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To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7939.2010.01187.x Byline: Ian Fuller (1), Martin Brook (1), Kat Holt (1) Keywords: embedded research; field-based research; fieldwork teaching; learning strategies; teaching-research nexus Abstract: Abstract Undergraduate teaching should be informed by research. The extent to which this is the case and how this is best practised is the subject of this paper. Learning strategies that seek to embed research within the undergraduate programme from an introductory level are discussed. The degree of success in these strategies is informed by input from postgraduate students who have 'come through the ranks'. Their views, obtained via a focus group, suggest that research is rigorously embedded at every level of the programme and is most clearly linked to teaching in research-based third-year papers with a strong fieldwork component. Author Affiliation: (1)Geography Programme, School of People, Environment and Planning, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand Article note: E-mail: i.c.fuller@massey.ac.nz

To be more‐than‐human is to be relational, to no longer see the human as a discrete individual and to recognise the multivalent agency and import of the non‐human in bio‐physical, socio‐economic and cultural worlds. This Special Issue galvanises an interest by Aotearoa New Zealand geographers in non‐human–human relations and delivers more‐than‐human research from the edges: of the discipline, from our geographic position antipodal to 'the west' and 'the north', from early career researchers and from cognate literatures at the periphery of geographic thought. The contributions here question understandings of ethics, politics, conservation and economy through papers that explore affect, care, agency, discourses and practices with a range of more‐than‐human subject‐objects: blackberries, wine yeasts, insects, PFAS and urban streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an epilogue to the Special Issue. The paper examines the interplay among ontology, epistemology, methodology, politics and geography by elaborating on Esbjörn-Hargen's framework of the 'who', 'what' and 'how' of knowledge making. It uses this discussion to relate the different papers in the Special Issue, traces the engagement of the authors with concepts of assemblage and considers the further work to which the concept of assemblage might be put by exploring potential new research directions emerging from the Biological Economies research project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lord of the Rings entwined Middle‐earth with Aotearoa New Zealand in popular imagination. More than this, the films reached beyond the cinema into everyday practices and experiences of landscape, particularly through film tours. The paper argues that thinking of film‐landscape relations allows exploration of these co‐constitutive experiences. Through rich empirics, the paper illustrates the performative practices on film tours that enact film‐landscape relations. Situated within landscape literature, the paper employs assemblage thinking to productively hold in tension multiplicity, and the relational and enactive elements that were found in the research. Engagement with film‐landscape relations enriches geographic literatures on landscape and assemblage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fowler (2021a, New Zealand Geographer, 77, 16–31) supplemented the site histories of four central‐Auckland climate observatories by mining two searchable online historical archives (Papers Past, DigitalNZ). Photographic and map evidence was found for three of the sites, but not for the Auckland Domain observatory. Additional information (a map) has now been found which allows a more accurate determination of that site's location. The new information is presented here and the implications for the central‐Auckland rainfall record are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual Issue: Celebrating 75 Years of Geography Teaching and Research at the University of Otago [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with other countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) New Zealand's engagement with regional and local development has been a rather modest undertaking reflected more in political pronouncement than in significant intervention and policy support on the scale which characterised post-war Britain and the European Union over recent decades (see Barca, McCann, & Rodgriguez-Pose, [1]; Pike, Rodriguez-Pose, & Tomaney, [10]; McNeill, [5]). The papers which follow in this special issue provide insight into the post-1980s experience of local and regional development in New Zealand (NZ), paying particular attention to the regions that is, the smaller towns, rural areas and administrative regions which make up non-metropolitan NZ. [Extracted from the article]

This paper explores how spatial governance models oriented to the well‐being of the more‐than‐human might better enable Indigenous peoples' capacity to live‐well‐with and care for our more‐than‐human whanaunga (kin). The discussion positions Indigenous more‐than‐human ontologies as a cultural framework that supplants human‐centrism with a focus on holistic ecological well‐being. The paper considers how a culture of holistic ecological well‐being might be spatially emplaced through well‐being‐led planning tools that ground these ontologies in neighbourhoods, cities and wider afield. Currently settler‐colonial spatial governance and planning structures hold dominion in Aotearoa New Zealand, inscribing cultural territories fundamentally other to Indigenous norms. Yet the country's Te Tiriti o Waitangi contracts for tino rangatiratanga (Māori sovereignty), and to meet the Tiriti it is imperative that current spatial governance approaches swiftly converge with Indigenous ethical practices for mauri ora holistic well‐being. There is much at stake. The Petrocene—our current era of ecological breakdown, accelerated by a rapacious petrocapitalism—is a time of mass death of our more‐than‐human whanaunga (kin). