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An encyclopedia entry for the networking term "Rate Increase Factor" (RIF) is presented. It is an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) Available Bit Rate (ABR) service parameter that controls the amount by which the cell transmission rate may increase upon receipt of a resource management (RM)-cell. RIF, for ABR traffic, effects the time rate of change of the allowed cell rate (ACR).

A definition of the computer security term "Egress Filtering" is presented. It refers to the process of filtering outbound traffic.

A definition of the term "egress" is presented. It refers to the traffic leaving the network.

An encyclopedia entry for "Dynamic Buffer Management" is presented. It is a scheme used by Frame Relay and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) service modules for allocating and scaling traffic entering or leaving a node on a per-virtual circuit (VC) basis. It states that the wide area network (WAN) switch dynamically assigns buffers to individual VCs based upon the amount of traffic present and service-level agreements.

A definition of the term "Uninsured Traffic" is presented. It refers to the traffic in an ATM network within the excess rate, which is the difference between the insured rate and the maximum rate, for an ATM VCC. If congestion occurs, the network could drop this traffic.

A definition of the term "Type of Service" is presented. It is a one byte field in the IPv4 header that has had various purposes over the years. Type of Service byte is a six-bit Differentiated Services Code Point and a two-bit Explicit Congestion Notification field.

A definition of the term "Type B Traffic" is presented. It refers to the messaging Traffic. An example is the electronic mail application traffic.

A definition of the term "Type A Traffic" is presented. In networking, Type A Traffic refers to the transactional traffic or host to host traffic. An example is the conversational traffic exchanged between a client and a server for queries and responses.

A definition of the term "Traffic-Flow Security" in telecommunications is presented. The term refers to the use of measures that conceal the presence of valid messages on a communications circuit to prevent traffic analysts. It is normally achieved by causing the circuit to appear busy at all times.

A definition of the term "Traffic Usage" in telecommunications is presented. The term refers to the total occupancy of a network, which is calculated as the product of holding time and calling rate. It can be expressed as call-hours and may consist many short calls or a few long calls.

A definition of the term "Traffic Shaping" in computer networking is presented. The term refers to a network traffic management method that uses queues to limit surges that can congest a network. It is employed in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), Frame Relay and other types of networks where data is buffered and then sent into the network in regulated amounts.

A definition of the term "Traffic Service Position System" in telecommunications is presented. The term refers to the ability of the former AT&T 5ESS Operator Services Position System (OSPS) to provide several applications simultaneously on one switching system. One OSPS switch can serve up to 128 teams of operators handling different applications, such as directory, tool and operator assistance.

A definition of the term "Traffic Policing" in computer networking is presented. The term refers to a process used to measure the actual traffic flow across a given connection and compare it to the total admissible traffic flow for that connection. It is used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Frame Relay and other types of networks.

A definition of the term "Traffic Path" in computer networking is presented. The term refers to a route of a bearer channel that carries voice traffic.

A definition of the term "Traffic Management" in computer networking is presented. The term includes subjects such as network bandwidth control and allocation, communication delay reduction and congestion minimization. Its aim is to manage network resources efficiently and provide users the bandwidth and service level as desired.

A definition of the term "Traffic Grooming" in telecommunications is presented. The term refers to the process of taking telecommunications traffic and sorting it into the most efficient arrangement possible.

A definition of the term "Traffic Flow Confidentiality" in computer security is presented. The term refers to a data confidentiality service that aims to protect against traffic analysis.

A definition of the term "Traffic Engineering Tunnel" in computer networking is presented. The term refers to a label-switched tunnel that is used for traffic engineering. The tunnel is set up through means other than normal Layer 3 routing and is used to direct traffic over a path different from the one that Layer 3 routing could cause the tunnel to take.

A definition of the term "Traffic Engineering" in computer networking is presented. The term refers to the technique and processes that cause routed traffic to travel through the network on a path other than the one that would have been chosen if standard routing methods were used. It is used for network load balancing and bandwidth usage optimization.

A definition of the term "Traffic Channel - Half Rate" in wireless communication is presented. The term refers to the traffic channel using half rate voice coding.

A definition of the term "Traffic Channel - Full Rate" in wireless communication is presented. The term refers to the traffic channel using full rate voice coding.

A definition of the term "Traffic Channel" in wireless communication is presented. The term refers to the logical channel that allows the transmission of speech or data. It can be either full or half rate in most second generation systems.

A definition of the term "Traffic Capacity" in telecommunications is presented. The term refers to the total volume of traffic that a communications facility can handle within a specified time period.

A definition of the term "Traffic Analysis" in computer networking is presented. The term refers to the process of capturing network traffic for analysis using certain tools. The analysis includes the identities and locations of the source(s) and destination(s), and the presence, amount, frequency and duration of occurrence.

An encyclopedia entry for "Token Ring Inter-Switch Link" (TRISL) is presented. It is a Cisco protocol for interconnecting multiple routers and switches and maintaining Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) information as traffic goes between routers and switches. It also offers a way to transport native Token Ring frames from multiple VLAN across a 100-megabyte (MB) Fast Ethernet link.

A definition of the term "Time Consistent Busy Hour" is presented. It refers to the identical hour each day over a number of days during which the highest average traffic is measured.

