Search

Your search keyword '"Zhu P"' showing total 5,947 results
Start Over Author "Zhu P" Journal nature communications
5,947 results on '"Zhu P"'

1. Long-lived topological time-crystalline order on a quantum processor.

Author

Xiang, Liang, Jiang, Wenjie, Bao, Zehang, Song, Zixuan, Xu, Shibo, Wang, Ke, Chen, Jiachen, Jin, Feitong, Zhu, Xuhao, Zhu, Zitian, Shen, Fanhao, Wang, Ning, Zhang, Chuanyu, Wu, Yaozu, Zou, Yiren, Zhong, Jiarun, Cui, Zhengyi, Zhang, Aosai, Tan, Ziqi, Li, Tingting, Gao, Yu, Deng, Jinfeng, Zhang, Xu, Dong, Hang, Zhang, Pengfei, Jiang, Si, Li, Weikang, Lu, Zhide, Sun, Zheng-Zhi, Li, Hekang, Wang, Zhen, Song, Chao, Guo, Qiujiang, Liu, Fangli, Gong, Zhe-Xuan, Gorshkov, Alexey, Yao, Norman, Iadecola, Thomas, Machado, Francisco, Wang, H, and Deng, Dong-Ling

Abstract

Topologically ordered phases of matter elude Landaus symmetry-breaking theory, featuring a variety of intriguing properties such as long-range entanglement and intrinsic robustness against local perturbations. Their extension to periodically driven systems gives rise to exotic new phenomena that are forbidden in thermal equilibrium. Here, we report the observation of signatures of such a phenomenon-a prethermal topologically ordered time crystal-with programmable superconducting qubits arranged on a square lattice. By periodically driving the superconducting qubits with a surface code Hamiltonian, we observe discrete time-translation symmetry breaking dynamics that is only manifested in the subharmonic temporal response of nonlocal logical operators. We further connect the observed dynamics to the underlying topological order by measuring a nonzero topological entanglement entropy and studying its subsequent dynamics. Our results demonstrate the potential to explore exotic topologically ordered nonequilibrium phases of matter with noisy intermediate-scale quantum processors.

Published
2024

2. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals aberrant skin-resident cell populations and identifies fibroblasts as a determinant in rosacea.

Author

Chen, Mengting, Yang, Li, Zhou, Peijie, Jin, Suoqin, Wu, Zheng, Tan, Zixin, Xiao, Wenqin, Xu, San, Zhu, Yan, Wang, Mei, Jian, Dan, Liu, Fangfen, Tang, Yan, Zhao, Zhixiang, Huang, Yingxue, Shi, Wei, Xie, Hongfu, Nie, Qing, Wang, Ben, Deng, Zhili, and Li, Ji

Subjects
Rosacea, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis, Fibroblasts, Keratinocytes, Schwann Cells, T-Lymphocytes, Humans, Male, Female, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Animals, Mice, Skin
Abstract

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, whose underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we generate a single-cell atlas of facial skin from female rosacea patients and healthy individuals. Among keratinocytes, a subpopulation characterized by IFNγ-mediated barrier function damage is found to be unique to rosacea lesions. Blocking IFNγ signaling alleviates rosacea-like phenotypes and skin barrier damage in mice. The papulopustular rosacea is featured by expansion of pro-inflammatory fibroblasts, Schwann, endothelial and macrophage/dendritic cells. The frequencies of type 1/17 and skin-resident memory T cells are increased, and vascular mural cells are characterized by activation of inflammatory pathways and impaired muscle contraction function in rosacea. Most importantly, fibroblasts are identified as the leading cell type producing pro-inflammatory and vasodilative signals in rosacea. Depletion of fibroblasts or knockdown of PTGDS, a gene specifically upregulated in fibroblasts, blocks rosacea development in mice. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the aberrant alterations of skin-resident cell populations and identifies fibroblasts as a key determinant in rosacea development.