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine Auckland's 'City of Music' (ACM) place branding initiative, outlining its aspirations and gauging its contribution to the vitality of Auckland's underlying music scene. We draw on documentary evidence, media reports, first‐hand observations and a series of interviews with brand advocates and music insiders. The paper highlights tensions between the 'City of Music' brand and the understandings of those whose work, identities, daily lives and lived spaces are appropriated to give it substance. We conclude that ACM has injected resources into the Auckland music 'scene' but fails to represent faithfully its vitality and complex ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID‐19 brought public health challenges to the public transport system throughout the world. As a result, a range of response measures were implemented to ensure the safety of passengers while maintaining a functioning system. This paper explores the responses of public transport agencies in New Zealand's metropolitan cities (Auckland, Christchurch and Wellington) to the COVID‐19 pandemic by examining their physical and communication measures. We analysed public transport agencies' websites to understand the response measures implemented, including the accessibility of COVID‐19‐related information, and the communication of information via websites and social media platforms. The results show that 13 service responses were implemented across the three public transport agencies, with Auckland implementing the most measures. Seven infrastructural responses were implemented, with Christchurch implementing all seven. Wellington was found to be the public transport agency that used social media the most during the pandemic. The website accessibility findings suggest that the more accessible a public transport agency's website was, the less information was present. The research concludes that all three public transport agencies in New Zealand performed reasonably well and were able to maintain a safe and responsive public transport system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weeds are known as 'plants out of place', but how do we come to understand what belongs in place and what does not? Organisms that thrive beyond boundaries of control threaten life that is 'in place', or nature. As a threat to life and nature, weeds are transformed into objects of hate and elimination. Exploring the collective hate of weeds helps to untangle the affective dimensions of colonisation. Using the story of the blackberry in Dunedin, both through its settler history and contemporary relationship with urban foragers, this paper describes how weeds have become powerful affective objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, newspaper research has been streamlined by digitisation and online hosting by Papers Past. This paper tests the reliability and credibility of reporting of extreme weather and climatic events through Papers Past to determine if newspaper research of past climate can be further streamlined. Searches were conducted through four early-20th-century Auckland newspapers, where counts of articles returned by key-word searches for particular periods were compared against periods of known extremes. We find that blind searches have only limited potential in identifying extreme weather and climatic events and that they are no substitute for thorough analyses of documentary sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A second phase of New Zealand engagement with the International Geographical Union spans from 1956 to 1974. The nature of this engagement which culminated in the hosting of a Regional Conference in New Zealand in 1974 is the subject of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper joins literature on suburban advertising with Lefebvre's concept of representational space to analyse property advertisements as part of the representational production of suburban space. Based on comparative analysis of advertising material for suburban residential developments on Auckland's "North Shore" in two time‐periods—1950s and 2010s—the paper examines changes and continuities in thematic content. While property advertisements in the mid‐1900s emphasised the "functional suburb," paying attention to attributes such as quality of utilities and proximity to the central city, more recently advertisements have more strongly emphasised the "lifestyle suburb," with a focus on middle‐class community and natural amenity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a prequel to the centenary of the International Geographical Union in 2022, this paper discusses connections between New Zealand and the International Geographical Congresses as a site of knowledge creation from the 1870s up to the mid‐20th century. New Zealand featured initially as an example in the work of others at early International Geographical Union Congresses. There was fleeting New Zealand attendance before the country was represented by proxy as part of the British Empire delegation prior to the first direct university geographer attendance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper traces the emergence and dominance of a singular discourse about rural development. The "more water" discourse that emerged in the 2000s in Canterbury was rooted in the idea that vibrant communities depend on economic growth, which hinges on accessing more freshwater for irrigation. Using thick description of the work of a catchment committee, this paper