5 results on '"Akdemir, O."'
Search Results
2. Supra- and infra-torcular double occipital encephalocele.
- Author
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Canaz H, Ayçiçek E, Akçetin MA, Akdemir O, Alataş I, and Özdemir B
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Occipital Bone, Encephalocele pathology
- Abstract
An encephalocele is a protrusion of the brain and/or meninges through a defect in the skull that is closed or covered with skin. Occipital encephaloceles are the most frequent type in North America and Western Europe, where about 85% of encephaloceles take this form. To the best of our knowledge, there are only three other reported cases of double occipital encephaloceles in the literature. The current study reports a double and both supra- and infra-torcular occipital encephalocele in a neonate and discusses the importance of preoperative neuroimaging studies to optimize the outcome. The patient was a 1-day-old male child who was identified by prenatal ultrasound to have two occipital encephaloceles. The patient underwent a closure of the occipital encephalocele on the second postnatal day. The infant tolerated the procedure well and was extubated on the first postoperative day. The child continues to do well during follow-up., (Copyright © 2014 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. AR-A014418 as a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor: anti-apoptotic and therapeutic potential in experimental spinal cord injury.
- Author
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Tunçdemir M, Yıldırım A, Karaoğlan A, Akdemir O, and Oztürk M
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Lameness, Animal etiology, Lameness, Animal prevention & control, Laminectomy, Male, Mitochondria drug effects, Mitochondria pathology, Motor Neurons drug effects, Motor Neurons pathology, Necrosis, Nerve Degeneration etiology, Nerve Degeneration prevention & control, Nerve Tissue Proteins analysis, Paraplegia etiology, Random Allocation, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Spinal Cord chemistry, Spinal Cord pathology, Spinal Cord Compression drug therapy, Spinal Cord Compression enzymology, Spinal Cord Compression pathology, Spinal Cord Injuries enzymology, Spinal Cord Injuries pathology, Thiazoles pharmacology, Transforming Growth Factor beta1 analysis, Urea pharmacology, Urea therapeutic use, bcl-2-Associated X Protein analysis, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Apoptosis drug effects, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 antagonists & inhibitors, Paraplegia prevention & control, Spinal Cord Injuries drug therapy, Thiazoles therapeutic use, Urea analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effects of AR-A014418, a strong inhibitor specific to GSK-3beta, on neuronal apoptosis and neuroprotection in the traumatic SCI model., Materials and Methods: In this study, three groups were generated from 36 Wistar rats; (1) control, (2) spinal cord trauma group created by clip compression technique after laminectomy, and (3) AR-A014418 (4mg/kg, i.p., DMSO) treatment group after laminectomy and spinal cord trauma. The TUNEL assay for apoptosis detection, immunohistochemical staining for bax and TGF-beta were applied in spinal cord tissues. For light microscopic examination, necrotic, and apoptotic cells were counted, and PMNL counting was applied to detect inflammation. Functional recovery was tested by field locomotor test in the 3rd and 7th days following surgery., Results: In the trauma group, diffuse hemorrhage, cavitation, necrosis and edematous regions, degeneration in motor neurons and leukocyte infiltration were observed in gray matter. In the AR-A014418-treated groups, healthy cells were observed in more places compared to the trauma groups, however, cavitation, hemorrhagic, and edematous areas were seen in gray matter. In the AR-A014418-treatment groups, the number of apoptotic cells in the 3rd and 7th days (respectively; p<0.05, p<0.01), were significantly decreased compared to the trauma groups, as were the levels of bax (p<0.01) and TGF-beta 1 immunoreactivity. Results of the locomotor test were significantly increased in the treatment group (p<0.001) as compared to the trauma group., Conclusions: In this experimental spinal cord trauma model study neural apoptosis was significantly triggered in secondary damage developed after trauma, however, neurological healing was expedited by preventing mitochondrial apoptosis and reducing the inflammation by the potent inhibitor AR-A014418, which is GSK-3beta selective., (Copyright © 2011 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Q-VD-OPh, a pancaspase inhibitor, reduces trauma-induced apoptosis and improves the recovery of hind-limb function in rats after spinal cord injury.
