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AE9STRACT. A synopsis of Mesoamerican Jacquinia (Theophrastaceae) species with white, yellowish, or cream-colored flowers is presented. A key for their identification is provided. All of these species are restricted to northern Mesoamerica. Among these taxa Jacquinia sak-lol Carnevali, HernandezAguilar & Tapia-Munoz, from the state of Quintana Roo in the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula, is proposed as new. The new entity is described and illustrated. The proposed novelty is related to Jacquinia paludicola Standley, but it is a shrub and features smaller, more coriaceous leaves with a revolute margin and larger flowers.

The new species Schradera obtusifolia C. M. Taylor (Rubiaceae) from Costa Rica and Panama is described and illustrated. This has previously been confused with S. costaricensis Dwyer, which also has obtuse to rounded leaf apices.

Eight new Neotropical species of Psychotria subg. Psychotria are described and illustrated here: P cerrocoloradensis of western Panama and P matagalpensis of northern Nicaragua have both previously been confused with P sylvivaga Standley and P chiriquina Standley; P cornejoi of western Ecuador has been previously confused with P trivialis Rusby; P jefensis of Costa Rica and Panama and P orosioides of Costa Rica have both been previously confused with P orosiana Standley; P. lorenciana of southern Mexico and Guatemala has been variously confused with P grandis Swartz, P. Jiava Oersted ex Standley, and P costivenia Grisebach; and P romolerouxiana of Amazonian Ecuador and Peru and P sacciformis of lowland Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru have both previously been confused with P borjensis Kunth. The interpretations of stipule morphology and the arrangement of the flowers on the higher-order inflorescence axes as taxonomically informative characters have varied among previous authors and are re-evaluated here.

The new species Gonzalagunia osaensis C. M. Taylor, found from central Panama to eastern Costa Rica, is described and illustrated; it has previously been confused with G. rudis (Standley) Standley. The new species Sabicea chocoana C. M. Taylor, found from eastern Panama to western Colombia, is also described and illustrated; it has previously been confused with S. panamensis Wernham.

While completing the account of Myricaceae for Flora Mesoamericana it was discovered that a new combination was necessary in the genus Morella: M. lindeniana. It is here provided along with a short synopsis of the distribution of the species and its differences from the widespread Morella cerifera.

The neotropical genus Amphidasya includes 13 species in northern South America and adjacent Central America. A key to all the species of this genus is presented; the new combination Amphidasya longicalycina (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is made, based on Hoffmannia longicalycina Dwyer, for the most commonly collected species in Central America; and the following new species are described and illustrated: A. amethystina J. L. Clark & C. M. Taylor from western Ecuador, A. brevidentata C. M. Taylor from western Colombia, A. elegans C. M. Taylor from southwestern Colombia and central Ecuador, and A. panamensis C. M. Taylor from Panama.

Matelea corrugata, from Costa Rica, M. costaricensis, from Costa Rica, M. emmartinezii, from Mexico, M. ferruginea, from Guatemala, M. filipes, from El Savador, M. haberi, from Costa Rica, M. insolita

Delimitation of genera in the Tovomita group of tribe Clusieae has fluctuated, in Central America, with almost every new floristic work. Nev- ertheless, with some aberrations, the theme of a unified Chrysochlamys/Tovomitopsis has persisted and is here supported by concurring with Bentham and Hooker's placement of Tovomitopsis in synon- ymy of Chrysochlamys. The strictly South American Balboa is also placed in synonymy of Chrysochla- mys; this action necessitates a new name (here pro- vided) for its only species. A key to the 13 species of Chrysochlamys recognized for Mexico and Cen- tral America is provided. An annotated list of all Mesoamerican Chrysochlamys, including brief de- scriptions, taxonomic and nomenclatural notes, five new combinations, and two new species, elucidates the generic concept and provides a rationalized no- menclature for use in numerous regional floras. To- vomita croatii Maguire, a somewhat problematic species, transferred to Tovomitopsis by D'Arcy, is included in the key to Chrysochlamys and fully dis

