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In recent years, there have been several projects in the world to design and construct a diffraction-limited light source which pushes an emittance of electron beams in a storage ring close to an emittance of photon beams in the X-ray region to enhance brilliance by two orders of magnitude. In line with this trend, the Korea fourth-generation storage ring (Korea-4GSR) project was launched in 2021 to establish a new light source in the Republic of Korea with an ultra-low emittance of 50 pm rad at a beam energy of 4 GeV. For the Korea-4GSR project, a compact linear accelerator for generating 200 MeV and a booster synchrotron is chosen as an injector. The booster synchrotron ramps beam energy from 200 MeV to 4 GeV and the lattice is designed based on the FODO concept. It is crucial in the booster to achieve high beam quality for injection efficiency into a storage ring. Since the quality of the extracted beam relies on an energy ramping profile, the ramping process is important to be optimized. This paper represents the result of our studies on the effect of the energy ramping profile in the evolutionary physical process in a booster synchrotron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Wolsung Nuclear Power Plant in Korea is under IAEA safeguards. During IAEA physical inventory verifications, the Optical Fiber radiation Probe System has been used since 2007 as the official instrument for verification of spent fuel. Its low sensitivity requires excessive time and labor to perform the IAEA safeguard activities and increases the operator load for preparing a dangerous and time-consuming secondary inspection. The objective of this paper is to develop a superior new optical fiber-based scintillation detector to deal with such issues. To increase the sensitivity of the instrument, a new optical fiber-based scintillation detector was developed by combining a p-terphenyl scintillator with a new type of optical fiber. A field test was carried out in the CANDU Wolsung Unit 1 to characterize the performance of the new detector. The field test showed that the OFPS using the new optical fiber-based scintillation detector has at least 100-times higher sensitivity and can also measure even very weak signals not measurable by the existing detector. From the experimental results, we can conclude that the newly developed OFPS detector would increase the effectiveness and efficiency of nuclear safeguards for verification of spent fuel in wet storage pools of CANDU reactors. • A new optical fiber-based scintillation detector has been assessed for spent-fuel safeguards. • The detector is made of a p-terphenyl organic scintillator to enhance the light yield and response time. • The signals of spent-fuel bundles with low activity were observed with the new detector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Korea fourth-generation storage ring (Korea-4GSR), with 4-GeV beam energy and 58-pm-rad emittance has been designed by the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. The evaluated brilliance and coherence are approximately 100 times higher in the hard X-ray region in Korea-4GSR than in the third-generation storage ring at PLS-II. The coherence properties and preservation of coherence through beamline optical elements were studied using SPECTRA code and hybrid method. Result of this paper show essential information for planning experiments and designing beamlines using ultimate low emittance storage ring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]