Published
2024

3. Coordination of transcription-coupled repair and repair-independent release of lesion-stalled RNA polymerase II.

Author

Zhu, Yongchang, Zhang, Xiping, Gao, Meng, Huang, Yanchao, Tan, Yuanqing, Parnas, Avital, Wu, Sizhong, Zhan, Delin, Adar, Sheera, and Hu, Jinchuan

Subjects
RNA Polymerase II, Humans, DNA Repair, Ubiquitination, Transcription, Genetic, DNA Damage, Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 7, Valosin Containing Protein, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Excision Repair
Abstract

Transcription-blocking lesions (TBLs) stall elongating RNA polymerase II (Pol II), which then initiates transcription-coupled repair (TCR) to remove TBLs and allow transcription recovery. In the absence of TCR, eviction of lesion-stalled Pol II is required for alternative pathways to address the damage, but the mechanism is unclear. Using Protein-Associated DNA Damage Sequencing (PADD-seq), this study reveals that the p97-proteasome pathway can evict lesion-stalled Pol II independently of repair. Both TCR and repair-independent eviction require CSA and ubiquitination. However, p97 is dispensable for TCR and Pol II eviction in TCR-proficient cells, highlighting repairs prioritization over repair-independent eviction. Moreover, ubiquitination of RPB1-K1268 is important for both pathways, with USP7s deubiquitinase activity promoting TCR without abolishing repair-independent Pol II release. In summary, this study elucidates the fate of lesion-stalled Pol II, and may shed light on the molecular basis of genetic diseases caused by the defects of TCR genes.

Published
2024

4. Ubiquitous short-range order in multi-principal element alloys.

Author

Han, Ying, Chen, Hangman, Sun, Yongwen, Liu, Jian, Wei, Shaolou, Xie, Bijun, Zhang, Zhiyu, Zhu, Yingxin, Li, Meng, Yang, Judith, Chen, Wen, Cao, Penghui, and Yang, Yang

Abstract

Recent research in multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) has increasingly focused on the role of short-range order (SRO) on material performance. However, the mechanisms of SRO formation and its precise control remain elusive, limiting the progress of SRO engineering. Here, leveraging advanced additive manufacturing techniques that produce samples with a wide range of cooling rates (up to 107 K s-1) and an enhanced semi-quantitative electron microscopy method, we characterize SRO in three CoCrNi-based face-centered-cubic (FCC) MPEAs. Surprisingly, irrespective of the processing and thermal treatment history, all samples exhibit similar levels of SRO. Atomistic simulations reveal that during solidification, prevalent local chemical order arises in the liquid-solid interface (solidification front) even under the extreme cooling rate of 1011 K s-1. This phenomenon stems from the swift atomic diffusion in the supercooled liquid, which matches or even surpasses the rate of solidification. Therefore, SRO is an inherent characteristic of most FCC MPEAs, insensitive to variations in cooling rates and even annealing treatments typically available in experiments.

Published
2024

5. Coupling sensor to enzyme in the voltage sensing phosphatase.

Author

Yu, Yawei, Zhang, Lin, Li, Baobin, Fu, Zhu, Brohawn, Stephen, and Isacoff, Ehud

Subjects
Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Catalytic Domain, Animals, Protein Domains, Models, Molecular, Mutation, Humans, Patch-Clamp Techniques
Abstract

Voltage-sensing phosphatases (VSPs) dephosphorylate phosphoinositide (PIP) signaling lipids in response to membrane depolarization. VSPs possess an S4-containing voltage sensor domain (VSD), resembling that of voltage-gated cation channels, and a lipid phosphatase domain (PD). The mechanism by which voltage turns on enzyme activity is unclear. Structural analysis and modeling suggest several sites of VSD-PD interaction that could couple voltage sensing to catalysis. Voltage clamp fluorometry reveals voltage-driven rearrangements in three sites implicated earlier in enzyme activation-the VSD-PD linker, gating loop and R loop-as well as the N-terminal domain, which has not yet been explored. N-terminus mutations perturb both rearrangements in the other segments and enzyme activity. Our results provide a model for a dynamic assembly by which S4 controls the catalytic site.

