1. Reduction of NR1 and phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II levels in Alzheimer's disease
- Author
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Koutoku Aihara, Naoki Amada, Masato Horie, and Rivka Ravid
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Blotting, Western ,Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase ,Biology ,Tropomyosin receptor kinase C ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ,medicine ,Humans ,Phosphorylation ,Protein kinase A ,Protein kinase B ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Flavoproteins ,Akt/PKB signaling pathway ,General Neuroscience ,Autophosphorylation ,Middle Aged ,Molecular biology ,Endocrinology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Postmortem Changes ,Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ,NMDA receptor ,Female ,Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 ,Oxidoreductases - Abstract
Ca 2+ influx through the N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor leads to activation and postsynaptic accumulation of Ca 2+ / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. NRI and NR2B subunits of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor serve as high-affinity Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II docking sites in dendritic spines on autophosphorylation of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. By comparative Western blot analysis, we show a reduction of NRI and phosphorylated Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease brains. We also found a significant correlation between phosphorylated Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and NRI levels. Our study extends the view that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor deficiency underlies memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease, and that this process likely involves insufficient activation of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
- Published
- 2005