A new species of Macoubea from Cos- ta Rica and Panama is described and illustrated. Its relationships with the two South American spe- cies of the genus are discussed. Macoubea has been considered to comprise just two primarily South American species, M. guianen- sis and M. sprucei (Allorge, 1985), with some spe- cific varieties. Nevertheless, recent work on the Apocynaceae for "The Manual to the Plants of Cos- ta Rica" and the Flora Mesoamericana demonstrate the existence of a third species, endemic to Me- soamerica, which is described here.

Two new species of Annonaceae, Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz and Unonopsis stevensii G. E. Schatz, are described from Mesoamerica. Color photographs of the new species can be accessed over the World Wide Web by searching the name in WZTROPICOS at http://www.mobot.org/ Pick/Search/pick.html. RESUMEN. Se decriben dos especies nuevas de Annonaceae, Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz y Unonopsis stevensii G. E. Schatz, de Mesoambrica. Fotograffas a color de las especies nuevas son accesibles buscando el nombre en las piginas de Internet de WZTROPICOS en la siguiente direcci6n: http://www.mobot.org/Pick/Search/pick.html. In anticipation of the upcoming publication of the Flora de Nicaragua, I provide here names and descriptions for two undescribed species of Annonaceae from Mesoamerica. Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz is the southernmost of seven species in a genus extending from the states of Sinaloa and Veracruz, Mexico, to the province of Los Santos, Panama. In contrast to the other species of Sapranthus B. C. Seemann, which occur in seasonally dry deciduous forest and possess membranaceous reddish to deep purple petals with evident venation, S. viridflorus occurs in moist to wet evergreen forest and exhibits thick, fleshy green petals lacking venation at maturity. Unonopsis R. E. Fries is a genus of ca. 40 species distributed from Belize to Bolivia in wet, evergreen forest, with 6 species currently known from Mesoamerica, and an additional 4-5 new species awaiting description. Although not yet known from Nicaragua, Unonopsis stevensii G. E. Schatz is to be expected in the southeastern region of the country along the Rio San Juan just to the north of Cerro Coronel and Barra del Colorado in Costa Rica, the sole locality for the new species. Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz, sp. nov. TYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia: La Selva Biological Station of the Organization for Tropical Studies, 4 km S of Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, 10026'N, 84001'W, 35 m, 15 Feb. 1984 (fl), G. E. Schatz 963 (holotype, MO; isotypes, CR, WIS). Figures 1, 2, and http://hoya.mobot.org/ mobot/research/image/01602308O001.jpg, http: //hoya. mobot. org/mobot/research/image/ 01602308002.jpg A speciebus aliis Sapranthi petalis enervibus carnosis viridibus et carpellis 2-5 differt. Tree to 12 m tall, the young branches brownish gray tomentose. Leaves membranaceous, the petiole 0.4-1.0 cm long, shallowly canaliculate, brownish gray tomentose; lamina elliptic to oblong-obovate, 5.6-29.8 cm long, 2.7-12.1 cm broad, the base cuneate to rounded and somewhat truncate, the apex acuminate to cuspidate, the upper lamina surface sparsely white velutinous, the lower surface white velutinous, the margins finely ciliate; venation weakly brochidodromous with 8-15 lateral veins per side, the midrib slightly impressed and densely white velutinous above, especially toward the base, prominently elevated and short white hirsute below, drying purplish black, the slender lateral veins elevated and short white hirsute below. Flowers solitary, pendent, terminal but appearing leaf-opposed (or rarely cauliflorous and borne on older wood), with a fruity fragranice, albeit with a slightly fetid component; pedicel 1.0-1.7 cm long, sparsely tomentellous, bearing a lanceolate-ovate to rounded bract near the base to 0.8 cm from the base, 0.50.9 cm long, 0.3-0.5 cm broad, the apex acute to obtuse, the base decurrent along the pedicel, the margins revolute. Sepals triangular, 0.7-0.8 cm long, 0.5-0.7 cm broad, the apex acute, slightly reflexed, the base truncate, tomentellous outside. Petals 6, in 2 subequal imbricate whorls, membranaceous and with venation evident in bud, becoming fleshy and lacking any evident venation at anthesis when fresh, revealing faint venation when NovoN 8: 436-440. 1998. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.128 on Wed, 07 Sep 2016 05:04:21 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 8, Number 4 Schatz 437 1998 New Species of Annonaceae ,,? ?r:: ~ r. r r??