Published
2024

6. Atomic-scale observation of localized phonons at FeSe/SrTiO3 interface.

Author

Shi, Ruochen, Li, Qize, Xu, Xiaofeng, Han, Bo, Zhu, Ruixue, Liu, Fachen, Qi, Ruishi, Zhang, Xiaowen, Du, Jinlong, Chen, Ji, Yu, Dapeng, Zhu, Xuetao, Guo, Jiandong, and Gao, Peng

Abstract

In single unit-cell FeSe grown on SrTiO3, the superconductivity transition temperature features a significant enhancement. Local phonon modes at the interface associated with electron-phonon coupling may play an important role in the interface-induced enhancement. However, such phonon modes have eluded direct experimental observations. The complicated atomic structure of the interface brings challenges to obtain the accurate structure-phonon relation knowledge. Here, we achieve direct characterizations of atomic structure and phonon modes at the FeSe/SrTiO3 interface with atomically resolved imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy in an electron microscope. We find several phonon modes highly localized (~1.3 nm) at the unique double layer Ti-O terminated interface, one of which (~ 83 meV) engages in strong interactions with the electrons in FeSe based on ab initio calculations. This finding of the localized interfacial phonon associated with strong electron-phonon coupling provides new insights into understanding the origin of superconductivity enhancement at the FeSe/SrTiO3 interface.

Published
2024

7. Whole-soil warming leads to substantial soil carbon emission in an alpine grassland.

Author

Chen, Ying, Qin, Wenkuan, Zhang, Qiufang, Wang, Xudong, Feng, Jiguang, Han, Mengguang, Hou, Yanhui, Zhao, Hongyang, Zhang, Zhenhua, He, Jin-Sheng, Zhu, Biao, and Torn, Margaret

Abstract

The sensitivity of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in seasonally frozen soils, such as alpine ecosystems, to climate warming is a major uncertainty in global carbon cycling. Here we measure soil CO2 emission during four years (2018-2021) from the whole-soil warming experiment (4 °C for the top 1 m) in an alpine grassland ecosystem. We find that whole-soil warming stimulates total and SOC-derived CO2 efflux by 26% and 37%, respectively, but has a minor effect on root-derived CO2 efflux. Moreover, experimental warming only promotes total soil CO2 efflux by 7-8% on average in the meta-analysis across all grasslands or alpine grasslands globally (none of these experiments were whole-soil warming). We show that whole-soil warming has a much stronger effect on soil carbon emission in the alpine grassland ecosystem than what was reported in previous warming experiments, most of which only heat surface soils.

Published
2024

8. Targeting pathogenic CD8+ tissue-resident T cells with chimeric antigen receptor therapy in murine autoimmune cholangitis.

Author

Zhu, Hao-Xian, Yang, Shu-Han, Gao, Cai-Yue, Bian, Zhen-Hua, Chen, Xiao-Min, Huang, Rong-Rong, Meng, Qian-Li, Li, Xin, Jin, Haosheng, Tsuneyama, Koichi, Han, Ying, Li, Liang, Zhao, Zhi-Bin, Gershwin, M, and Lian, Zhe-Xiong

Subjects
Mice, Animals, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cholangitis, Autoimmune Diseases
Abstract

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a cholestatic autoimmune liver disease characterized by autoreactive T cell response against intrahepatic small bile ducts. Here, we use Il12b-/-Il2ra-/- mice (DKO mice) as a model of autoimmune cholangitis and demonstrate that Cd8a knockout or treatment with an anti-CD8α antibody prevents/reduces biliary immunopathology. Using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we identified CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells in the livers of DKO mice, which highly express activation- and cytotoxicity-associated markers and induce apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells. Liver CD8+ Trm cells also upregulate the expression of several immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-1. We describe the development of a chimeric antigen receptor to target PD-1-expressing CD8+ Trm cells. Treatment of DKO mice with PD-1-targeting CAR-T cells selectively depleted liver CD8+ Trm cells and alleviated autoimmune cholangitis. Our work highlights the pathogenic role of CD8+ Trm cells and the potential therapeutic usage of PD-1-targeting CAR-T cells.

