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The authors present two cases of angiographically-confirmed anomalous origin of the posterior meningeal artery (PMA) from the lateral segment of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) and describe briefly the probable embryogenesis of this anomaly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case of a 55-year-old female with chondroblastoma arising from the left temporal bone is presented. Although 10 cases of temporal chondroblastoma have been reported, this is the first in which plain radiography, pluridirectional tomography, computed tomography (CT) and angiography were performed. We discuss the clinical and radiological aspects of this rare tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four cases of cerebral venous angioma were studied by both CT and angiography. All cases showed similar angiographic findings: a normal arterial phase and a local network of small veins that converged centrally into a single large draining vein. However, CT showed nodular areas of high density in three cases, and a curvilinear enhanced lesion representing the draining vein in the other. CT findings are nonspecific but very useful for detecting the lesion and demonstrating the associated hematoma. Angiographic findings are not so obvious as in AVM, but are necessary for the final diagnosis of the venous angioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the spatial coefficient of variation of arterial spin labeling (ASL-CoV) acquired in clinical settings can be used to estimate decreased cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measured with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and acetazolamide challenge in patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of intra- or extracranial arteries., Methods: We evaluated the data of 27 atherosclerotic stenosis patients who underwent pseudocontinuous ASL and SPECT. After spatial normalization, regional values were measured using the distributed middle cerebral artery territorial atlas of each patient. We performed comparisons, correlations, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses between ASL-cerebral blood blow (CBF), ASL-CoV, SPECT-CBF and SPECT-CVR., Results: Although the ASL-CBF values were positively correlated with SPECT-CBF values (r = 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28-0.64), no significant difference in ASL-CBF values was detected between regions with and without decreased CVR. However, regions with decreased CVR had significantly greater ASL-CoV values than regions without decreased CVR. SPECT-CVR was negatively correlated with ASL-CoV (ρ = -0.29, 95% CI = -0.49 - -0.06). The area under the ROC curve of ASL-CoV in predicting decreased CVR (0.66, 95% CI = 0.51-0.81) was greater than that of ASL-CBF (0.51, 95% CI = 0.34-0.68). An ASL-CoV threshold value of 42% achieved a high specificity of 0.93 (sensitivity = 0.42, positive predictive value = 0.77, and negative predictive value = 0.75)., Conclusion: ASL-CoV acquired by single postlabeling delay without an acetazolamide challenge may aid in the identification of patients with decreased CVR on SPECT., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the spatial coefficient of variation of arterial spin labeling (ASL-CoV) acquired in clinical settings can be used to estimate the hemodynamic disturbances measured with 15 O-gas positron emission tomography (PET), especially an increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), in patients with moyamoya disease., Methods: We evaluated 68 adult patients with moyamoya disease who underwent ASL (postlabeling delay (PLD) = 1525 ms and 2525 ms) and PET. Regional values were measured using the middle cerebral artery territorial atlas divided into proximal, middle, and distal regions based on the arterial transit time, and correlations of ASL-CoV with cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, mean transit time, and OEF, as well as the relationship between increased OEF and ASL-CoV, were evaluated., Results: Regardless of the choice of region and PLD, ASL-CoV was significantly correlated with PET-measured parameters, including OEF (|ρ|= 0.30-0.80, P < 0.001). Regions with an increased OEF showed a significantly higher ASL-CoV than regions with a nonincreased OEF (P ≤ 0.03) regardless of the choice of region and PLD. The accuracy of identification of an increased OEF was highest when using a PLD of 1525 ms and the middle region (area under the curve = 0.750; using a cutoff value of 31.27, sensitivity = 97.4%, specificity = 41.7%, negative predictive value = 92.6%, and positive predictive value = 67.9%)., Conclusion: ASL-CoV may help identify patients with increased OEF., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)