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Keon Hui Lee,1,* Su Hyun Bong,1,* Dae Hun Kang,2 Tae Young Choi,1 Jun Won Kim1 1Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Psychiatry, The Armed Forces Daejeon Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jun Won KimCatholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, 17-Gil 33 Duryugongwon-Ro, Nam-Gu Daegu 42472, South KoreaTel +82-53-650-4780Fax +82-53-623-1694Email f_affection@hotmail.comBackground: Obesity in adolescents is associated with their mental as well as physical health. Adolescents tend to have negative or distorted perceptions about their body weight; however, the effects of such weight misperception on mental health remain unclear. This study investigated the association between weight misperception and mental health in Korean adolescents.Methods: The analysis was based on the Korea Youth Risk Behavior web-based survey 2017 dataset, which included data from 62,276 middle and high school students at 800 schools throughout Korea. The students were divided into three groups according to whether they overestimated their body weight, underestimated it, or had no misperception. The mental health characteristics of the overestimation and no misperception groups were compared through multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: Based on their body mass index, male adolescents were more likely to be overweight than female adolescents (p < 0.001) and less likely to have weight misperception. The female adolescents were more likely to overestimate their body weight and less likely to underestimate it (p < 0.001). The male adolescents and female adolescents who overestimated their body weight had significantly lower levels of subjective happiness than their peers had and were more likely to experience subjective stress, sadness/despair, suicidal ideation, and suicide planning. Compared with their peers who have no misperception, male adolescents with overestimation were less likely to drink alcohol (odds ratio [OR], 0.903) or smoke (OR, 0.871), whereas female adolescents with overestimation were more likely to drink alcohol (OR, 1.107) and smoke (OR, 1.130).Conclusion: Male and female adolescents who overestimated their body weight experienced more psychological problems. Thus, interventions to assist adolescents to gain realistic weight perception may be beneficial. Particularly, more attention needs to be given to female adolescents, who are more likely to overestimate their body weight compared with their male counterparts.Keywords: weight perception, adolescent, mental health, body mass index, body image

Kyoung Min Kim,1 Haebin Kim,2 Jae-Won Choi,3 Soo Yeon Kim,4 Jun Won Kim5 1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Jun Won KimDepartment of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, 3056-6 Daemyeong-4 Dong, Nam-gu, Daegu 705-718, Republic of KoreaTel +82 53 650 4332Fax +82 53 623 1694Email f_affection@naver.comPurpose: This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of problematic internet use (PIU) in a large sample of adolescents based on the type of internet service used.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from 2008 to 2010, and 223,542 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years participated in the study. The participants responded to a self-report questionnaire including items for demographic factors, internet usage time, most used internet service and mental health. The PIU was assessed with the Internet Addiction Proneness Scale for Youth-Short Form.Results: The overall prevalence rate of PIU was 5.2%, and the prevalence rates stratified by sex were 7.7% in boys and 3.8% in girls. The distribution of most used internet services was significantly different across sexes. The most commonly used internet services were gaming (58.1%) in boys and blogging (22.1%) and messenger/chatting (20.3%) in girls. The odds ratio for PIU was significantly different according to the most used internet service; using the internet mostly for pornography compared to information searching had the highest odds ratio (4.526-fold higher). Depressive episodes, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempts were significantly associated with higher odds ratios for PIU (1.725-, 1.747- and 1.361-fold, respectively).Conclusion: The present study identified clinically important information about PIU in adolescents. The distribution of PIU has different patterns based on sex and specific internet services. Studies of PIU with well-defined methodology and assessment tools for PIU of each specific internet service are needed.Keywords: addiction, adolescence, sex differences, internet usage

Jaewon Lee,1,* Sam-Wook Choi,2,* Kyoung Min Kim,3 Young Sik Lee,4 Jun Won Kim51Department of Psychiatry, Easybrain Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Psychiatry, True Mind Mental Health Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Gambling disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling. In the present study, we evaluated the characteristics of resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings in patients with gambling disorder. In addition, we explored the association between the EEG characteristics of the patients and the stages of change in a transtheoretical model.Methods: All participants were men who visited a gambling disorder clinic in Seoul, Korea. At the assessment, questionnaires, including the Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RCQ), were administered and resting-state EEGs were carried out. Participants were grouped based on Ward’s method for cluster analysis. Independent sample t-tests were used to evaluate group differences. To assess the relationship between the clinical data and the EEG recordings, we used Pearson’s partial correlation analysis.Results: Overall, 63 male participants were enrolled. Cluster analysis of the alpha activity revealed two clusters. No significant differences were observed in the demographic or clinical data between the two groups except for the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We found that the precontemplation score of the RCQ was positively correlated with the z-score of the relative alpha power in almost all cortical regions.Conclusion: This study suggests that EEG parameters, particularly alpha activity, could inform us about the subtypes or stages of change in gambling disorder. Alpha power is the predominant EEG rhythm in a relaxed, alert person; thus, alpha power serves as an index of relaxation. We expect that the level of alpha activity could be utilized as an additional parameter to help clinicians assess and treat patients with gambling disorder.Keywords: quantitative electroencephalography, gambling disorder, stages-of-change model, alpha activity