932 results on '"Zhang Z"'
Search Results
2. Observation of perfect diamagnetism and interfacial effect on the electronic structures in infinite layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 superconductors
- Author
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Zeng, S. W., Yin, X. M., Li, C. J., Chow, L. E., Tang, C. S., Han, K., Huang, Z., Cao, Y., Wan, D. Y., Zhang, Z. T., Lim, Z. S., Diao, C. Z., Yang, P., Wee, A. T. S., Pennycook, S. J., and Ariando, A.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Manipulating topological transformations of polar structures through real-time observation of the dynamic polarization evolution
- Author
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Du, K., Zhang, M., Dai, C., Zhou, Z. N., Xie, Y. W., Ren, Z. H., Tian, H., Chen, L. Q., Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf, and Zhang, Z.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children
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Reiner, R.C., Welgan, C.A., Troeger, C.E., Baumann, M.M., Weiss, D.J., Deshpande, A., Blacker, B.F., Miller-Petrie, M.K., Earl, L., Bhatt, S., Abolhassani, H., Abosetugn, A.E., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Adekanmbi, V., Adetokunboh, O.O., Aghaali, M., Aji, B., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, S., Alizade, H., Aljunid, S.M., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M., Altirkawi, K.A., Alvis-Guzman, N., Amare, A.T., Amini, S., Amugsi, D.A., Ancuceanu, R., Andrei, C.L., Ansari, F., Anvari, D., Appiah, S.C.Y., Arabloo, J., Aremu, O., Atout, M.M.W., Ausloos, M., Ausloos, F., Ayanore, M.A., Aynalem, Y.A., Azene, Z.N., Badawi, A., Baig, A.A., Banach, M., Bedi, N., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhandari, D., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhutta, Z.A., Bijani, A., Birhanu, T.T.M., Bitew, Z.W., Boloor, A., Brady, O.J., Butt, Z.A., Car, J., Carvalho, F., Casey, D.C., Chattu, V.K., Chowdhury, M.A.K., Chu, D.-., Coelho, C.H., Cook, A.J., Damiani, G., Daoud, F., Gela, J.D., Darwish, A.H., Daryani, A., Das, J.K., Davis Weaver, N., Deribe, K., Desalew, A., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dianatinasab, M., Diaz, D., Djalalinia, S., Dorostkar, F., Dubljanin, E., Duko, B., Dwyer-Lindgren, L., Effiong, A., El Sayed Zaki, M., El Tantawi, M., Enany, S., Fattahi, N., Feigin, V.L., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Fischer, F., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Foroutan, M., Frostad, J.J., Fukumoto, T., Gaidhane, A.M., Gebrekrstos, H.G.G.K., Gebremeskel, L., Gebreslassie, A.A., Gething, P.W., Gezae, K.E., Ghadiri, K., Ghashghaee, A., Golechha, M., Gubari, M.I.M., Hadgu, F.B., Hamidi, S., Handiso, D.W., Hashi, A., Hassan, S., Hayat, K., Herteliu, C., H. C., H., Holla, R., Hosseinzadeh, M., Househ, M., Hussain, R., Hwang, B.-., Ibitoye, S.E., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Irvani, S.S.N., Jaafari, J., Javaheri, T., Jha, R.P., Johnson, K.B., Jonas, J.B., Jozwiak, J.J., Kabir, A., Kalhor, R., Kanchan, T., Karch, A., Kayode, G.A., Keiyoro, P.N., Khader, Y.S., Khalil, I.A., Khan, M.N., Khan, M., Khan, G., Khatab, K., Khater, M.M., Khatib, M.N., Kianipour, N., Kim, Y.J., Kimokoti, R.W., Kisa, S., Kisa, A., Kissoon, N., Kochhar, S., Koolivand, A., Kopec, J.A., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Kumar, P., Kurmi, O.P., Kusuma, D., Lal, D.K., Lami, F.H., Landires, I., Lansingh, V.C., Lasrado, S., La Vecchia, C., Lazzar-Atwood, A., Lee, P.H., Legrand, K.E., Lewycka, S., Li, B., Lim, S.S., Lindstedt, P.A., Liu, X., Longbottom, J., Lopez, A.D., Magdy Abd El Razek, H., Mahasha, P.W., Maleki, A., Mamun, A.A., Mansournia, M.A., Marczak, L.B., Martins-Melo, F.R., Mayala, B.K., Meharie, B.G., Melese, A., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R.G., Mengesha, E.W., Mensah, G.A., Meretoja, T.J., Mestrovic, T., Miller, T.R., Mirrakhimov, E.M., Moazen, B., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N., Mohammadi, S., Mohammed, S., Mokdad, A.H., Moradi, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Mosser, J.F., Murray, C.J.L., Naderi, M., Nagarajan, A.J., Nazari, J., Ndejjo, R., Negoi, I., Ngunjiri, J.W., Nguyen, Q.A.P., Nguyen, H.L.T., Nnaji, C.A., Noubiap, J.J., Nunez-Samudio, V., Olagunju, A.T., Olusanya, J.O., Olusanya, B.O., Omer, M.O., Onwujekwe, O.E., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S.S., Owolabi, M.O., P A, M., Padubidri, J.R., Pana, A., Peprah, E.K., Pham, H.Q., Pigott, D.M., Pirestani, M., Postma, M.J., Pottoo, F.H., Pourjafar, H., Quazi Syed, Z., Rahim, F., Rahimi-Movaghar, V., Rahman, M.H.U., Rao, S.J., Rao, P.C., Rathi, P., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D.L., Rawal, L., Rawassizadeh, R., Regassa, L.D., Renzaho, A.M.N., Rezaei, N., Rezai, M.S., Ribeiro, A.I., Rickard, J., Rios-Gonzalez, C.M., Rumisha, S.F., Sabour, S., Sajadi, S.M., Salomon, J.A., Samadi Kafil, H., Samy, A.M., Sanabria, J., Sartorius, B., Saxena, D., Schaeffer, L.E., Senthilkumaran, S., Sha, F., Shaheen, A.A., Shaikh, M.A., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A., Shibuya, K., Shigematsu, M., Il Shin, J., Simonetti, B., Singh, J.A., Smith, D.L., Soheili, A., Sokhan, A., Spurlock, E.E., Sreeramareddy, C.T., Sufiyan, M.B., Swartz, S.J., Tadesse, D.B., Tamiru, A.T., Tefera, Y.G., Temsah, M.-., Tessema, Z.T., Titova, M.V., Tran, B.X., Truong, P.N., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Vasankari, T.J., Vasseghian, Y., Violante, F.S., G. T., V., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R.G., Wassie, E.G., Welay, F.T., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wiens, K.E., Wijeratne, T., Wiysonge, C.S., Wondmeneh, T.G., Yamada, T., Yaya, S., Yeshitila, Y.G., Yip, P., Yonemoto, N., Yu, C., Yuce, D., Yusefzadeh, H., Zaidi, Z., Zamanian, M., Zangeneh, A., Zhang, Z.-., Zhang, Y., Ziapour, A., Hay, S.I., Reiner, RC Jr, Welgan, CA, Troeger, CE, Baumann, MM, Duko, Bereket, Hay, Simon I, LBD Triple Collaborators, Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Reiner, R, Welgan, C, Troeger, C, Baumann, M, Weiss, D, Deshpande, A, Blacker, B, Miller-Petrie, M, Earl, L, Bhatt, S, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, A, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Aghaali, M, Aji, B, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alhassan, R, Ali, S, Alizade, H, Aljunid, S, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amini, S, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, C, Ansari, F, Anvari, D, Appiah, S, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Atout, M, Ausloos, M, Ausloos, F, Ayanore, M, Aynalem, Y, Azene, Z, Badawi, A, Baig, A, Banach, M, Bedi, N, Bhagavathula, A, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Birhanu, T, Bitew, Z, Boloor, A, Brady, O, Butt, Z, Car, J, Carvalho, F, Casey, D, Chattu, V, Chowdhury, M, Chu, D, Coelho, C, Cook, A, Damiani, G, Daoud, F, Gela, J, Darwish, A, Daryani, A, Das, J, Davis Weaver, N, Deribe, K, Desalew, A, Dharmaratne, S, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Dubljanin, E, Duko, B, Dwyer-Lindgren, L, Effiong, A, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Enany, S, Fattahi, N, Feigin, V, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Foroutan, M, Frostad, J, Fukumoto, T, Gaidhane, A, Gebrekrstos, H, Gebremeskel, L, Gebreslassie, A, Gething, P, Gezae, K, Ghadiri, K, Ghashghaee, A, Golechha, M, Gubari, M, Hadgu, F, Hamidi, S, Handiso, D, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hayat, K, Herteliu, C, Ho, H, Holla, R, Hosseinzadeh, M, Househ, M, Hussain, R, Hwang, B, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Irvani, S, Jaafari, J, Javaheri, T, Jha, R, Johnson, K, Jonas, J, Jozwiak, J, Kabir, A, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Karch, A, Kayode, G, Keiyoro, P, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, M, Khan, G, Khatab, K, Khater, M, Khatib, M, Kianipour, N, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kissoon, N, Kochhar, S, Koolivand, A, Kopec, J, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kumar, P, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, Lal, D, Lami, F, Landires, I, Lansingh, V, Lasrado, S, La