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The most useful prospective methods to risk analysis in ionizing radiation medicine are the risk matrix and the failure mode and effect analysis. In another hand, at the world level developed various systems for reactive risk analysis, for example ROSIS, SAFRON and ARIR. In the research will follow to development and use an integration methodology of these methods. This approach was introduced in the Cuban code SECURE MR-FMEA version 3.0. A specific taxonomy for the incident data base (IDB) coupled with the code was developed and it was created the correspondence analysis of studied models for radiotherapy for allows the selection by expert criteria. The result of this matching allows the validation of the risk patterns by risk matrix or FMEA approach, through the coverage or representative studies in the incident data base. The most representative risk patterns in the incident data base are the linear accelerator and cobalt therapy. The comparison between the results of the investigation and other similar studies are available in the paper. The IDB incorporated de radionuclide therapy and transport of radioactive materials events.This research facilitates the decision-making in improvements of safety and culture in the ionizing radiation medicine.

Technetium-99m is the most commonly used radionuclide in the field of nuclear medicine. The National Center for Nuclear Safety (NCNS), as the regulatory body of Cuba, requires the carrying out of risk analysis for facilities with associated radiological hazard potential and, preferably, that these analyzes be performed using the risk matrix method. Although there are several qualitative or quantitative methods to perform these studies, the existence of basis risk starting and analysis codes and simplicity of use has been privileged the risk matrix as a predominant semi-quantitative method. The paper presents the results of the application of this method for the evaluation of the risks associated with the production of Molybdenum-99/Technetium-99m generators, which is carried out at the Isotope Center (Centis). Using the SECURE – MR Ver. 2.0 code a detailed risk analysis of its practice was carried out. Three accidental sequences of high-level risks were identified and the importance of barriers and reducers related to human factors associated to sufficiency and staff training was determined. Among the derived applications novel analysis capacities as well as risk monitoring possibilities are reported. The risk model developed for the production process of Molybdenum-99/Technetium-99m generators, joined with the ability to review, analyze and all the documentation provided by the tool, allow obtaining a completely and coherent document with the model, which constitutes an effective basis the safety of the facility. risk assessment, radioisotope generators, molybdenum 99, technetium 99, safety

The kilovoltage radiotherapy is a recently re-implemented practice in the National Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Cuba to treat patients. One of the problems to approve its use is the assessment of risks associated to this practice. The present paper shows a summary of the pattern of accidental sequences proposed for this practice and its risk is quantified by using the risk matrix methodology. The SECURE-MR code has been used as the tool selected to implement such a practice. In addition to customary analysis facilities, this code has some other novel characteristics allowing us to establish the contributors’ priorities. The global results of the risk assessment for the proposed pattern, as well as some particular optimization practices are included in this paper.

The techniques of risk control at the moment available they don't satisfy the necessary speed to the surveillance of the effects from the equipment failures and human errors during practical of radiotherapy. The methodology proposed in this paper integrates databases on possible accident sequences in medical practices using ionizing radiation with a tool for dynamic updating of operational conditions risk variables. An immediate result of the analysis is the knowledge of the new scenarios of danger, under any combination of unavailability to the risk, based on multiple study capacities and mimics for the processes and sequences. These capacities guarantee the instantaneous risk monitoring for any state of the studied scenarios.

Los análisis de riesgo aplicados a los tratamientos de radioterapia se han convertido en una necesidad innegable, partiendo de los peligros generados por la combinación del empleo de potentes campos de radiación sobre los pacientes y la ocurrencia de errores humanos y fallos de equipos durante esos tratamientos. La técnica por excelencia para llevar a cabo estos análisis ha sido la matriz de riesgo. El trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un nuevo algoritmo para ejecutar esta tarea con amplias potencialidades gráficas y analíticas, lo que lo convierte en una opción muy útil para el monitoreo del riesgo y la optimización de los programas de garantía de calidad. El sistema SECURE-MR, soporte informático de este algoritmo, se empleó con éxito en el análisis de riesgo de diversas prácticas de radioterapia. Lo distinguen nuevas posibilidades de análisis partiendo de la consideración de factores controladores del riesgo como las robusteces de frecuencia de iniciadores y de consecuencias. Sus capacidades analíticas y gráficas permiten novedosos desarrollos de ordenamiento de contribuyentes al riesgo y de representación de la información de procesos y secuencias accidentales. El trabajo muestra la aplicación del sistema propuesto a un proceso genérico de tratamiento de radioterapia con acelerador lineal.

One of the most recent applications of Probabilistic Safety Analysis to Embalse NPP is the Safety Oriented Maintenance Program developed through the Realibility Centered Maintenence (RCM) methodology. Such an application was carried out by a cooperated effort between the staff of nuclear safety department of NPP and experts from Higher Institute of Technologies and Applied Sciences of Cuba. So far 6 technological systems have been analized with important results regarding the optimization of preventive and predictive maintenance program of those systems. Some RCM tasks were automated using the MOSEG code. The results of this study were focused on the elaboration and modification of the Preventive Program, prioritization of stocks, reorientation of predictive techniques and modification in the time parameters of maintenance.

The hazardous configurations control in risk related facilities has been carried out by the analysis of minimal cut sets obtained from previous risk analysis. A more complete option is the risk monitoring for the on-line detection of these configurations. This is a very important task in cases of real demand, because these configurations represent a degraded condition of system reliability and, which in the worst case, may result in the system fault, and consequently, in the loss of the facility. On the other hand, the dependence matrixes are generally used in studying the interfaces among technological systems in PSA. The paper presents a configuration control method, based on dependence matrixes. The algorithm is included in a computer code called CONFIGURACION, to determine these situations in a qualitative way, without previous PSA results or using a Risk Monitor. This possibility of analysis is a novelty. The simplicity of the method warrants its application to facilities where these tools have not been developed, thus allowing the detection of hazardous configurations in case of simultaneous failures, equipment rotations, test and/or maintenances. The first version of this configuration control system is used as an aid in the operation of NPP Embalse