1. In Vivo Magnetic Recording of Neuronal Activity
- Author
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Claude Fermon, Joao Valadeiro, Pascal Fries, Jianguang Ni, Josué Trejo Rosillo, Susana Cardoso, Laure Caruso, Paulo P. Freitas, Patrick Jendritza, José Amaral, Vincent Trauchessec, Thomas Wunderle, Myriam Pannetier-Lecoeur, Christopher M. Lewis, Laboratoire Nano-Magnétisme et Oxydes (LNO), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation (ESI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university [Nijmegen], and Radboud University [Nijmegen]
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Biophysics ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Neuropil ,Animals ,Premovement neuronal activity ,Evoked Potentials ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,Visual Cortex ,Neurons ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Physics ,0303 health sciences ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,General Neuroscience ,Magnetoencephalography ,equipment and supplies ,Magnetic field ,Electrophysiology ,030104 developmental biology ,Visual cortex ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cats ,Female ,Electric potential ,Neuroscience ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomedical engineering ,Voltage - Abstract
SUMMARYNeuronal activity generates ionic flows and thereby both magnetic fields and electric potential differences, i.e. voltages. Voltage measurements are widely used, but suffer from isolating and smearing properties of tissue between source and sensor, are blind to ionic flow direction, and reflect the difference between two electrodes, complicating interpretation. Magnetic field measurements could overcome these limitations, but have been essentially limited to magnetoencephalography (MEG), using centimeter-sized, helium-cooled extracranial sensors. Here, we report on in vivo magnetic recordings of neuronal activity from visual cortex of cats with magnetrodes, specially developed needle-shaped probes carrying micron-sized, non-cooled magnetic sensors based on spin electronics. Event-related magnetic fields inside the neuropil were on the order of several nanoteslas, informing MEG source models and efforts for magnetic field measurements through MRI. Though the signal-to-noise ratio is still inferior to electrophysiology, this proof of concept demonstrates the potential to exploit the fundamental advantages of magnetophysiology.HIGHLIGHTSSpin-electronics based probes achieve local magnetic recordings inside the neuropilMagnetic field recordings were performed in vivo, in anesthetized cat visual cortexEvent-related fields (ERFs) to visual stimuli were up to several nanoteslas in sizeERFs could be detected after averaging less than 20 trialsIN BRIEFCaruso et al. report in vivo, intra-cortical recordings of magnetic fields that reflect neuronal activity, using magnetrodes, i.e. micron size magnetic sensors based on spin electronics.
- Published
- 2017