Vecchia, C, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Lee, P, Legrand, K, Lewycka, S, Li, B, Lim, S, Lindstedt, P, Liu, X, Longbottom, J, Lopez, A, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Mahasha, P, Maleki, A, Mamun, A, Mansournia, M, Marczak, L, Martins-Melo, F, Mayala, B, Meharie, B, Melese, A, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Mensah, G, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Miller, T, Mirrakhimov, E, Moazen, B, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N, Mohammadi, S, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Moradi, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mosser, J, Murray, C, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, H, Nnaji, C, Noubiap, J, Nunez-Samudio, V, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, J, Olusanya, B, Omer, M, Onwujekwe, O, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, P A, M, Padubidri, J, Pana, A, Peprah, E, Pham, H, Pigott, D, Pirestani, M, Postma, M, Pottoo, F, Pourjafar, H, Quazi Syed, Z, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rao, S, Rao, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Regassa, L, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, N, Rezai, M, Ribeiro, A, Rickard, J, Rios-Gonzalez, C, Rumisha, S, Sabour, S, Sajadi, S, Salomon, J, Samadi Kafil, H, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sartorius, B, Saxena, D, Schaeffer, L, Senthilkumaran, S, Sha, F, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Shibuya, K, Shigematsu, M, Il Shin, J, Simonetti, B, Singh, J, Smith, D, Soheili, A, Sokhan, A, Spurlock, E, Sreeramareddy, C, Sufiyan, M, Swartz, S, Tadesse, D, Tamiru, A, Tefera, Y, Temsah, M, Tessema, Z, Titova, M, Tran, B, Truong, P, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vasankari, T, Vasseghian, Y, Violante, F, Vu, G, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wassie, E, Welay, F, Wickramasinghe, N, Wiens, K, Wijeratne, T, Wiysonge, C, Wondmeneh, T, Yamada, T, Yaya, S, Yeshitila, Y, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yusefzadeh, H, Zaidi, Z, Zamanian, M, Zangeneh, A, Zhang, Z, Zhang, Y, Ziapour, A, Hay, S, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Clinicum, Helsinki University Hospital Area, and Department of Oncology
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Multidisciplinary ,Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata ,3122 Cancers ,malaria ,General Physics and Astronomy ,COVID-19 ,General Chemistry ,3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology ,infectious diseases ,Sub-Saharian Africa ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medica ,Children mortality ,epidemiology ,biogeography - Abstract
Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s). Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival.
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- 2022
5. Genesis of electron deficient Pt1(0) in PDMS-PEG aggregates
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Liu, Kairui, Hou, Guangjin, Mao, Jingbo, Xu, Zhanwei, Yan, Peifang, Li, Huixiang, Guo, Xinwen, Bai, Shi, and Zhang, Z. Conrad
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- 2019
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6. Arbitrary order exceptional point induced by photonic spin–orbit interaction in coupled resonators
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Wang, Shubo, Hou, Bo, Lu, Weixin, Chen, Yuntian, Zhang, Z. Q., and Chan, C. T.
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- 2019
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7. Selective nucleophilic α-C alkylation of phenols with alcohols via Ti=Cα intermediate on anatase TiO2 surface.
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Du, Xinze, Fan, Hongjun, Liu, Shenglin, and Zhang, Z. Conrad
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ALKYLATION ,ALKYL group ,TITANIUM dioxide ,PHENOL ,ACID catalysts - Abstract
C−C bond forming reaction by alkylation of aryl rings is a main pillar of chemistry in the production of broad portfolios of chemical products. The dominant mechanism proceeds via electrophilic substitution of secondary and tertiary carbocations over acid catalysts, forming multiple aryl alkylation products non-selectively through all secondary and tertiary carbons in the alkyl chains but producing little α-C alkylation products because primary carbocations are poorly stable. Herein, we report that anatase TiO
2 (TiO2 -A) catalyzes nucleophilic α-C alkylation of phenols with alcohols in high selectivity to simply linear alkylphenols. Experimental and computational studies reveal the formation of Ti=C− bond with the α-carbon of the alkyl group at oxygen vacancies of the TiO2 -A surface. The subsequent α-C alkylation by selective substitution of phenol ortho-C−H bond is verified by deuterium exchanged substrate and DFT calculations. The authors report selective nucleophilic α-C alkylation of phenols with alcohols catalyzed by anatase titanium dioxide. Experimental and computational studies reveal the formation of Ti=Cα intermediate with the primary carbon of alkyl group at oxygen vacancies of anatase titanium dioxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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8. CircGRIA1 shows an age-related increase in male macaque brain and regulates synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis
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Lin Lu, Zhengfei Hu, Ying Zhang, Zhengbo Wang, Chao Liu, Yong-Tang Zheng, Jiali Li, Zhang Z, Xintian Hu, Kaiyu Xu, Longbao Lv, and Wandi Xiong
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Science ,Synaptogenesis ,General Physics and Astronomy ,AMPA receptor ,Hippocampal formation ,Biology ,Hippocampus ,Macaque ,Article ,Non-coding RNAs ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,biology.animal ,Neuroplasticity ,Animals ,Receptors, AMPA ,Epigenetics in the nervous system ,Prefrontal cortex ,lcsh:Science ,Gene knockdown ,Neuronal Plasticity ,Multidisciplinary ,Age Factors ,Brain ,RNA, Circular ,General Chemistry ,Neural ageing ,Macaca mulatta ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Synapses ,Synaptic plasticity ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abundant in mammalian brain and some show age-dependent expression patterns. Here, we report that circGRIA1, a conserved circRNA isoform derived from the genomic loci of α-mino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit Gria1, shows an age-related and male-specific increase in expression in the rhesus macaque prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We show circGRIA1 is predominantly localized to the nucleus, and find an age-related increase in its association with the promoter region of Gria1 gene, suggesting it has a regulatory role in Gria1 transcription. In vitro and in vivo manipulation of circGRIA1 negatively regulates Gria1 mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of circGRIA1 results in an age-related improvement of synaptogenesis, and GluR1 activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal neurons in males. Our findings underscore the importance of circRNA regulation and offer an insight into the biology of brain aging., Circular RNAs are expressed in the brain and show age-dependent expression patterns. Here the authors show the circGRIA1 is expressed in an age-dependent manner in the male macaque brain and serves a functional role in synaptic plasticity.