A definition of the term "tagged traffic" is presented. Sometimes called DE traffic, tagged traffic refers to the ATM cells that have their cell loss priority (CLP) bit set to 1 for low priority. If the network is congested, tagged traffic can be dropped to ensure the delivery of higher-priority traffic.

A definition of the term "tag" is presented. In internetworking, a tag refers to the identification information included in a packet, which includes a number plus other information. It is used for traffic classification and prioritization.

A definition of the term "signaling gateway" is presented. In the context of telecommunication and networking, this gateway processes signaling traffic. It sends and receives public switched telephone network signaling at the edge of Internet Protocol/Asynchronous Transfer Mode network in a Voice over Internet Protocol network.

A definition of the term "Severely Errored Cell Block Ratio" is presented. It refers to the ratio of severely errored cell blocks in a transmission in relation to the total cell blocks sent in a transmission associated with a given traffic load, orientation and distribution, along with an integration period.

A definition of the term "Severely Errored Cell Block Ratio" is presented. It refers to the ratio of severely errored cell blocks in a transmission in relation to the total cell blocks sent in a transmission associated with a given traffic load, orientation and distribution, along with an integration period.

A definition of the term "rate limiting" is presented. It refers to the function of controlling the maximum rate of traffic sent or received on a network interface. Traffic that is less than or equal to the specified rate is sent, while traffic that exceeds the rate is dropped or delayed.

An encyclopedia entry for "Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) On Motherboard" (ROMB) is presented. It refers to RAID circuits built on the motherboard rather than a plug-in host adapter. It is a memory system in which the RAID component of the system is kept separate from the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) buses so that the PCI buses do not interfere with RAID traffic and cause bottlenecking. It is stated that the ROMB saves a PCI slot and improves speed.

An encyclopedia entry on "Quality of Service (QoS) parameters" is presented. They refer to the parameters that control the priority, reliability, speed and amount of traffic sending over a telecommunications network. Examples of typical QoS parameters are throughput, bandwidth, transit delay, jitter, loss ratio and error rate.

A definition of the term "Promiscuous Mode" is presented. It refers to a machine or software reading all packets off the network, without considering who they are addressed to. Network administrators use machine or software to diagnose network problems, while unauthorized people use it to eavesdrop on network traffic.

An encyclopedia entry on "ping flood" is presented. In computer security, it occurs when a broadcast storm of pings overwhelms the target system so it cannot respond to legitimate traffic.

A definition of the term "passive attack," in relation to computer security, is presented. It refers to any form of attack that does not modify or change network traffic.

A definition of the term "Pass Along Method" is presented. In the context of telecommunications, this refers to a signaling scheme wherein a signaling traffic information is sent along the signaling path of a previously established physical connection.

A definition of the term "Paessler Router Traffic Grapher" (PRTG) is presented. It refers to a network and bandwidth usage monitoring software that has become the Microsoft Windows standard alternative to Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) for bandwidth and network monitoring.

An encyclopedia entry for "packet switch network" is presented. It refers to the type of network in which relatively small units of data called packets are routed through a network based on the destination address contained within each packet. It states that breaking communication down into packets allows the same data path to be shared among many users in the network. It is inferred that most Internet traffic uses packet switching.

An encyclopedia entry for "packet sniffing" is presented. It is a form of wiretap applied to computer networks instead of telephone networks. Packet sniffing came into trend with Ethernet, which means that traffic on a segment passes by all hosts attached to that segment. It states that Ethernet cards have a filter that prevents the host machine from seeing traffic addressed to other stations.

An encyclopedia entry for "packet sniffer" is presented. Also known as Network Analyzers or Packet Analyzer or Protocol Analyzer, packet sniffers are software programs which can capture traffic passing over a network or part of a network. It is stated that as data streams travel back and forth over the network, packet sniffers capture each packet and eventually decodes and analyzes its content according to the protocol structure.

A definition of the term "overflow load" is presented. It refers to a part of the offered traffic of telecommunications that is not carried. An example given shows that overflow traffic equals offered traffic minus carried traffic.

An encyclopedia entry for Only-Route Trunk Group is presented. Only-Route Trunk Group is a group that provides one and only route for particular traffic items. It receives only first route traffic, does not receive overflow traffic, and has no alternate route.

A definition of the term "offered traffic" is presented. It refers to a measurement in telecommunications that stands for the total attempts to seize a group of servers.

A definition of the term "offered load" is presented. It refers to the total traffic load, including load that results from retries, submitted to a telecommunications system, group of servers, or the network over a circuit.

A definition of the term "Non-Service-Affecting" is presented. It is a category of conditions that do not interrupt payload traffic.

An encyclopedia entry for "Network Monitor" is presented. It is generic name for a type of network monitoring tools that are used to view network devices, service activities, and user activities, and monitor network traffic at the packet level.

A definition of the term "Network Sniffing" is presented. It refers to a computer connected to a network through promiscuous mode, listening to every traffic that goes by on the network and captures all the data. Usually, a computer's network connection overlooks traffic that is not addressed to it, however with sniffing software the computer will pick up everything.

A definition of the term "Media Rate" is presented. It refers to the maximum traffic throughput for a particular physical media type.