Published
2024

9. Intermediate soil acidification induces highest nitrous oxide emissions.

Author

Qiu, Yunpeng, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Kangcheng, Xu, Xinyu, Zhao, Yunfeng, Bai, Tongshuo, Zhao, Yexin, Wang, Hao, Sheng, Xiongjie, Bloszies, Sean, Gillespie, Christopher, He, Tangqing, Wang, Yang, Chen, Huaihai, Guo, Lijin, Song, He, Ye, Chenglong, Wang, Yi, Woodley, Alex, Guo, Jingheng, Cheng, Lei, Bai, Yongfei, Zhu, Yongguan, Hallin, Sara, Hu, Shuijin, and Firestone, Mary

Subjects
Soil, Agriculture, Nitrous Oxide, Fertilizers, Nitrogen, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Soil Microbiology, Denitrification
Abstract

Global potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil are accelerating, with increases in the proportion of reactive nitrogen emitted as N2O, i.e., N2O emission factor (EF). Yet, the primary controls and underlying mechanisms of EFs remain unresolved. Based on two independent but complementary global syntheses, and three field studies determining effects of acidity on N2O EFs and soil denitrifying microorganisms, we show that soil pH predominantly controls N2O EFs and emissions by affecting the denitrifier community composition. Analysis of 5438 paired data points of N2O emission fluxes revealed a hump-shaped relationship between soil pH and EFs, with the highest EFs occurring in moderately acidic soils that favored N2O-producing over N2O-consuming microorganisms, and induced high N2O emissions. Our results illustrate that soil pH has a unimodal relationship with soil denitrifiers and EFs, and the net N2O emission depends on both the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratio and overall denitrification rate. These findings can inform strategies to predict and mitigate soil N2O emissions under future nitrogen input scenarios.

Published
2024

10. Natural product P57 induces hypothermia through targeting pyridoxal kinase.

Author

Wang, Ruina, Xiao, Lei, Pan, Jianbo, Bao, Guangsen, Zhu, Yunmei, Zhu, Di, Wang, Jun, Pei, Chengfeng, Ma, Qinfeng, Fu, Xian, Wang, Ziruoyu, Zhu, Mengdi, Wang, Guoxiang, Gong, Ling, Tong, Qiuping, Jiang, Min, Hu, Junchi, He, Miao, Wang, Yun, Li, Tiejun, Liang, Chunmin, Li, Wei, Xia, Chunmei, Li, Zengxia, Tan, Minjia, Liu, Jun, Jiang, Wei, Luo, Cheng, Yu, Biao, Dang, Yongjun, and Ma, Dengke

Abstract

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme environmental conditions. However, pharmacological induction of hypothermia in most mammals remains a huge challenge. Here we show that a natural product P57 promptly induces hypothermia and decreases energy expenditure in mice. Mechanistically, P57 inhibits the kinase activity of pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), a key metabolic enzyme of vitamin B6 catalyzing phosphorylation of pyridoxal (PL), resulting in the accumulation of PL in hypothalamus to cause hypothermia. The hypothermia induced by P57 is significantly blunted in the mice with knockout of PDXK in the preoptic area (POA) of hypothalamus. We further found that P57 and PL have consistent effects on gene expression regulation in hypothalamus, and they may activate medial preoptic area (MPA) neurons in POA to induce hypothermia. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that P57 has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia through regulation of vitamin B6 metabolism and PDXK serves as a previously unknown target of P57 in thermoregulation. In addition, P57 may serve as a chemical probe for exploring the neuron circuitry related to hypothermia state in mice.