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- 2020
9. An ultrasmall organic synapse for neuromorphic computing
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Shuzhi Liu, Jianmin Zeng, Zhixin Wu, Han Hu, Ao Xu, Xiaohe Huang, Weilin Chen, Qilai Chen, Zhe Yu, Yinyu Zhao, Rong Wang, Tingting Han, Chao Li, Pingqi Gao, Hyunwoo Kim, Seung Jae Baik, Ruoyu Zhang, Zhang Zhang, Peng Zhou, and Gang Liu
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Science - Abstract
Abstract High‐performance organic neuromorphic devices with miniaturized device size and computing capability are essential elements for developing brain‐inspired humanoid intelligence technique. However, due to the structural inhomogeneity of most organic materials, downscaling of such devices to nanoscale and their high‐density integration into compact matrices with reliable device performance remain challenging at the moment. Herein, based on the design of a semicrystalline polymer PBFCL10 with ordered structure to regulate dense and uniform formation of conductive nanofilaments, we realize an organic synapse with the smallest device dimension of 50 nm and highest integration size of 1 Kb reported thus far. The as‐fabricated PBFCL10 synapses can switch between 32 conductance states linearly with a high cycle‐to‐cycle uniformity of 98.89% and device‐to‐device uniformity of 99.71%, which are the best results of organic devices. A mixed-signal neuromorphic hardware system based on the organic neuromatrix and FPGA controller is implemented to execute spiking‐plasticity‐related algorithm for decision-making tasks.
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- 2023
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10. Observation of perfect diamagnetism and interfacial effect on the electronic structures in infinite layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 superconductors.
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Zeng, S. W., Yin, X. M., Li, C. J., Chow, L. E., Tang, C. S., Han, K., Huang, Z., Cao, Y., Wan, D. Y., Zhang, Z. T., Lim, Z. S., Diao, C. Z., Yang, P., Wee, A. T. S., Pennycook, S. J., and Ariando, A.
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SUPERCONDUCTORS ,POLAR effects (Chemistry) ,DIAMAGNETISM ,ELECTRONIC structure ,HIGH temperature superconductors ,THIN films - Abstract
Nickel-based complex oxides have served as a playground for decades in the quest for a copper-oxide analog of the high-temperature superconductivity. They may provide clues towards understanding the mechanism and an alternative route for high-temperature superconductors. The recent discovery of superconductivity in the infinite-layer nickelate thin films has fulfilled this pursuit. However, material synthesis remains challenging, direct demonstration of perfect diamagnetism is still missing, and understanding of the role of the interface and bulk to the superconducting properties is still lacking. Here, we show high-quality Nd
0.8 Sr0.2 NiO2 thin films with different thicknesses and demonstrate the interface and strain effects on the electrical, magnetic and optical properties. Perfect diamagnetism is achieved, confirming the occurrence of superconductivity in the films. Unlike the thick films in which the normal-state Hall-coefficient changes signs as the temperature decreases, the Hall-coefficient of films thinner than 5.5 nm remains negative, suggesting a thickness-driven band structure modification. Moreover, X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the Ni-O hybridization nature in doped infinite-layer nickelates, and the hybridization is enhanced as the thickness decreases. Consistent with band structure calculations on the nickelate/SrTiO3 heterostructure, the interface and strain effect induce a dominating electron-like band in the ultrathin film, thus causing the sign-change of the Hall-coefficient. Nickelate superconductors attract enormous attention in the field of high-temperature superconductivity. Here the authors report observation of perfect diamagnetism and interfacial effect on the electronic structures in infinite layer Nd0.8 Sr0.2 NiO2 superconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
11. Systematic comparison of tools used for m6A mapping from nanopore direct RNA sequencing
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Zhen-Dong Zhong, Ying-Yuan Xie, Hong-Xuan Chen, Ye-Lin Lan, Xue-Hong Liu, Jing-Yun Ji, Fu Wu, Lingmei Jin, Jiekai Chen, Daniel W. Mak, Zhang Zhang, and Guan-Zheng Luo
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Science - Abstract
Direct RNA sequencing using nanopore platform can be used to detect N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications on mRNAs. Here the authors systematically compare tools used for m6A detection from nanopore direct sequencing.
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- 2023
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12. Guiding of relativistic electron beams in dense matter by laser-driven magnetostatic fields
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Bailly-Grandvaux, M., primary, Santos, J. J., additional, Bellei, C., additional, Forestier-Colleoni, P., additional, Fujioka, S., additional, Giuffrida, L., additional, Honrubia, J. J., additional, Batani, D., additional, Bouillaud, R., additional, Chevrot, M., additional, Cross, J. E., additional, Crowston, R., additional, Dorard, S., additional, Dubois, J.-L., additional, Ehret, M., additional, Gregori, G., additional, Hulin, S., additional, Kojima, S., additional, Loyez, E., additional, Marquès, J.-R., additional, Morace, A., additional, Nicolaï, Ph., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sakata, S., additional, Schaumann, G., additional, Serres, F., additional, Servel, J., additional, Tikhonchuk, V. T., additional, Woolsey, N., additional, and Zhang, Z., additional
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- 2018
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13. 90% yield production of polymer nano-memristor for in-memory computing
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Bin Zhang, Weilin Chen, Jianmin Zeng, Fei Fan, Junwei Gu, Xinhui Chen, Lin Yan, Guangjun Xie, Shuzhi Liu, Qing Yan, Seung Jae Baik, Zhi-Guo Zhang, Weihua Chen, Jie Hou, Mohamed E. El-Khouly, Zhang Zhang, Gang Liu, and Yu Chen
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Science - Abstract
Though polymer memristors are promising for low‐power flexible edge computing applications, realizing efficient nanometer‐scale arrays remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a record high 90% production yield in nm‐scale 2D conjugated polymer memristors with homogeneous resistive switching.
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- 2021
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14. Anomalous thickness dependence of Curie temperature in air-stable two-dimensional ferromagnetic 1T-CrTe2 grown by chemical vapor deposition
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Lingjia Meng, Zhang Zhou, Mingquan Xu, Shiqi Yang, Kunpeng Si, Lixuan Liu, Xingguo Wang, Huaning Jiang, Bixuan Li, Peixin Qin, Peng Zhang, Jinliang Wang, Zhiqi Liu, Peizhe Tang, Yu Ye, Wu Zhou, Lihong Bao, Hong-Jun Gao, and Yongji Gong
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Science - Abstract
Here, the authors report chemical vapor deposition growth of metallic 1T-CrTe2 ultrathin crystals with controlled thickness and long-range ferromagnetic ordering, and observe a monotonic increase of the Curie temperature with decreasing thickness.
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- 2021
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15. Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals
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Yuan Huang, Yu-Hao Pan, Rong Yang, Li-Hong Bao, Lei Meng, Hai-Lan Luo, Yong-Qing Cai, Guo-Dong Liu, Wen-Juan Zhao, Zhang Zhou, Liang-Mei Wu, Zhi-Li Zhu, Ming Huang, Li-Wei Liu, Lei Liu, Peng Cheng, Ke-Hui Wu, Shi-Bing Tian, Chang-Zhi Gu, You-Guo Shi, Yan-Feng Guo, Zhi Gang Cheng, Jiang-Ping Hu, Lin Zhao, Guan-Hua Yang, Eli Sutter, Peter Sutter, Ye-Liang Wang, Wei Ji, Xing-Jiang Zhou, and Hong-Jun Gao
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Science - Abstract
Here, the authors develop a one-step, contamination-free, Au-assisted mechanical exfoliation method for 2D materials, and isolate 40 types of single-crystalline monolayers, including elemental 2D crystals, metal-dichalcogenides, magnets and superconductors with millimetre size.
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- 2020
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16. High-performance particulate matter including nanoscale particle removal by a self-powered air filter
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Guo-Hao Zhang, Qiu-Hong Zhu, Lei Zhang, Fang Yong, Zhang Zhang, Shuang-Long Wang, You Wang, Ling He, and Guo-Hong Tao
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Science - Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) pollutants have been considered serious threats to public health but effective removal of nanoscale particles (NPs) by filter materials is challenging. Here, the authors fabricate an ionic liquid based self-powered air filter that can be used in high-efficiency removal of PM, including NPs.