charts the dominance of this discourse and the attempts to channel "more water" through a tightly controlled collaborative and consensus‐based approach. More democratic processes would welcome difference, questioning of prevailing approaches to development, and may lead to more diverse economies and resilient communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant percentage of the smaller urban centres around the world are losing people which raises questions regarding the appropriate responses to this challenge. Responses from the state have generally been muted, and as a result, concepts of new localism and new regionalism are useful for understanding the role played by place‐based leadership and partnerships between local businesses, community groups and individuals. Key within this space is the role of endogenous responses anchored on local social capital and resilience. This paper overviews key themes in the literature before examining statistical evidence of small town growth, stabilisation or decline in New Zealand. This leads into an examination of how three small towns in the country are responding to demographic and economic change. The cases illustrate the importance of local‐led responses to the debilitating effects of change and the degree to which place based development can be critical in the context of coping with change in small towns. The paper further argues that "right‐sizing" to a new economic and demographic reality may be the appropriate focus of local attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Airbnb is an online platform connecting private hosts with visitors looking for short‐term accommodation. The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of Airbnb on long‐term rental housing availability and cost in Aotearoa New Zealand before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Regional growth patterns in Airbnb properties were measured and their impact on the private rental market investigated. An increasing proportion of new rental housing was offered through Airbnb over the study period, particularly in popular tourist locations. Increasing occupancy rates pre‐pandemic suggest that there remains room for growth, putting further pressure on the private rental housing stock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogeographers use the language of islands to theorise insular communities, extending the term beyond coastal environments to include so-called 'mainland' islands. This paper suggests a similar approach is needed within cultural geography to account for places that are connected to archipelagos despite being unenclosed by water. The paper begins with a critique of materialist definitions of islands and the methodological assumptions underpinning them. It then speculates on an alternative theory of islands, which views them as autonomous objects and dynamic systems for reordering times and spaces within and beyond their watery margins. Auckland's Waitākere Ranges are considered as an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aotearoa New Zealand has shifted towards more collaborative decision‐making for freshwater in recent years, as national and local authorities seek new ways of working with communities. While the potential benefits of collaboration are well established, the messiness of collaborative processes can challenge institutional imperatives to develop formally justified, implementable plans. This paper explores a collaboration‐first attempt, 'Healthy Rivers/Wai Ora: Proposed Waikato Regional Plan Change 1', demonstrating that while more inclusive forms of plan‐making may better reflect diverse values, interests and knowledges, relinquishing control over planning processes can present significant challenges in the face of existing institutional structures and legislative requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Te Whanganui‐a‐Tara Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand, 95% of the length of urban streams are piped and buried, leaving them hidden. Technocratic management regimes separate streams into discrete parts, and thus overlook important relationships that can improve or maintain the state of streams. This paper takes a hydrosocial perspective on urban streams, exploring connections between water flow, infrastructure, and social structures and institutions to consider the buried Waimapihi Stream. Drawing on interviews, it examines implications of the Waimapihi's legislative status and management for its headwaters at the Waimapihi Reserve and the stormwater piped section, and considers the potential for daylighting the piped section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is positioned within current debates on education development and the value of fieldwork as a pathway to fostering a nuanced, sophisticated and empathetic world view among students. Here, we focus on one form of field-based teaching within geography, that is, intensive field studies courses taught abroad. We draw on our experience as cofacilitators of a six-week intensive field course conducted in various parts of Thailand. The course we discuss in this paper was focused on teaching students both applied research skills (critical engagement, ethnographic research methods and ethical research practice) and substantive content (the social, cultural, political and economic aspects of Thailand from a geographer's perspective). We argue that the value of field studies lies in the ability of such a course to help students enhance and deepen broad, generalisable skills such as problem solving; ethical research practice; critical engagement with complex social issues; and independent research skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first part of the paper develops the argument that geographers should learn to decompose human memory into its