A new species, Cayaponia longiloba, is described from Mesoamerica. It is illustrated, and its affinities are discussed.

The new combination Alibertia utleyorum (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is made, and the new species Alibertia premontana, Pentagonia involucrata, Remijia uniflora, and Rudgea sanblasensis are described and illustrated. During the review of specimens of neotropical Rubiaceae for preparation of floristic treatments for Mesoamerica and the Venezuelan Guayana and identification of materials for institutional inventory projects, the need for the following new combination became evident, and several undescribed species were discovered.

Ten new species of Rubiaceae from southern Mexico and Mesoamerica are described and illustrated: Bouvardia macdougallii Lorence, Hoffmannia ixtlanensis Lorence, H. minuticarpa Dwyer & Lorence, Machaonia martinezorum Lor- ence, Psychotria breedlovei Lorence, P. thornei Lorence, Rondeletia breedlovei Lorence, R. chi- riquiana Lorence, R. megalantha Lorence, and Sommera parva Lorence. During the course of preparing a treatment of the Rubiaceae for Flora Mesoamericana, collec- tions representing a number of undescribed species from southern Mexico and Mesoamerica were en- countered. Many of these collections are the result of recent fieldwork in botanically poorly known or under-collected areas in conjunction with the Flora of Chiapas, Flora de Oaxaca, and Flora Mesoam- ericana projects. Ten new species are described and illustrated herein, and their affinities are discussed. Most of these taxa occur within the region covered by the Flora Mesoamericana project, i.e., southern Mexico from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the Panama-Colombia border (Anon., 1982). A com- plete account of the Mesoamerican Rubiaceae will be given in a forthcoming treatment for Flora Me- soamericana (Dwyer & Lorence, in prep.).

A new species from Mexico, Dioscorea mesoamericana, is described and illustrated. The new species is distinguished from D. pumicicola by its shorter pistillate inflorescences, the amorphous and geometrically fissured bark on the rhizome, and by the different geographical and altitudinal distri- bution. A key to separate the species, geographical distribution, ecological notes, and a detailed descrip- tion of nervation patterns are given. While reviewing a number of collections at the Gray Herbarium (GH) for the treatment of Dioscoreaceae for the Flora Mesoamericana project during 1987, the senior author found an interesting collection of an undescribed species in fruit from the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. This species was not included in that treatment of the Dioscoreaceae because of the lack of staminate material and because its distri

As a result of work on the Poaceae for Flora Mesoamericana, the following four new species are described, illustrated, and compared with their closest putative relatives: Festuca talamancensis from the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica, F. herrerae from the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica and Panama, Sporobolus distichivaginatus from the Peten, Guatemala, and Eriochloa stevensii from Nicaragua, Venezuela, and Ecuador. In addition to the new species of grasses recently described as the result of a review of the Poaceae for Flora Mesoamericana (Davidse & Pohl, 1992), the following four species were found to be new and are here described, discussed, and illustrated for the first time. As in the earlier paper, the new species are published under the name of the person primarily responsible for the account of the taxon.