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- 2020
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17. Structure and function of Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase reveals aspects of RING and HECT ligases
- Author
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Riley, B.E., primary, Lougheed, J.C., additional, Callaway, K., additional, Velasquez, M., additional, Brecht, E., additional, Nguyen, L., additional, Shaler, T., additional, Walker, D., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Regnstrom, K., additional, Diep, L., additional, Zhang, Z., additional, Chiou, S., additional, Bova, M., additional, Artis, D.R., additional, Yao, N., additional, Baker, J., additional, Yednock, T., additional, and Johnston, J.A., additional
- Published
- 2013
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18. Author Correction: Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals
- Author
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Yuan Huang, Yu-Hao Pan, Rong Yang, Li-Hong Bao, Lei Meng, Hai-Lan Luo, Yong-Qing Cai, Guo-Dong Liu, Wen-Juan Zhao, Zhang Zhou, Liang-Mei Wu, Zhi-Li Zhu, Ming Huang, Li-Wei Liu, Lei Liu, Peng Cheng, Ke-Hui Wu, Shi-Bing Tian, Chang-Zhi Gu, You-Guo Shi, Yan-Feng Guo, Zhi Gang Cheng, Jiang-Ping Hu, Lin Zhao, Guan-Hua Yang, Eli Sutter, Peter Sutter, Ye-Liang Wang, Wei Ji, Xing-Jiang Zhou, and Hong-Jun Gao
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
- Published
- 2020
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19. Combination of nanoparticles with single-metal sites synergistically boosts co-catalyzed formic acid dehydrogenation.
- Author
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Shi Y, Luo B, Sang R, Cui D, Sun Y, Liu R, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Junge H, Beller M, and Li X
- Abstract
The development of hydrogen technologies is at the heart of a green economy. As prerequisite for implementation of hydrogen storage, active and stable catalysts for (de)hydrogenation reactions are needed. So far, the use of precious metals associated with expensive costs dominates in this area. Herein, we present a new class of lower-cost Co-based catalysts (Co-SAs/NPs@NC) in which highly distributed single-metal sites are synergistically combined with small defined nanoparticles allowing efficient formic acid dehydrogenation. The optimal material with atomically dispersed CoN
2 C2 units and encapsulated 7-8 nm nanoparticles achieves an excellent gas yield of 1403.8 mL·g-1 ·h-1 using propylene carbonate as solvent, with no activity loss after 5 cycles, which is 15 times higher than that of the commercial Pd/C. In situ analytic experiments show that Co-SAs/NPs@NC enhances the adsorption and activation of the key intermediate monodentate HCOO*, thereby facilitating the following C-H bond breaking, compared to related single metal atom and nanoparticle catalysts. Theoretical calculations show that the integration of cobalt nanoparticles elevates the d-band center of the Co single atoms as the active center, which consequently enhances the coupling of the carbonyl O of the HCOO* intermediate to the Co centers, thereby lowering the energy barrier., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
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20. Efficient metal free organic radical scintillators.
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Luo A, Zhang J, Xiao D, Xie G, Xu X, Zhao Q, Sun C, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li P, Luo S, Xie X, Peng Q, Li H, Chen R, Chen Q, Tao Y, and Huang W
- Abstract
The development of high-performance metal-free organic X-ray scintillators (OXSTs), characterized by a synergistic combination of robust X-ray absorption, efficient exciton utilization, and short luminescence lifetimes, poses a considerable challenge. Here we present an effective strategy for achieving augmented X-ray scintillation through the utilization of halogenated open-shell organic radical scintillators. Our experimental results demonstrate that the synthesized scintillators exhibit strong X-ray absorption derived from halogen atoms, display efficacious X-ray stability, and theoretically achieve 100% exciton utilization efficiency with a short lifetime (∼18 ns) due to spin-allowed doublet transitions. The superior X-ray scintillation performance exhibited by these organic radicals is not only exploitable in X-ray radiography for contrast imaging of various objects but also applicable in a medical high-resolution micro-computer-tomography system for the clear visualization of fibrous veins within a bamboo stick. Our study substantiates the promise of organic radicals as prospective candidates for OXSTs, offering valuable insights and a roadmap for the development of advanced organic radical scintillators geared towards achieving high-quality X-ray radiography., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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21. Evidence for large-scale climate forcing of dense shelf water variability in the Ross Sea.
- Author
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Zhang Z, Xie C, Castagno P, England MH, Wang X, Dinniman MS, Silvano A, Wang C, Zhou L, Li X, Zhou M, and Budillon G
- Abstract
Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), which supplies the lower limb of the thermohaline circulation, originates from dense shelf water (DSW) forming in Antarctic polynyas. Here, combining a long mooring record of DSW measurements with numerical simulations and satellite data, we show that significant correlation exists between interannual variability of DSW production in the Ross Sea polynyas, where DSW contributes between 20-40% of the global AABW production, and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The correlation is largest when the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) is weakened and shifted east of the Ross Sea. During positive SAM phases, enhanced offshore winds and lower air temperatures over the western Ross Sea increase sea ice production and promote DSW formation, with the opposite response during negative SAM phases. These processes ultimately modulate AABW thickness in the open ocean. A projected positive shift of the SAM and eastward displacement of the ASL thus has implications for the future of DSW and AABW formation., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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22. Lattice expansion in ruthenium nanozymes improves catalytic activity and electro-responsiveness for boosting cancer therapy.
- Author
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Zhong S, Zhang Z, Zhao Q, Yue Z, Xiong C, Chen G, Wang J, and Li L
- Subjects
- Animals, Catalysis, Female, Mice, Humans, Cell Line, Tumor, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Metal Nanoparticles chemistry, Metal Nanoparticles therapeutic use, Nanoparticles chemistry, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Antineoplastic Agents chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Ruthenium chemistry, Tumor Microenvironment drug effects
- Abstract
Nanozymes have been attracting widespread interest for the past decade, especially in the field of cancer therapy, due to their intrinsic catalytic activities, strong stability, and ease of synthesis. However, enhancing their catalytic activity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains a major challenge. Herein, we manipulate catalytic activities of Ru nanozymes via modulating lattice spacing in Ru nanocrystals supported on nitrogen-doped carbon support, to achieve improvement in multiple enzyme-like activities that can form cascade catalytic reactions to boost cancer cell killing. In addition, the lattice expansion in Ru nanocrystals improve the responsiveness of the nanozymes to self-powered electric field, achieving maximized cancer therapeutic outcome. Under the electrical stimulation provided by a human self-propelled triboelectric device, the Ru-based nanozyme (Ru1000) with a lattice expansion of 5.99% realizes optimal catalytic performance and cancer therapeutic outcome of breast cancer in female tumor-bearing mice. Through theoretical calculations, we uncover that the lattice expansion and electrical stimulation promote the catalytic reaction, simultaneously, by reducing the electron density and shifting the d-band center of Ru active sites. This work provides opportunities for improving the development of nanozymes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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23. Topological superconductivity from unconventional band degeneracy with conventional pairing.
- Author
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Zhang Z, Wu Z, Fang C, Zhang FC, Hu J, Wang Y, and Qin S
- Abstract
We present a new scheme for Majorana modes in systems with nonsymmorphic-symmetry-protected band degeneracy. We reveal that when the gapless fermionic excitations are encoded with conventional superconductivity and magnetism, which can be intrinsic or induced by proximity effect, topological superconductivity and Majorana modes can be obtained. We illustrate this outcome in a system which respects the space group P4/nmm and features a fourfold-degenerate fermionic mode at (π, π) in the Brillouin zone. We show that in the presence of conventional superconductivity, different types of topological superconductivity, i.e., first-order and second-order topological superconductivity, with coexisting fragile Wannier obstruction in the latter case, can be generated in accordance with the different types of magnetic orders; Majorana modes are shown to exist on the boundary, at the corner and in the vortices. To further demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, another example related to the space group P4/ncc based on this scheme is also provided. Our study offers insights into constructing topological superconductors based on bulk energy bands and conventional superconductivity and helps to find new material candidates and design new platforms for realizing Majorana modes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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24. A mouse protozoan boosts antigen-specific mucosal IgA responses in a specific lipid metabolism- and signaling-dependent manner.