constituent parts because then and then alone will we become attuned to the full range of ways in which we incorporate places into our beings. The second part of the paper articulates Stephen Hill's comments on episodic memory with my recent work on wisdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the relationship between temporary migration and regional development in the context of the Covid‐19 global pandemic. Focusing specifically on Invercargill and Queenstown in Aotearoa New Zealand, I outline how temporary migration has become central to population growth and economic prosperity and how this relationship has been disrupted by the onset of border controls in response to Covid‐19. The paper outlines how the pandemic has revealed several challenges associated with temporary migration, including mismatches between the national management of migration and the local impacts, the availability of suitable data to understand migration, and the path dependency associated with population growth reliant on temporary migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What ethico‐politics are we complicit in when we eat insects? Or produce them for feed? In this article we think through underexplored ideas of human‐insect response‐abilities, or 'care' in the acts of 'producing' insects that are to be: eaten by humans or non‐humans; or, enrolled in eating other species for environmental 'management'. Rather than merely passive recipients of human care, we think through insect agency to highlight the affective capacities of insects in acts of human to more‐than‐human reciprocal care. Drawing on a qualitative study of diverse insect‐work in Aotearoa New Zealand, we demonstrate how insects are recognised as active in their caregiving processes, and what this might mean for our right relations with insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial introduction outlines the political and intellectual territory for a Special Issue on Tikanga rua: bicultural spatial governance in Aotearoa New Zealand. The term 'spatial governance' refers to deliberative systems with an impact on social and spatial outcomes, including environmental management, town planning, urban design and city‐making. Authentic tikanga rua bicultural spatial governance delivers processes and outcomes aligned with the perspectives, values and knowledge of both tangata whenua (people of the land) and tangata Tiriti (people of the Treaty). The research discussed in the Special Issue traverses multiple geographies and contexts and demonstrates the manifold possibilities for biculturalism in contemporary spatial governance. This introduction summarises the contents of each of the substantive papers and provides a Māori‐English glossary to assist readers with the key terms used within the issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internationally, Eurocentric hegemonies rooted in coloniality dominate the discourse on environmental wellbeing and sustainable development. Māori frameworks are being used and developed in Aotearoa New Zealand to support bicultural approaches to the management of natural resources and built environments. This paper reports on an Atua (Māori gods and spirits) framework that was found to be valuable as a cultural lens for the co‐creation of a toolkit for assessing the wellbeing of indigenous forests. This article provides guidance on the development and application of kaupapa Māori frameworks, particularly Atua frameworks, in wider geographical contexts including urban design and spatial planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geospatial technologies span governmental, academic and private commercial sectors, and their potential for growth is considerable. The USA and Australia have trouble meeting demand for geospatial skills. This paper reports on a national survey of 157 organisations that identified a similar geospatial shortage in New Zealand. The paper also details dimensions of the shortage and the current frameworks for meeting the shortfall of skilled professionals. Arising from this skills gap, key challenges facing both the geography and geospatial communities are identified and discussed: raising student numbers, gaining experience, up-skilling current professionals and raising awareness of the value of the geospatial skillset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores value making practices by asking how we know and make new relations of economy. The paper seeks to understand the connectivities that constitute the Hawkes Bay wine economy in a way not confined by sector or regional matrices. We explore the making of relations of (wine) economy, studying relationships among actors in Hawke's Bay wine economy, including cross-sectional exchanges, investment patterns and value chain linkages. This enables a more practice-centred and relational understanding of wine economies as constituted by assemblying practices. Thinking about wine economies as assemblages facilitates an enactive engagement in economic practices by geographers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous work related to central‐Auckland site Albert Park showed that sparse site histories for inner‐city weather stations can be usefully supplemented by mining searchable online historical archives (Papers Past, DigitalNZ), at least as far back as 1909. Assessment of potential is extended here back to 1853, within the context of developing a long‐term rainfall record for Auckland. Although late 19th century sources are thinner and of poorer quality, much useful information could be gleaned about the locations and exposures of early sites. Hypothesised implications for the rainfall record suggest that all early site data need to be adjusted upwards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professor Kenneth Cumberland's presidential address