1. Chromatin-contact atlas reveals disorder-mediated protein interactions and moonlighting chromatin-associated RBPs
- Author
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Julian A. Zagalak, Mahmoud-Reza Rafiee, Karen Davey, Sviatoslav Sidorov, Sebastian Steinhauser, Nicholas M. Luscombe, and Jernej Ule
- Subjects
Proteomics ,Proteome ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00010 ,Gene Expression ,Mrna binding ,Biochemistry & Proteomics ,Mass Spectrometry ,Protein–protein interaction ,DAZL ,Narese/16 ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ecology,Evolution & Ethology ,RNA and RNA-protein complexes ,Genetics ,Animals ,Protein Interaction Maps ,Gene ,Cells, Cultured ,Computational & Systems Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Binding Sites ,biology ,FOS: Clinical medicine ,Stem Cells ,Neurosciences ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,Reproducibility of Results ,Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ,Tumour Biology ,Embryonic stem cell ,Chromatin ,Cell biology ,Intrinsically Disordered Proteins ,biology.protein ,PRC2 ,Genetics & Genomics ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Protein Binding - Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play diverse roles in regulating co-transcriptional RNA-processing and chromatin functions, but our knowledge of the repertoire of chromatin-associated RBPs (caRBPs) and their interactions with chromatin remains limited. Here, we developed SPACE (Silica Particle Assisted Chromatin Enrichment) to isolate global and regional chromatin components with high specificity and sensitivity, and SPACEmap to identify the chromatin-contact regions in proteins. Applied to mouse embryonic stem cells, SPACE identified 1459 chromatin-associated proteins, ∼48% of which are annotated as RBPs, indicating their dual roles in chromatin and RNA-binding. Additionally, SPACEmap stringently verified chromatin-binding of 403 RBPs and identified their chromatin-contact regions. Notably, SPACEmap showed that about 40% of the caRBPs bind chromatin by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Studying SPACE and total proteome dynamics from mES cells grown in 2iL and serum medium indicates significant correlation (R = 0.62). One of the most dynamic caRBPs is Dazl, which we find co-localized with PRC2 at transcription start sites of genes that are distinct from Dazl mRNA binding. Dazl and other PRC2-colocalised caRBPs are rich in intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), which could contribute to the formation and regulation of phase-separated PRC condensates. Together, our approach provides an unprecedented insight into IDR-mediated interactions and caRBPs with moonlighting functions in native chromatin., Graphical Abstract Graphical AbstractSPACE, SPACEmap and ChIP-SPACE are highly sensitive and stringent approaches for identification of chromatin-associated proteins and their chromatin-contact regions.
- Published
- 2021
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