- Author
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Kou Y, Zhang S, Chen J, Shen Y, Zhang Z, Huang H, Ma Y, Xiang Y, Liao L, Zhou J, Cheng W, Zhou Y, Yang H, Liu Z, Wei Y, Wang H, and Wang Y
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Arachidonic Acid metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa immunology, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Female, Gastrointestinal Microbiome immunology, Mice, Knockout, Lipid Metabolism immunology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Immunoglobulin A immunology, Immunoglobulin A metabolism, Signal Transduction immunology, Immunity, Mucosal, Receptors, Leukotriene B4 metabolism, Receptors, Leukotriene B4 immunology
- Abstract
IgA antibodies play an important role in mucosal immunity. However, there is still no effective way to consistently boost mucosal IgA responses, and the factors influencing these responses are not fully understood. We observed that colonization with the murine intestinal symbiotic protozoan Tritrichomonas musculis (T.mu) boosted antigen-specific mucosal IgA responses in wild-type C57BL/6 mice. This enhancement was attributed to the accumulation of free arachidonic acid (ARA) in the intestinal lumen, which served as a signal to stimulate the production of antigen-specific mucosal IgA. When ARA was prevented from undergoing its downstream metabolic transformation using the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton or by blocking its downstream biological signaling through genetic deletion of the Leukotriene B
4 receptor 1 (Blt1), the T.mu-mediated enhancement of antigen-specific mucosal IgA production was suppressed. Moreover, both T.mu transfer and dietary supplementation of ARA augmented the efficacy of an oral vaccine against Salmonella infection, with this effect being dependent on Blt1. Our findings elucidate a tripartite circuit linking nutrients from the diet or intestinal microbiota, host lipid metabolism, and the mucosal humoral immune response., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
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25. An epigenetically mediated double negative cascade from EFD to HB21 regulates anther development.
- Author
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Zhang C, Xiong AT, Ren MY, Zhao YY, Huang MJ, Huang LC, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zheng QQ, Fan J, Guan JJ, and Yang ZN
- Subjects
- Pollen growth & development, Pollen genetics, Pollen metabolism, Methyltransferases metabolism, Methyltransferases genetics, Mutation, Plants, Genetically Modified, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Epigenesis, Genetic, Flowers genetics, Flowers growth & development, DNA Methylation
- Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are crucial for plant development. EFD (Exine Formation Defect) encodes a SAM-dependent methyltransferase that is essential for the pollen wall pattern formation and male fertility in Arabidopsis. In this study, we find that the expression of DRM2, a de novo DNA methyltransferase in plants, complements for the defects in efd, suggesting its potential de novo DNA methyltransferase activity. Genetic analysis indicates that EFD functions through HB21, as the knockout of HB21 fully restores fertility in efd mutants. DNA methylation and histone modification analyses reveal that EFD represses the transcription of HB21 through epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, we demonstrate that HB21 directly represses the expression of genes crucial for pollen formation and anther dehiscence, including CalS5, RPG1/SWEET8, CYP703A2 and NST2. Collectively, our findings unveil a double negative regulatory cascade mediated by epigenetic modifications that coordinates anther development, offering insights into the epigenetic regulation of this process., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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26. Pretrainable geometric graph neural network for antibody affinity maturation.
- Author
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Cai H, Zhang Z, Wang M, Zhong B, Li Q, Zhong Y, Wu Y, Ying T, and Tang J
- Subjects
- Humans, Antibodies immunology, Antibodies chemistry, Computer Simulation, Deep Learning, Antigens immunology, Protein Binding, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Models, Molecular, Antibody Affinity, Neural Networks, Computer
- Abstract
Increasing the binding affinity of an antibody to its target antigen is a crucial task in antibody therapeutics development. This paper presents a pretrainable geometric graph neural network, GearBind, and explores its potential in in silico affinity maturation. Leveraging multi-relational graph construction, multi-level geometric message passing and contrastive pretraining on mass-scale, unlabeled protein structural data, GearBind outperforms previous state-of-the-art approaches on SKEMPI and an independent test set. A powerful ensemble model based on GearBind is then derived and used to successfully enhance the binding of two antibodies with distinct formats and target antigens. ELISA EC
50 values of the designed antibody mutants are decreased by up to 17 fold, and KD values by up to 6.1 fold. These promising results underscore the utility of geometric deep learning and effective pretraining in macromolecule interaction modeling tasks., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
27. Insights into the assembly of the neovaginal microbiota in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome patients.
- Author
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Chen N, Hao L, Zhang Z, Qin C, Jie Z, Pan H, Duan J, Huang X, Zhang Y, Gao H, Lu R, Sun T, Yang H, Shi J, Liang M, Guo J, Gao Q, Zhao X, Dou Z, Xiao L, Zhang S, Jin X, Xu X, Yang H, Wang J, Jia H, Zhang T, Kristiansen K, Chen C, and Zhu L
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Adult, Longitudinal Studies, Young Adult, Vaginosis, Bacterial microbiology, Adolescent, Uterus microbiology, Feces microbiology, Enterococcus faecalis isolation & purification, Laparoscopy, Vagina microbiology, 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development microbiology, 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development surgery, Mullerian Ducts abnormalities, Microbiota, Congenital Abnormalities microbiology
- Abstract
Neovaginas are surgically constructed to correct uterovaginal agenesis in women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome or as part of gender-affirming surgery for transfeminine individuals. Understanding the assembly of the neovaginal microbiota is crucial for guiding its management. To address this, we conducted a longitudinal study on MRKH patients following laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty. Our findings reveal that the early microbial assemblage exhibited stochastic characteristics, accompanied with a notable bloom of Enterococcus faecalis and genital Mycoplasmas. While both the pre-surgery dimple microbiota and the fecal microbiota constituted the primary species pool, the neovaginal microbiota developed into a microbiota that resembled that of a normal vagina at 6-12 months post-surgery, albeit with a bacterial vaginosis (BV)-like structure. By 2-4 years post-surgery, the neovaginal microbiota had further evolved into a structure closely resembling with the homeostatic pre-surgery dimple microbiota. This concords with the development of the squamous epithelium in the neovagina and highlights the pivotal roles of progressive selective forces imposed by the evolving neovaginal environment and the colonization tropism of vaginal species. Notably, we observed that strains of Lactobacillus crispatus colonizing the neovagina primarily originated from the dimple. Since L. crispatus is generally associated with vaginal health, this finding suggests potential avenues for future research to promote its colonization., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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28. Tbps wide-field parallel optical wireless communications based on a metasurface beam splitter.
- Author
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Wu Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Yuan Z, Huang C, Sun J, Feng C, Li M, Qiu K, Zhu S, Zhang Z, and Li T
- Abstract
Optical wireless communication (OWC) stands out as one of the most promising technologies in the sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks. The establishment of high-quality optical links between transmitters and receivers plays a crucial role in OWC performances. Here, by a compact beam splitter composed of a metasurface and a fiber array, we proposed a wide-angle (~120°) OWC optical link scheme that can parallelly support up to 144 communication users. Utilizing high-speed optical module sources and wavelength division multiplexing technique, we demonstrated each user can achieve a communication speed of 200 Gbps which enables the entire system to support ultra-high communication capacity exceeding 28 Tbps. Furthermore, utilizing the metasurface polarization multiplexing, we implemented a full range wide-angle OWC without blind area nor crosstalk among users. Our OWC scheme simultaneously possesses the advantages of high-speed, wide communication area and multi-user parallel communications, paving the way for revolutionary high-performance OWC in the future., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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29. Structural basis for the evolution and antibody evasion of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 and JN.1 subvariants.
- Author
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Yang H, Guo H, Wang A, Cao L, Fan Q, Jiang J, Wang M, Lin L, Ge X, Wang H, Zhang R, Liao M, Yan R, Ju B, and Zhang Z
- Subjects
- Humans, Evolution, Molecular, Protein Binding, Models, Molecular, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus chemistry, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus genetics, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus metabolism, Immune Evasion, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 virology, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 metabolism, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 chemistry, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 immunology, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 genetics, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Antibodies, Neutralizing chemistry, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Antibodies, Viral chemistry, Mutation
- Abstract
The Omicron subvariants of SARS-CoV-2, especially for BA.2.86 and JN.1, have rapidly spread across multiple countries, posing a significant threat in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Distinguished by 34 additional mutations on the Spike (S) protein compared to its BA.2 predecessor, the implications of BA.2.86 and its evolved descendant, JN.1 with additional L455S mutation in receptor-binding domains (RBDs), are of paramount concern. In this work, we systematically examine the neutralization susceptibilities of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants and reveal the enhanced antibody evasion of BA.2.86 and JN.1. We also determine the cryo-EM structures of the trimeric S proteins from BA.2.86 and JN.1 in complex with the host receptor ACE2, respectively. The mutations within the RBDs of BA.2.86 and JN.1 induce a remodeling of the interaction network between the RBD and ACE2. The L455S mutation of JN.1 further induces a notable shift of the RBD-ACE2 interface, suggesting the notably reduced binding affinity of JN.1 than BA.2.86. An analysis of the broadly neutralizing antibodies possessing core neutralizing epitopes reveals the antibody evasion mechanism underlying the evolution of Omicron BA.2.86 subvariant. In general, we construct a landscape of evolution in virus-receptor of the circulating Omicron subvariants., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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30. Structural basis of Frizzled 4 in recognition of Dishevelled 2 unveils mechanism of WNT signaling activation.