at the first New Zealand geography conference in 1955 considered the achievements, aims and objectives of the discipline, which he positioned as a chorological science. This view of geography posed difficulties for the scope of historical geography, one of Cumberland's main areas of research. He addressed this problem in a second conference presentation, which has remained unpublished. This unpublished hitherto "lost manuscript" has been located and is examined with an eye to Cumberland's role as a disciplinary gatekeeper and boundary rider of New Zealand geography in the 1950s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the results of mixed‐methods research on Māori and cycling. Our findings suggest that Māori cycle at similar rates to Pākehā (NZ European); however conditions may differ, possibly indicating higher levels of "necessity cycling" amongst Māori. Māori experience similar barriers to cycling, including a lack of suitable cycling infrastructure, but these occur against a backdrop of stark social, economic and transport‐related inequities. Particular barriers for Māori may include inflexible work conditions, concerns about neighbourhood safety, inadequate provision for social cycling, and lack of access to places of importance to Māori. We identify potential solutions, including more whānau‐friendly and culturally safe cycling infrastructure, and cycling programmes designed around Māori commitments to whanaungatanga and kaitiakitanga. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cycling priorities and experiences of low‐income communities have traditionally received less research attention. This paper explores community perceptions of new cycling infrastructure within the Te Ara Mua – Future Streets project in the low‐cycling, low‐income, predominantly Pacific neighbourhood of Māngere Central, Auckland. Themes from seven key informant interviews and three focus groups included: local cycling norms; socio‐economic barriers; appreciation of the new community walking and cycling trail; desire for connectivity beyond the neighbourhood; concerns about on‐road bike lanes; support for local cycling champions; and tensions between views of the project as "experimentation" versus "investment." We explore the implications of these findings for cycling promotion in Aotearoa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of e‐scooters into the urban transport landscape has led to speculation regarding their potential to support transitions to healthy, sustainable and equitable urban mobility. This paper explores similarities between e‐scooter use and cycling in terms of user demographics and competencies required. We draw on data from a 2019 survey of users and non‐users of e‐scooters. Cycling experience is not strongly related to e‐scooter use or self‐reported competence. E‐scooters seem to appeal to a broader demographic than cycling. E‐scooter users are more likely to be young, able or male, raising questions surrounding equity of this emerging mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students and communities engaging with complex geographical issues require tools to assist them structure and contextualise data. This paper examines the use of mind mapping as a tool in geographical education. Case studies are presented from a sample of undergraduate and cross-cultural educational settings demonstrating the use of mind mapping in communication, analysis and problem solving. In critiquing this educational tool, we conclude that mind mapping is particularly effective with communities whose cultures are strong on visual communication but weaker on written communication and in cross-cultural situations where use of written English would disadvantage learners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grassland revolution is a national story but the intensification of New Zealand pastoral agriculture was made possible by many changes in farm practice, and application varied within New Zealand. This paper identifies aggregation issues in the narrative and explores their implications for any reassessment of the revolution. Data from six counties are analysed to illustrate some of the varied experiences across New Zealand farm districts. The paper redirects attention to local- and farm-scale studies as a way to investigate the significance of the diverse drivers of pastoral productivity, their timing and effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Housing Accords and Special Housing Areas Act 2013 (HASHAA) was passed under urgency to deal with housing affordability and land supply challenges across New Zealand. Representing a particular response at a particular point in time, the HASHAA was introduced under urgency and included provisions that allowed the Crown to override (housing) decisions of local authorities. Using post‐political theory in the analysis of evidence collected from transcripts from New Zealand Parliamentary Debates (Hansard), this paper exposes how processes and provisions of the HASHAA were an erosion of democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing migration regulation affects long‐term resident non‐citizen populations. Using New Zealanders living in Australia as an example, this paper explores the effect increasing migration regulation has had on this population and their ability to obtain Australian citizenship. Results from an online survey found that although 44.7% of respondents want to become a citizen, the eligibility requirements, cost and the application process were the main barriers to them doing so. Leaving them unable to secure their legal status in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cupples' ([3]) provocative paper explores the processes and practices of "geoscientisation", focusing on its material consequences and the forms of "epistemic erasure" (p. 4) it yields. AAS: ...has 22 National Committees for Science that are widely representative of its disciplines. We believe this title may help to distance the discipline from people's images of school geography and its classification in school curriculums as a humanity, and emphasise that it is a scientific discipline spanning the environmental and social sciences. The International Science Council's ([7]) vision is "to advance science as a global public good" and its mission is "to act as the global voice for science.". [Extracted from the article]

