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25 results on '"Lyons, K"'

9. Genetic polymorphisms of the N-acetyltransferase genes and risk of Parkinson's disease

Author

van der Walt, J. M., primary, Martin, E.R., additional, Scott, W. K., additional, Zhang, F., additional, Nance, M.A., additional, Watts, R. L., additional, Hubble, J. P., additional, Haines, J. L., additional, Koller, W. C., additional, Lyons, K., additional, Pahwa, R., additional, Stern, M. B., additional, Colcher, A., additional, Hiner, B. C., additional, Jankovic, J., additional, Ondo, W. G., additional, Allen, F. H., additional, Goetz, C. G., additional, Small, G. W., additional, Mastaglia, F., additional, Roses, A. D., additional, Stajich, J. M., additional, Booze, M.W., additional, Fujiwara, K., additional, Gibson, R. A., additional, Middleton, L. T., additional, Scott, B. L., additional, Pericak-Vance, M. A., additional, and Vance, J. M., additional

Published
2003
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23. Ropinirole 24-hour prolonged release: randomized, controlled study in advanced Parkinson disease.

Author

Pahwa R, Stacy MA, Factor SA, Lyons KE, Stocchi F, Hersh BP, Elmer LW, Truong DD, and Earl NL

Subjects
Aged, Antiparkinson Agents administration & dosage, Antiparkinson Agents adverse effects, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Indoles administration & dosage, Indoles adverse effects, International Cooperation, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Antiparkinson Agents therapeutic use, Drug Delivery Systems methods, Indoles therapeutic use, Parkinson Disease drug therapy
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ropinirole 24-hour prolonged release (ropinirole 24-hour) as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and motor fluctuations., Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week study, 393 subjects with PD were randomized to ropinirole 24-hour (n = 202) or placebo (n = 191). The primary outcome measure was reduction in hours of daily "off" time., Results: At week 24, the mean dose of ropinirole 24-hour was 18.8 mg/day with a mean reduction in daily levodopa of 278 mg. There was a mean reduction in daily "off" time of 2.1 hours in the ropinirole 24-hour group and 0.3 hours with placebo. Secondary outcome measures including change in hours and percent of daily "on" time and "on" time without troublesome dyskinesia, Unified PD Rating Scale motor and activities of daily living subscales, Beck Depression Inventory-II, PDQ-39 subscales of mobility, activities of daily living, emotional well-being, stigma and communication, and PD Sleep Scale were significantly improved at week 24 with ropinirole 24-hour. The most common adverse events (AE) with ropinirole 24-hour were dyskinesia, nausea, dizziness, somnolence, hallucinations, and orthostatic hypotension and AEs led to study withdrawal in 5% of both the active and placebo groups., Conclusion: Ropinirole 24-hour was effective and well tolerated as adjunct therapy in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) not optimally controlled with levodopa. Ropinirole 24-hour demonstrated an improvement in both motor and non-motor PD symptoms, while permitting a reduction in adjunctive levodopa dose.

Published
2007
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24. Surgical treatment of essential tremor.

Author

Pahwa R, Lyons K, and Koller WC

Subjects
Essential Tremor physiopathology, Humans, Morbidity, Neurosurgical Procedures adverse effects, Essential Tremor surgery, Ventral Thalamic Nuclei surgery
Abstract

Surgical treatment for essential tremor (ET) has been used since the early 1950s. Initially, different areas were targeted for tremor control. However, the optimal target was eventually determined to be the ventralis intermedius (VIM) nucleus of the thalamus. Thalamotomy improves contralateral tremor in more than 90% of patients. Long-term studies of thalamotomy indicate that the benefits continue in most patients. Persistent morbidity associated with thalamotomy, which occurs in less than 10% of patients, includes dysarthria, dysequilibrium, weakness, and cognitive impairment. Bilateral thalamotomy is associated with substantial morbidity and is usually avoided. Studies demonstrate that chronic stimulation of the VIM is safe and effective for tremor. Adverse effects of chronic stimulation include paresthesia, dysarthria, dysequilibrium, and localized pain. In many patients, bilateral thalamic stimulation is performed without a substantial increase in morbidity. ET patients with disabling medication-resistant tremor are reasonable candidates for these stereotactic procedures.

Published
2000

25. Deep brain stimulation of the Vim nucleus of the thalamus for the treatment of tremor.

Author

Koller WC, Pahwa PR, Lyons KE, and Wilkinson SB

Subjects
Humans, Electric Stimulation Therapy methods, Parkinson Disease physiopathology, Parkinson Disease therapy, Ventral Thalamic Nuclei physiopathology
Abstract

The surgical treatment of tremor has evolved considerably in the past few years. Of the several conditions associated with severe tremor, the most common are Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Levodopa therapy reduced drastically the number of patients with PD who require surgery because of inadequate control. However, there remains a small number of "tremor dominant" PD patients for whom surgical treatment is often the best option. The ventralis intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus has been the preferred surgical target for the treatment of parkinsonian tremor for many years, but this is now challenged by the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of either target possesses high therapeutic efficacy against tremor in PD. ET may be difficult to treat pharmacologically. Thalamotomy is an effective surgical procedure for ameliorating ET but may be associated with persistent neurologic deficits. DBS of the thalamus is also a highly effective means of reducing ET. DBS appears to be safer than thalamotomy and is now the recommended surgical procedure.

Published
2000

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