- Author
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Qian Y, Ma Z, Xu Z, Duan Y, Xiong Y, Xia R, Zhu X, Zhang Z, Tian X, Yin H, Liu J, Song J, Lu Y, Zhang A, Guo C, Jin L, Kim WJ, Ke J, Xu F, Huang Z, and He Y
- Subjects
- Humans, HEK293 Cells, Protein Binding, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Models, Molecular, Protein Domains, Frizzled Receptors metabolism, Frizzled Receptors chemistry, Frizzled Receptors genetics, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Dishevelled Proteins metabolism, Dishevelled Proteins genetics, Dishevelled Proteins chemistry
- Abstract
WNT signaling is fundamental in development and homeostasis, but how the Frizzled receptors (FZDs) propagate signaling remains enigmatic. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of FZD4 engaged with the DEP domain of Dishevelled 2 (DVL2), a key WNT transducer. We uncover a distinct binding mode where the DEP finger-loop inserts into the FZD4 cavity to form a hydrophobic interface. FZD4 intracellular loop 2 (ICL2) additionally anchors the complex through polar contacts. Mutagenesis validates the structural observations. The DEP interface is highly conserved in FZDs, indicating a universal mechanism by which FZDs engage with DVLs. We further reveal that DEP mimics G-protein/β-arrestin/GRK to recognize an active conformation of receptor, expanding current GPCR engagement models. Finally, we identify a distinct FZD4 dimerization interface. Our findings delineate the molecular determinants governing FZD/DVL assembly and propagation of WNT signaling, providing long-sought answers underlying WNT signal transduction., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
31. Investigating the shared genetic architecture between depression and subcortical volumes.
- Author
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Liu M, Wang L, Zhang Y, Dong H, Wang C, Chen Y, Qian Q, Zhang N, Wang S, Zhao G, Zhang Z, Lei M, Wang S, Zhao Q, and Liu F
- Subjects
- Humans, Phenotype, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuroimaging, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Female, Organ Size genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Depression genetics, Multifactorial Inheritance genetics, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology
- Abstract
Depression, a widespread and highly heritable mental health condition, profoundly affects millions of individuals worldwide. Neuroimaging studies have consistently revealed volumetric abnormalities in subcortical structures associated with depression. However, the genetic underpinnings shared between depression and subcortical volumes remain inadequately understood. Here, we investigate the extent of polygenic overlap using the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR), leveraging summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies for depression (N = 674,452) and 14 subcortical volumetric phenotypes (N = 33,224). Additionally, we identify shared genomic loci through conditional/conjunctional FDR analyses. MiXeR shows that subcortical volumetric traits share a substantial proportion of genetic variants with depression, with 44 distinct shared loci identified by subsequent conjunctional FDR analysis. These shared loci are predominantly located in intronic regions (58.7%) and non-coding RNA intronic regions (25.4%). The 269 protein-coding genes mapped by these shared loci exhibit specific developmental trajectories, with the expression level of 55 genes linked to both depression and subcortical volumes, and 30 genes linked to cognitive abilities and behavioral symptoms. These findings highlight a shared genetic architecture between depression and subcortical volumetric phenotypes, enriching our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of depression., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
32. Feedforward inhibition of stress by brainstem neuropeptide Y neurons.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Shen J, Xie F, Liu Z, Yin F, Cheng M, Wang L, Cai M, Herzog H, Wu P, Zhang Z, Zhan C, and Liu T
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Anxiety physiopathology, Dorsal Raphe Nucleus metabolism, Dorsal Raphe Nucleus physiology, Periaqueductal Gray physiology, Brain Stem physiology, Hypothalamic Area, Lateral physiology, Stress, Physiological, Neuropeptide Y metabolism, Neurons metabolism, Neurons physiology, Stress, Psychological physiopathology
- Abstract
Resistance to stress is a key determinant for mammalian functioning. While many studies have revealed neural circuits and substrates responsible for initiating and mediating stress responses, little is known about how the brain resists to stress and prevents overreactions. Here, we identified a previously uncharacterized neuropeptide Y (NPY) neuronal population in the dorsal raphe nucleus and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray region (DRN/vlPAG) with anxiolytic effects in male mice. NPY
DRN/vlPAG neurons are rapidly activated by various stressful stimuli. Inhibiting these neurons exacerbated hypophagic and anxiety responses during stress, while activation significantly ameliorates acute stress-induced hypophagia and anxiety levels and transmits positive valence. Furthermore, NPYDRN/vlPAG neurons exert differential but synergic anxiolytic effects via inhibitory projections to the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) and the lateral hypothalamic area (LH). Together, our findings reveal a feedforward inhibition neural mechanism underlying stress resistance and suggest NPYDRN/vlPAG neurons as a potential therapeutic target for stress-related disorders., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Giant viruses as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes.
- Author
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Yi X, Liang JL, Wen P, Jia P, Feng SW, Liu SY, Zhuang YY, Guo YQ, Lu JL, Zhong SJ, Liao B, Wang Z, Shu WS, and Li JT
- Subjects
- Drug Resistance, Microbial genetics, Bacteriophages genetics, Bacteriophages isolation & purification, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Metagenome genetics, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Trimethoprim pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Phylogeny, Giant Viruses genetics, Genome, Viral genetics
- Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs; also called giant viruses), constituting the phylum Nucleocytoviricota, can infect a wide range of eukaryotes and exchange genetic material with not only their hosts but also prokaryotes and phages. A few NCLDVs were reported to encode genes conferring resistance to beta‑lactam, trimethoprim, or pyrimethamine, suggesting that they are potential vehicles for the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the biome. However, the incidence of ARGs across the phylum Nucleocytoviricota, their evolutionary characteristics, their dissemination potential, and their association with virulence factors remain unexplored. Here, we systematically investigated ARGs of 1416 NCLDV genomes including those of almost all currently available cultured isolates and high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes from diverse habitats across the globe. We reveal that 39.5% of them carry ARGs, which is approximately 37 times higher than that for phage genomes. A total of 12 ARG types are encoded by NCLDVs. Phylogenies of the three most abundant NCLDV-encoded ARGs hint that NCLDVs acquire ARGs from not only eukaryotes but also prokaryotes and phages. Two NCLDV-encoded trimethoprim resistance genes are demonstrated to confer trimethoprim resistance in Escherichia coli. The presence of ARGs in NCLDV genomes is significantly correlated with mobile genetic elements and virulence factors., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
34. Publisher Correction: Exploring high-quality microbial genomes by assembling short-reads with long-range connectivity.
- Author
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Zhang Z, Xiao J, Wang H, Yang C, Huang Y, Yue Z, Chen Y, Han L, Yin K, Lyu A, Fang X, and Zhang L
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Engineering active and robust alloy-based electrocatalyst by rapid Joule-heating toward ampere-level hydrogen evolution.
- Author
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Zhao Z, Sun J, Li X, Qin S, Li C, Zhang Z, Li Z, and Meng X
- Abstract
Rational design of bimetallic alloy is an effective way to improve the electrocatalytic activity and stability of Mo-based cathode for ampere-level hydrogen evolution. However, it is still critical to realise desirable syntheses due to the wide reduction potentials between different metal elements and uncontrollable nucleation processes. Herein, we propose a rapid Joule heating method to effectively load RuMo alloy onto MoOx matrix. As-prepared catalyst exhibits excellent stability (2000 h @ 1000 mA cm
-2 ) and ultralow overpotential (9 mV, 18 mV and 15 mV in 1 M KOH, 1 M PBS, 0.5 M H2 SO4 solution, respectively) at 10 mA cm-2 . Based on first-principle simulations and operando measurements, the impressive electrocatalytic stability and activity are investigated. And the role of rapid Joule heating method is highlighted and discussed in details. This study showcases rapid Joule heating as a feasible strategy to construct highly efficient alloy-based electrocatalysts., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. RNA nanotherapeutics with fibrosis overexpression and retention for MASH treatment.
