negatively impacted grit afterwards. Understanding the key drivers of grit, particularly those essential at or around the time of a crisis guides our understanding of how to better support nursing or healthcare students. These insights enable a greater focus of energies towards malleable attributes that can increase grit levels and better fortify nursing students for challenges they may encounter in practice. These insights also serve to further prepare healthcare, emergency, or other professionals who may encounter regular crises. Within months of a global pandemic occurring, the key predictors of grit were shown to fundamentally alter. Each pathway model varied slightly suggesting the timing of a crisis impacts students' capacity to manage new or novel situations, with hope as a key driver of grit throughout a crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]