Four new species are described, one with two distinct subspecies: Passifiora (sect. Cieca) juliana, P. (sect. Cieca) xiikzodz subsp. xiikzodz and subsp. itzensis, P. (sect. Pseudodysosmia) oax- acensis, and P. (sect. Xerogona) escobariana. Pas- siflora juliana appears to be the closest relative of P. viridflora Cavanilles, a species that traditionally has been segregated as a distinct section or subgenus. Revision of Mexican, Central American, and Co- lombian collections of passionflowers is yielding nu- merous undescribed species, especially among the small-flowered subgenus Plectostemma Masters. Apetalous passionflowers, found only in subgenus Plectostemma, form a group of about 18 closely related species called section Cieca (Medikus) DeCandolle. This section is most diverse and com- mon in northern Mesoamerica and southern Mexico, with a radiation of relatives of P. suberosa Linnaeus in the Caribbean. There are at least two other apet- alous species in other sections, but these occur in- dependently elsewhere in the subgenus. The follow- ing two new species are in section Cieca.

Revision of the Ochnaceae for Flora Mesoamericana brought to light eight new species of Ouratea. These species are described here: 0. osaensis and 0. rinconensis from the Rinc6n de Osa area of Costa Rica, and 0. jefensis, 0. knappiae, 0. darienensis, 0. stenobasis, 0. sulcatinervia, and 0. tristis from Panama. The genus Ouratea consists of about 150 species from Central and South America, and the West Indies; they are woody, glabrous plants characterized by alternate, simple leaves, bright yellow bisexual flowers, and fruits composed of 1-seeded glossy, black drupelets borne on an enlarged, fleshy, purplish red receptacle or torus. Asian and African species formerly included in Ouratea have been transferred to Gomphia (Kanis, 1968). Riley (1924) reviewed the Mexican and Central American species of Ouratea, increasing the number of species in the region from 9 to 15. Dwyer (1944) believed there were 28 species of Ouratea from Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies, of which 17 occurred in Mexico and Central America. Dwyer (1944) listed six species of Ouratea occurring in Belize and Guatemala, whereas Standley & Williams (1961) thought there were only three, with an additional variety in one of these. Dwyer (1944) had believed seven species occurred in Panama, but when he reviewed the Panamanian Ochnaceae (Dwyer, 1967) he made great changes, accepting eight species, with only three names unchanged from his 1944 account. As these earlier revisions had shown such large changes in Central American Ouratea, a thorough generic revision was clearly needed for Flora Mesoamericana. Covering the area from southern Mexico (the states of Yucatan, Tabasco, and Chiapas) to the Panama-Colombia border, the present study revealed the following new taxa, and a total of 22 Ouratea species in Mesoamerica. Eight of these are new and are described here so that the names can be used in the Flora Mesoamericana treatment. 1. Ouratea darienensis Whitefoord, sp. nov. TYPE: Panama. Darien: above Cana on trail to top of ridge of Pirre Massif, forested slopes, 1,100-1,350 m, 3 May 1990, McPherson 15033 (holotype, BM; isotype, MO). Figure 1. NOVON 2: 274-281. 1992. Ab 0. nitida (Sw.) Engl. foliis nervis secondariis manifestiore distinctis late et irregulariter dispositis, calyce minore laeviore, differt. Trees 8-15 m high, with slender branchlets. Leaves (10.5-)15-21 x 4-7 cm, lanceolate to oblong or oblanceolate, the base cuneate or rounded, the apex acuminate; chartaceous to coriaceous, drying redor greenish brown, slightly glossy and rugulose, the margin slightly revolute, crenate; venation impressed on both surfaces, with 8-13 pairs of major secondary veins arcuate-ascending, more clearly evident beneath; petiole 4-10 mm; stipules ca. 6 mm, caducous. Inflorescence 8-17 cm, axillary, paniculate, the rhachis conspicuously flattened, 1-4-branched, the lower branches 3.5-7 cm long; flowers solitary or paired, sometimes shortly pedunculate, well-spaced; pedicel 5-6(-7) mm, slender; sepals 5, 4-5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, thinly coriaceous, the inner margins scarious, the