- Author
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Shan X, Zhao Z, Lai P, Liu Y, Li B, Ke Y, Jiang H, Zhou Y, Li W, Wang Q, Qin P, Xue Y, Zhang Z, Wei C, Ma B, Liu W, Luo C, Lu X, Lin J, Shu L, Jie Y, Xian X, Delcassian D, Ge Y, and Miao L
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Humans, Mice, Liver Cirrhosis genetics, Liver Cirrhosis pathology, Liver Cirrhosis therapy, Disease Models, Animal, Liver metabolism, Liver pathology, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Lipids chemistry, Fatty Liver genetics, Fatty Liver metabolism, Fatty Liver pathology, Fibrosis, Recombinant Fusion Proteins genetics, Recombinant Fusion Proteins metabolism, Liposomes, Nanoparticles chemistry, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism
- Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) poses challenges for targeted delivery and retention of therapeutic proteins due to excess extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we present a new approach to treat MASH, termed "Fibrosis overexpression and retention (FORT)". In this strategy, we design (1) retinoid-derivative lipid nanoparticle (LNP) to enable enhanced mRNA overexpression in fibrotic regions, and (2) mRNA modifications which facilitate anchoring of therapeutic proteins in ECM. LNPs containing carboxyl-retinoids, rather than alcohol- or ester-retinoids, effectively deliver mRNA with over 10-fold enhancement of protein expression in fibrotic livers. The carboxyl-retinoid rearrangement on the LNP surface improves protein binding and membrane fusion. Therapeutic proteins are then engineered with an endogenous collagen-binding domain. These fusion proteins exhibit increased retention in fibrotic lesions and reduced systemic toxicity. In vivo, fibrosis-targeting LNPs encoding fusion proteins demonstrate superior therapeutic efficacy in three clinically relevant male-animal MASH models. This approach holds promise in fibrotic diseases unsuited for protein injection., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
37. Surface chemical polishing and passivation minimize non-radiative recombination for all-perovskite tandem solar cells.
- Author
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Pan Y, Wang J, Sun Z, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Shi C, Liu S, Ren F, Chen R, Cai Y, Sun H, Liu B, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Cai Z, Qin X, Zhao Z, Ji Y, Li N, Huang W, Liu Z, and Chen W
- Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells have shown great promise in breaking the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells. However, the efficiency improvement of all-perovskite tandem solar cells is largely hindered by the surface defects induced non-radiative recombination loss in Sn-Pb mixed narrow bandgap perovskite films. Here, we report a surface reconstruction strategy utilizing a surface polishing agent, 1,4-butanediamine, together with a surface passivator, ethylenediammonium diiodide, to eliminate Sn-related defects and passivate organic cation and halide vacancy defects on the surface of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films. Our strategy not only delivers high-quality Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films with a close-to-ideal stoichiometric ratio surface but also minimizes the non-radiative energy loss at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface. As a result, our Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells with bandgaps of 1.32 and 1.25 eV realize power conversion efficiencies of 22.65% and 23.32%, respectively. Additionally, we further obtain a certified power conversion efficiency of 28.49% of two-junction all-perovskite tandem solar cells., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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38. Light rain exacerbates extreme humid heat.
- Author
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang GJ, Xing C, Xia W, and Yang M
- Abstract
Humid heat waves pose significant risks to human health and the ecosystem. Intuitively, rainfall often alleviates extreme humid heat. However, here we show that light rain often accompanies extreme humid heat, exacerbating its frequency and intensity, especially over arid and semi-arid regions compared to no rain and moderate-to-heavy rain cases. This is because light rain does not dramatically reduce solar radiation but increases near-surface humidity through enhanced surface evaporation. The water replenishment from light rain as well as a shallower planetary boundary layer is crucial for consecutive extremes where there are commonly sporadic drizzle days amidst several rain-free days. These extremes last longer than rain-free extremes. Current global climate models (GCMs) overestimate light rain. After reducing this bias in a GCM, underestimations of humid heat waves in energy-limited regions and overestimations in water-limited regions are largely alleviated. These findings underscore the underappreciated impact of light rain on extreme humid heat., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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39. Transparent and high-porosity aluminum alkoxide network-forming glasses.
- Author
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Zhang Z and Zhao Y
- Abstract
Metal-organic network-forming glasses are an emerging type of material capable of combining the modular design and high porosity of metal-organic frameworks and the high processability and optical transparency of glasses. However, a generalizable strategy for achieving both high porosity and high glass-forming ability in modularly designed metal-organic networks has yet to be developed. Herein, we develop a series of aluminum alkoxide glasses and monoliths by linking aluminum-oxo clusters with alcohol linkers. A bulky monodentate alcohol modulator is introduced during synthesis and act as both network plasticizer and pore template, which can be removed by the subsequent solvent exchange to give gas accessible pores. Glasses synthesized with the modulator template exhibit well-defined glass transitions in their as-synthesized form and high surface areas up to 500 m
2 /g after activation, making them among the most porous glassy materials. The aluminum alkoxide glasses also have optical transparency and fluorescent properties, and their structures are elucidated by pair-distribution functions, spectroscopic and compositional analysis. These findings could significantly expand the library of microporous metal-organic network-forming glasses and enable their future applications., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
40. Pramel15 facilitates zygotic nuclear DNMT1 degradation and DNA demethylation.
- Author
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Tan J, Li Y, Li X, Zhu X, Liu L, Huang H, Wei J, Wang H, Tian Y, Wang Z, Zhang Z, and Zhu B
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Female, DNA Methylation, Proteolysis, Embryonic Development genetics, Male, Embryo, Mammalian metabolism, Mice, Knockout, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, DNA Replication, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 metabolism, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 genetics, Zygote metabolism, Cell Nucleus metabolism, DNA Demethylation
- Abstract
In mammals, global passive demethylation contributes to epigenetic reprogramming during early embryonic development. At this stage, the majority of DNA-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) protein is excluded from nucleus, which is considered the primary cause. However, whether the remaining nuclear activity of DNMT1 is regulated by additional mechanisms is unclear. Here, we report that nuclear DNMT1 abundance is finetuned through proteasomal degradation in mouse zygotes. We identify a maternal factor, Pramel15, which targets DNMT1 for degradation via Cullin-RING E3 ligases. Loss of Pramel15 elevates DNMT1 levels in the zygote pronuclei, impairs zygotic DNA demethylation, and causes a stochastic gain of DNA methylation in early embryos. Thus, Pramel15 can modulate the residual level of DNMT1 in the nucleus during zygotic DNA replication, thereby ensuring efficient DNA methylation reprogramming in early embryos., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
41. The pan-tandem repeat map highlights multiallelic variants underlying gene expression and agronomic traits in rice.
- Author
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He H, Leng Y, Cao X, Zhu Y, Li X, Yuan Q, Zhang B, He W, Wei H, Liu X, Xu Q, Guo M, Zhang H, Yang L, Lv Y, Wang X, Shi C, Zhang Z, Chen W, Zhang B, Wang T, Yu X, Qian H, Zhang Q, Dai X, Liu C, Cui Y, Wang Y, Zheng X, Xiong G, Zhou Y, Qian Q, and Shang L
- Subjects
- Chromosome Mapping, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Phenotype, Genetic Variation, Oryza genetics, Oryza growth & development, Oryza metabolism, Quantitative Trait Loci, Alleles, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genome, Plant, Tandem Repeat Sequences genetics
- Abstract
Tandem repeats (TRs) are genomic regions that tandemly change in repeat number, which are often multiallelic. Their characteristics and contributions to gene expression and quantitative traits in rice are largely unknown. Here, we survey rice TR variations based on 231 genome assemblies and the rice pan-genome graph. We identify 227,391 multiallelic TR loci, including 54,416 TR variations that are absent from the Nipponbare reference genome. Only 1/3 TR variations show strong linkage with nearby bi-allelic variants (SNPs, Indels and PAVs). Using 193 panicle and 202 leaf transcriptomic data, we reveal 485 and 511 TRs act as QTLs independently of other bi-allelic variations to nearby gene expression, respectively. Using plant height and grain width as examples, we identify and validate TRs contributions to rice agronomic trait variations. These findings would enhance our understanding of the functions of multiallelic variants and facilitate rice molecular breeding., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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42. Multiple-stimuli fluorescent responsive metallo-organic helicated cage arising from monomer and excimer emission.