Published
2023

17. Creating and controlling global Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement on quantum processors

Author

Bao, Zehang, Xu, Shibo, Song, Zixuan, Wang, Ke, Xiang, Liang, Zhu, Zitian, Chen, Jiachen, Jin, Feitong, Zhu, Xuhao, Gao, Yu, Wu, Yaozu, Zhang, Chuanyu, Wang, Ning, Zou, Yiren, Tan, Ziqi, Zhang, Aosai, Cui, Zhengyi, Shen, Fanhao, Zhong, Jiarun, Li, Tingting, Deng, Jinfeng, Zhang, Xu, Dong, Hang, Zhang, Pengfei, Liu, Yang-Ren, Zhao, Liangtian, Hao, Jie, Li, Hekang, Wang, Zhen, Song, Chao, Guo, Qiujiang, Huang, Biao, and Wang, H.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Highly potent and broadly neutralizing anti-CD4 trimeric nanobodies inhibit HIV-1 infection by inducing CD4 conformational alteration

Author

Zhu, Linjing, Huang, Bilian, Wang, Xiangyao, Ni, Fengfeng, Ao, Mingjun, Wang, Ruoke, Zheng, Bin, Chen, Chen, Xue, Jing, Zhu, Lin, Yang, Chenbo, Shi, Lingen, Geng, Shengya, Hu, Jiaqian, Yang, Mengshi, Zhang, Doudou, Yang, Ping, Li, Miaomiao, Li, Yuncheng, Hu, Qinxue, Ye, Sheng, Zheng, Peng, Wei, Hongxia, Wu, Zhiwei, Zhang, Linqi, Wang, Yaxin, Liu, Yalan, and Wu, Xilin

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Proteomic landscape of epithelial ovarian cancer

Author

Qian, Liujia, Zhu, Jianqing, Xue, Zhangzhi, Zhou, Yan, Xiang, Nan, Xu, Hong, Sun, Rui, Gong, Wangang, Cai, Xue, Sun, Lu, Ge, Weigang, Liu, Yufeng, Su, Ying, Lin, Wangmin, Zhan, Yuecheng, Wang, Junjian, Song, Shuang, Yi, Xiao, Ni, Maowei, Zhu, Yi, Hua, Yuejin, Zheng, Zhiguo, and Guo, Tiannan

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Global critical soil moisture thresholds of plant water stress

Author

Fu, Zheng, Ciais, Philippe, Wigneron, Jean-Pierre, Gentine, Pierre, Feldman, Andrew F., Makowski, David, Viovy, Nicolas, Kemanian, Armen R., Goll, Daniel S., Stoy, Paul C., Prentice, Iain Colin, Yakir, Dan, Liu, Liyang, Ma, Hongliang, Li, Xiaojun, Huang, Yuanyuan, Yu, Kailiang, Zhu, Peng, Li, Xing, Zhu, Zaichun, Lian, Jinghui, and Smith, William K.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Author Correction: Meiotic protein SYCP2 confers resistance to DNA-damaging agents through R-loop-mediated DNA repair

Author

Wang, Yumin, Gao, Boya, Zhang, Luyuan, Wang, Xudong, Zhu, Xiaolan, Yang, Haibo, Zhang, Fengqi, Zhu, Xueping, Zhou, Badi, Yao, Sean, Nagayama, Aiko, Lee, Sanghoon, Ouyang, Jian, Koh, Siang-Boon, Eisenhauer, Eric L., Zarrella, Dominique, Lu, Kate, Rueda, Bo R., Zou, Lee, Su, Xiaofeng A., Yeku, Oladapo, Ellisen, Leif W., Wang, Xiao-Song, and Lan, Li

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Continuous and low-carbon production of biomass flash graphene

Author

Zhu, Xiangdong, Lin, Litao, Pang, Mingyue, Jia, Chao, Xia, Longlong, Shi, Guosheng, Zhang, Shicheng, Lu, Yuanda, Sun, Liming, Yu, Fengbo, Gao, Jie, He, Zhelin, Wu, Xuan, Li, Aodi, Wang, Liang, Wang, Meiling, Cao, Kai, Fu, Weiguo, Chen, Huakui, Li, Gang, Zhang, Jiabao, Wang, Yujun, Yang, Yi, and Zhu, Yong-Guan

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results