sepals and pedicel smooth and shiny; petals 5, 6 mm long, broadly obovate, clawed; stamens 10, the anthers 4 mm; gynophore 0.5 mm; style 2.5-3 mm. Fruit not seen. Paratype. PANAMA. DARIEN: Parque Nacional del Darien, slopes of Cerro Mali, headwaters of S branch of Rio Pucuro, ca. 22 km E of Pucuro, 1,300-1,400 m, Cuadros, Hammel, de Nevers & Herrera 3966 (BM, MO). Ouratea nitida (Sw.) Engler also has leaves with the venation impressed on both sides, a paniculate inflorescence, and a calyx with five sepals. Ouratea nitida is, however, a smaller plant, rarely reaching 6 m, and grows at altitudes up to 400 m, whereas 0. darienensis is a tree of about 8 m, found at the much higher altitudes of 1,300-1,400 m. Ouratea nitida occurs from southern Mexico to Nicaragua, Guyana, Cuba, and Jamaica, whereas 0. darienensis is known only from the state of Darien, Panama. 2. Ouratea jefensis Whitefoord, sp. nov. TYPE: Panama. Panama: forested slopes of Cerro Jefe, near large coffee fincas, 24 Jan. 1970, Wilbur, Weaver, Foster & Correa 11318 (holotype, BM; isotypes, F, MO, US). Figure 2. Ab 0. insulae Riley foliis multo brevioribus, rhachide graciliore, floribus late dispositis pedicellis longioribus filiformibus, differt. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.50 on Sat, 14 May 2016 04:56:19 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 2, Number 3 1992 Figure 1. Ouratea darienensis (McPherson 15033, BM). Shrubs or trees 3-8.5 m high, with slender branchlets. Leaves 8-11 x 2.5-4.5 cm, ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, the base cuneate or rounded, the apex acuminate; coriaceous, slightly glossy on both surfaces, drying greenish brown, the margin plane or slightly revolute, subentire or sometimes minutely toothed toward the apex, the teeth well-spaced; venation inconspicuous, the major secondary veins mostly 5-10 mm apart, arcuate-ascending, slightly raised above, the minor secondary and tertiary veins nearly straight, crowded, subparallel, immersed or scarcely raised on both surfaces; petiole 2-5 mm; stipules to 7 mm, caducous. Inflorescence to 10 cm, paniculate, terminal or axillary, usually broadly pyramidal; rhachis slender, smooth, with 1-3(-6) widely spaced, spreading, slender branches; flowers widely spaced, solitary or occasionally paired; pedicel (5-)10-12 mm, filiform; sepals 5, ca. 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, chartaceous, the inner margins scarious; petals 5, 8-9 mm long, broadly obovate, reflexed, falling before the sepals; stamens 10, the anthers 5 mm; gynophore 0.5-1.0 mm; style 4-5 mm, often flexuous. Torus 8-12 mm, obovoid; drupelets ca. 8 mm, subglobose to obovoid. L l.JjJ.jJjJ2!' p.als alld C^t men?Snx i.?lwF'r:it qreen. Figure 2. Ouratea jefensis ',, ( W eiefr,-d r.,..C. : . sctaver Figure 2. Ouratea jefensis (ailbur, [eaver, Foster & Correa 11318, BM). Paratypes. PANAMA. PANAMA: beyond Goofy Lake along road to Cerro Jefe, Correa & Dressier 473 (MO); Cerro Jefe, 2,700 ft., D'Arcy 12183 (MO); Cerro Jefe, Duke 9405 (MO); Cerro Jefe to La Eneida, 21-2,900 ft., Duke, Dressler & Dwyer 8191 (F, MO); 8 mi. S of Goofy Lake toward Cerro Jefe, Dwyer 7082 (MO); Cerro Jefe, to 3,100 ft., Dwyer 8482 (MO); summit of Cerro Jefe, 23 km N of Pan-American Hwy., 1,004 ft., Folsom & Kearns 2718 (MEXU, MO); Cerro Jefe, summit to 1 mi. beyond, Gentry, Dwyer & Tyson 3517 (MO); 800 m, GomezPompa, Quero & Gonzalez 3059 (MEXU, MO); 750 m, Gomez-Pompa, Quero & Gonzalez 3550 (MEXU, MO); 12.5 km above Pan-American Hwy. on road from El Llano to Carti-Tupile, 350 m, Kennedy, Correa & Dressler 2489 (MO); NE of town of Cerro Azul, 20 km by road from Inter-American Hwy., Mori & Kallunki 3644 (MO); NE of town of Cerro Azul, 20 km by road from Inter-American Hwy., Mori & Kallunki 3656 (MO); slopes of Cerro Jefe between Cerro Azul and La Eneida, ca. 15 mi. NE of Panama City, Wilbur, Almeda & Luteyn 15568 (MO); slopes of Cerro Jefe beyond Cerro Azul between 4 and 8 mi., Wilbur & Weaver 11382 (MO). Distribution. This species is known only from the Cerro Jefe area in premontane forest, from 350 to 954 m. Ouratea jefensis, like 0. insulae Riley from southern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras, Whitefoord

