1. Bubbles and semi-bubbles as a new kind of superheavy nuclei
- Author
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Dechargé, J., Berger, J.-F., Girod, M., and Dietrich, K.
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HARTREE-Fock approximation , *HEAVY nuclei - Abstract
Applying the HFB theory with the effective interaction D1S of Gogny, two kinds of “hyperheavy nuclei” were discovered: true “bubbles” with practically vanishing nuclear density in the central region of the nucleus, and “semi-bubbles” (“unsaturated nuclei”) with a reduced but finite density near the nuclear center. Semi-bubbles are found to be stable with regard to the emission of a neutron or a proton for nucleon numbers
A and charge numbersZ in the ranges292⪝A⪝750 and120⪝Z⪝240 , and true bubbles for750⪝A⪝920 and240⪝Z⪝280 , respectively. For a limited number of nuclear species, a third type of hyperheavy nuclei with a finite, strongly reduced, halo-like central density (“internal halo nuclei”) is found. Coexistence of bubble and semi-bubble solutions for given nucleon and charge numbers is frequently obtained, the semi-bubbles being the ground states forA⪝780 andZ⪝240 , and the true bubbles for the heavier nuclear species. The dominant disintegration mode of the semi-bubbles isα -decay and of the true bubbles is fission. Theα -lifetimes of semi-bubbles range from several seconds down to≃10−6 s, according to a simple semi-phenomenological formula. The fission lifetimes vary strongly as functions of the neutron and proton numbers ranging between years (for semi-bubbles) and microseconds or less (for true bubbles). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
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