- Author
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Colak A, Antar V, Karaoğlan A, Akdemir O, Sahan E, Celik O, and Sağmanligil A
- Subjects
- Animals, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Male, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Spinal Cord cytology, Spinal Cord drug effects, Spinal Cord enzymology, Spinal Cord pathology, Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones pharmacology, Apoptosis drug effects, Caspase Inhibitors, Hindlimb pathology, Quinolines pharmacology, Recovery of Function drug effects, Spinal Cord Injuries enzymology, Spinal Cord Injuries pathology, Spinal Cord Injuries physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: Various caspases have been implicated in the development of secondary damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Anticaspase therapy that targets only one caspase has been investigated in a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies. This study examined the neuroprotective effects of Q-VD-OPh, a pan-caspase inhibitor, in a rat model of SCI., Methods: Thirty Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups of 10 each: the sham-operated controls (group 1), the trauma-created controls (group 2), and the QVD- OPh-treated rats (group 3). An SCI (a trauma of 40 g-cm) was produced at the thoracic level (T8-T10) by the weight-drop technique. The response to injury and the neuroprotective effects of Q-VD-OPh were investigated by histopathologic examination and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) 24 hours and 5 days after trauma. The inclined plane technique of Rivlin and Tator and a modified version of Tarlov's grading scale were used to assess the functional status of the rats 24 hours, 3 days, and 5 days after injury., Results: Twenty-four hours after trauma, light microscopic examination of a specimen taken from group 2 rats revealed hemorrhage, necrosis, vascular thrombi, and edema. Group 3 tissue samples showed similar features at that time. Twenty-four hours after trauma, the mean apoptotic cell number was 4.47 +/- 0.35 cells in group 2 and 1.58 +/- 0.33 in group 3. Five days after injury, the mean apoptotic cell count was 4.35 +/- 0.47 in group 2 and 1.25 +/- 0.34 in group 3. Thus the number of TUNEL-positive cells in an injured spinal cord was greatly reduced by treatment with Q-VDOPh. The neurologic function scores (both the inclined plane performance and motor grading scores) were significantly better in the Q-VD-OPh-treated group than in the trauma-created control group., Conclusion: The marked antiapoptotic properties of Q-VD-OPh due to the inhibition of all caspases render it a promising novel agent. A therapeutic strategy using Q-VD-OPh may eventually lead to the effective treatment of SCI in humans.
- Published
- 2009
5. Calpain inhibitor AK 295 inhibits calpain-induced apoptosis and improves neurologic function after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats.
- Author
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Colak A, Kaya M, Karaoğlan A, Sağmanligil A, Akdemir O, Sahan E, and Celik O
- Subjects
- Animals, Calpain metabolism, Humans, Motor Activity physiology, Random Allocation, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Spinal Cord anatomy & histology, Spinal Cord drug effects, Spinal Cord pathology, Apoptosis drug effects, Calpain antagonists & inhibitors, Dipeptides pharmacology, Dipeptides therapeutic use, Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology, Neuroprotective Agents therapeutic use, Recovery of Function drug effects, Spinal Cord Injuries drug therapy, Spinal Cord Injuries pathology
- Abstract
Background: An increase in the level of intracellular calcium activates the calcium-dependent neutral protease calpain, which in turn leads to cellular dysfunction and cell death after an insult to the central nervous system. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a calpain inhibitor, AK 295, on spinal cord structure, neurologic function, and apoptosis after spinal cord injury (SCI) in a murine model., Methods: Thirty albino Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 10 each: the sham-operated control group (group 1), the spinal cord trauma group (group 2), and the spinal cord trauma plus AK 295 treatment group (group 3). After having received a combination of ketamine 60 mg/kg and xylazine 9 mg/kg to induce anesthesia, the rats in groups 2 and 3 were subjected to thoracic trauma by the weight drop technique (40 g-cm). One hour after having been subjected to that trauma, the rats in groups 2 and 3 were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of either dimethyl sulfoxide 2 mg/kg or AK 295 2 mg/kg. The effects of the injury and the efficacy of AK 295 were determined by an assessment of the TUNEL technique and the results of examination with a light microscope. The neurologic performance of 5 rats from group 2 and 5 from group 3 was assessed by means of the inclined plane technique and the modified Tarlov's motor grading scale 1, 3, and 5 days after spinal cord trauma., Findings: Light-microscopic examination of spinal cord specimens from group 2 revealed hemorrhage, edema, necrosis, and vascular thrombi 24 hours after trauma. Similar (but less prominent) features were seen in specimens obtained from group 3 rats. Twenty-four hours after injury, the mean apoptotic cell numbers in groups 1 and 2 were zero and 4.57 +/- 0.37 cells, respectively. In group 3, the mean apoptotic cell number was 2.30 +/- 0.34 cells, a value significantly lower than that in group 2 (P < .05). Five days after trauma, the injured rats in group 2 demonstrated significant motor dysfunction (P < .05). In comparison, the motor scores exhibited by group 3 rats were markedly better (P < .05)., Conclusions: AK 295 inhibited apoptosis via calpaindependent pathways and provided neuroprotection and improved neurologic function in a rat model of SCI. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the use of AK 295, a calpain inhibitor, after SCI. Our data suggest that AK 295 might be a novel therapeutic compound for the neuroprotection of tissue and the recovery of function in patients with a SCI.
- Published
- 2009
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