This paper examined the relationship between rurality and unintentional non‐fatal hospitalisations for falls and motorised vehicle transport injuries and their geographic patterns in New Zealand. Data were constructed from Statistics New Zealand's Integrated Data Infrastructure. Logistic regression revealed that the odds of hospitalisations from falls were lower in more rural areas, but motor vehicle injuries were higher. The odds of injured people being discharged from a ward increased with rurality for both injury types. This study discovered geographical disparities in the two injury types. The findings of this study direct attention to underlying contextual factors that require targeted prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the emergence of an administrative apparatus designed to filter, and in some cases, exclude certain classes of international traveller at the New Zealand border following the end of World War One (WWI). Drawing on Walters’ (2004) ideas of ‘geostrategies’, and specifically focusing on the abolishment of permits for movement across the Tasman Sea, the Undesirable Immigrants Exclusion Act 1919 and the Immigration Restriction Amendment Act 1920, the paper argues that this apparatus was characterized by shifting calculations of risk that shaped international mobility through New Zealand in profoundly uneven ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of nuisance macro-algae in estuaries is a worldwide problem. Monitoring algal cover has proven difficult in the past, in part due to the lack of adequate, universally accepted mapping protocols. This paper discusses a methodology to map algal cover which was successfully trialled in the Avon-Heathcote Estuary in January 2008. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remote rural areas have encountered significant change and the need for renegotiation of economic and social priorities in the late 20th and early 21st century. In our broader research, we ask how have such communities been responding to this change? What role have different organisations and agencies played? And, how have they acted on the aspirations of marginalised communities? In this paper we examine these issues through a case study of Westland District on the west coast of Aotearoa New Zealand's South Island. We probe the general shift towards prioritising tourism in the District, and highlight particular experiences in regard to Indigenous endeavour in tourism. We find that those engaged in leading local development and tourism have not collaborated strategically across the sector and have not established meaningful partnerships with the community that recognise both economic and socio‐cultural aspirations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Zealand government approach to regional development and the economy more broadly has oscillated from the 1970s economic growth and investment focus to 1980s neoliberal neglect, followed by the more recent rediscovery of the regions' importance in national economies, all with tenuous outcomes. This paper explores the changing scope of regional development initiatives by successive New Zealand governments over the last 60 years to show a pattern of opportunism and neglect that suggests regional development is more aligned to electoral priorities than regional success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional development has evolved in response to shifting local and global priorities. These shifts have transformed both the way we think about regions, their role and how that shapes the outcomes and benefits that might occur from engaging in regional development. Key debates centre around the ability (or desirability) of regional development interventions to unsettle path dependence and "lock‐in" created by past approaches and to create opportunities for alternative development futures and to provide choices between sectoral‐based investments to support economic activity in contrast to a more place‐based approach to regional development. This paper overviews the dynamic nature of regional development to offer reasons for its recent resurgence by highlighting the key debates about the purpose and function of regions and what regional development can or should do. We then discuss the New Zealand context specifically and use the first year of Provincial Growth Fund investments to reflect on how the processes, objectives and goals reflect particular interpretations of the meaning and purpose of regional development. We conclude that a strong adherence to a growth imperative has the potential to reinforce path dependencies at the expense of alternative development pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anzac Day in New Zealand has been traditionally framed within a nationalist discourse, in which the events of the day have provided the medium for the remembrance of a singular national event. Moving beyond this interpretative tradition the paper examines Anzac Day as a moment in the exercise of an ongoing governmental power concerned with issues of contemporary conduct. Focusing on interwar Auckland the paper traces the assemblage of time, space and rhetoric, which enabled the production of a commemorative, governmental landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]