Of the 118 species of Elaphoglossum treated in the flora of Mesoamerica, 33 were determined to be new and are described here. In addition, one new variety is described and one variety is raised to species rank. Elaphoglossum is a large and taxonomically difficult genus of wet tropical regions. F6e (1845) and Christ (1899) published major treatments of the genus, treating 105 and 142 species, respectively. Today there are thought to be ca. 600 species. Since the turn of the century many additional collections have been made, but until recently there have been no usable treatments for their identification. While preparing a treatment of Elaphoglossum for Flora Mesoamericana, a number of previously undescribed species were distinguished. Of 118 species in the flora, 33 species and one variety are new, a figure consistent with the recent regional treatments of Mexico (19 new of 45; Mickel, 1980, 1981, 1988, 1992; Smith, 1975), Venezuela (35 new of 101; Mickel, 1985, 1990b, 1991b), and Peru (51 new of 122; Mickel, 1990a, 1991a). Gradually a clearer understanding is emerging of the genus, the species and species groups, and overall character diversity. Several species complexes remain unresolved, and more collections and detailed studies are needed. Most of the species in Flora Mesoamericana (all but 11 of the 118) will be treated also in Lellinger's pteridoflora of Costa Rica-Panama-Choc6, together with illustrations. Elaphoglossum andersonii Mickel, sp. nov. TYPE: Costa Rica. San Jose: near Quebradillas, about 7 km N of Santa Maria de Dota, Standley 42932 (holotype, US). Ab E. hieracioide frondibus majoribus longius stipitatis textura tenuioribus necnon hydathodiis manifestis abstat. Epiphytic; rhizome 2-3 mm diam., compact; rhizome scales 3-5 mm long, linear, orange-tan, lustrous, entire; leaves 8-17 cm long, approximate; phyllopodia lacking; petiole 2/-3/ the sterile leaf length, tan, flattened; petiole scales 2.5-4 mm long, linear, entire, orange-tan, subulate, spreading, mixed with scattered to dense glandular hairs at petiole base; sterile lamina 4-8 cm long, 1.3-1.7 cm wide, elNOVON 2: 368-382. 1992. liptic, chartaceous, base cuneate, apex rounded to acute; veins evident, 2 mm apart, at 45-55? angle to costa; hydathodes evident as orange dots; lamina scales 3-4 mm long, scattered, spreading, subulate, hairlike, orange-tan, entire; fertile leaves shorter than the sterile; petiole 12-34 the fertile leaf length; fertile lamina elliptic, ca. 2.5 times longer than wide, base and apex rounded; intersporangial scales lack