- Author
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Zhang Z, Bai Q, Zhai Z, Long Q, Han E, Zhao H, Zhou CW, Lin H, Zhang W, Ning GH, Xie TZ, Wang P, and Wu T
- Abstract
Effectively regulating monomer and excimer emission in a singular supramolecular luminous platform is challenging due to high difficulty of precise control over its aggregation and dispersion behavior when subjected to external stimuli. Here, we show a metallo-cage (MTH) featuring a triple helical motif that displays a unique dual emission. It arises from both intramolecular monomer and intermolecular excimer, respectively. The distorted molecular conformation and the staggered stacking mode of MTH excimer are verified through single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. These structural features facilitate the switch between monomer and excimer emission, which are induced by changes in concentration and temperature. Significantly, adjusting the equilibrium between these two states in MTH enables the production of vibrant white light emission in both solution and solid state. Moreover, when combined with a PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) substrate, the resulting thin films can serve as straightforward fluorescence thermometer and thermally activated information encryption materials., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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43. Lipid synthesis, triggered by PPARγ T166 dephosphorylation, sustains reparative function of macrophages during tissue repair.
- Author
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Zuo S, Wang Y, Bao H, Zhang Z, Yang N, Jia M, Zhang Q, Jian A, Ji R, Zhang L, Lu Y, Huang Y, and Shen P
- Subjects
- Animals, Phosphorylation, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Endoplasmic Reticulum metabolism, Lipogenesis, STAT3 Transcription Factor metabolism, Signal Transduction, Humans, Male, RAW 264.7 Cells, PPAR gamma metabolism, Macrophages metabolism, Wound Healing physiology
- Abstract
Macrophages may acquire a reparative phenotype that supports tissue repair and remodeling in response to tissue injury. However, the metabolic requirements underpinning this process are incompletely understood. Here, we show that posttranslational modification (PTM) of PPARγ regulates lipid synthesis in response to wound microenvironmental cues and that metabolic rewiring orchestrates function of reparative macrophages. In injured tissues, repair signaling leads to decreased macrophage PPARγ threonine 166 (T166) phosphorylation, which results in a partially active PPARγ transcriptional program comprised of increased binding activity to the regulator regions of lipid synthesis-associated genes, thereby increased lipogenesis. The accumulated lipids serve as signaling molecules, triggering STAT3-mediated growth factor expression, and supporting the synthesis of phospholipids for the expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is required for protein secretion. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PPARγ T166 phosphorylation promotes the reparative function of macrophages and facilitates tissue regeneration. In summary, our work identifies PPARγ T166-regulated lipid biosynthesis as an essential pathway for meeting the anabolic demands of the activation and function of macrophages and provides a rationale for potential therapeutic targeting of tissue repair., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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44. Simultaneous capture of trace benzene and SO 2 in a robust Ni(II)-pyrazolate framework.
- Author
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Si GR, Kong XJ, He T, Zhang Z, and Li JR
- Abstract
Benzene and SO
2 , coexisting as hazardous air pollutants in some cases, such as in coke oven emissions, have led to detrimental health and environmental effects. Physisorbents offer promise in capturing benzene and SO2 , while their performance compromises at low concentration. Particularly, the simultaneous capture of trace benzene and SO2 under humid conditions is attractive but challenging. Here, we address this issue by constructing a robust pyrazolate metal-organic framework (MOF) sorbent featuring rich accessible Ni(II) sites with low affinity to water and good stability. This material achieves a high benzene uptake of 5.08 mmol g-1 at 10 Pa, surpassing previous benchmarks. More importantly, it exhibits an adsorption capacity of ~0.51 mmol g-1 for 10 ppm benzene and ~1.21 mmol g-1 for 250 ppm SO2 under 30% relative humidity. This work demonstrates that a pioneering MOF enables simultaneous capture of trace benzene and SO2 , highlighting the potential of physisorbents for industrial effluent remediation, even in the presence of moisture., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
45. Thermal shock protection with scalable heat-absorbing aerogels.
- Author
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Xiong F, Zhou J, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Qin M, Han H, Shen Z, Han S, Geng X, Jia K, and Zou R
- Abstract
Improving thermal insulation is vital for addressing thermal protection and energy efficiency challenges. Though silica aerogel has a record-low thermal conductivity at ambient pressure, its high production cost, due to its nanoscale porous structure, has hindered its widespread use. In this study, we introduce a cost-effective and mild method that enhances insulation by incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) into a micron-porous framework. With a thermal conductivity at 0.041 W m
-1 K-1 on par with conventional insulation materials, this PCMs aerogel presents additional advantages for thermal protection from transient high-temperature loads by effectively delaying heat propagation through heat absorption. Moreover, the PCMs aerogel remains stable under cyclic deformation and heating up to 300 °C and is self-extinguishing in the presence of fire. Our approach offers a promising alternative for affordable insulation materials with potential wide applications in thermal protection and energy conservation areas., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Effects of surface hydrophobization on the phase evolution behavior of iron-based catalyst during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
- Author
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Xu Y, Zhang Z, Wu K, Wang J, Hou B, Shan R, Li L, and Ding M
- Abstract
Iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst is widely used for syngas conversion, but its iron carbide active phase is easily oxidized into Fe
3 O4 by the water produced during reaction, leading to the deterioration of catalytic performance. Here, we show an efficient strategy for protecting the iron carbide active phase of FTS catalyst by surface hydrophobization. The hydrophobic surface can reduce the water concentration in the core vicinity of catalyst during syngas conversion, and thus inhibit the oxidation of iron species by water, which enhances the C - C coupling ability of catalyst and promotes the formation of long-chain olefins. More significantly, it is unraveled that appropriate shell thickness plays a crucial role in stabilizing the iron carbide active phase without Fe3 O4 formation and achieving good catalytic performance., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
47. Genome-wide variation study and inter-tissue communication analysis unveil regulatory mechanisms of egg-laying performance in chickens.
- Author
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Wang D, Tan L, Zhi Y, Bu L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Guo Y, Tian W, Xu C, Li D, Li Z, Jiang R, Han R, Li G, Wang Y, Xia D, Tian Y, Dunn IC, Hu X, Li H, Zhao Y, Kang X, and Liu X
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone metabolism, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone genetics, Granulosa Cells metabolism, Oviposition genetics, Pituitary Gland metabolism, Hypothalamus metabolism, Reproduction genetics, Ovary metabolism, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit genetics, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit metabolism, Angiopoietin-like Proteins metabolism, Angiopoietin-like Proteins genetics, Avian Proteins genetics, Avian Proteins metabolism, Chickens genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study
- Abstract
Egg-laying performance is of great economic importance in poultry, but the underlying genetic mechanisms are still elusive. In this work, we conduct a multi-omics and multi-tissue integrative study in hens with distinct egg production, to detect the hub candidate genes and construct hub molecular networks contributing to egg-laying phenotypic differences. We identifiy three hub candidate genes as egg-laying facilitators: TFPI2, which promotes the GnRH secretion in hypothalamic neuron cells; CAMK2D, which promotes the FSHβ and LHβ secretion in pituitary cells; and OSTN, which promotes granulosa cell proliferation and the synthesis of sex steroid hormones. We reveal key endocrine factors involving egg production by inter-tissue crosstalk analysis, and demonstrate that both a hepatokine, APOA4, and an adipokine, ANGPTL2, could increase egg production by inter-tissue communication with hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Together, These results reveal the molecular mechanisms of multi-tissue coordinative regulation of chicken egg-laying performance and provide key insights to avian reproductive regulation., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Enable biomass-derived alcohols mediated alkylation and transfer hydrogenation.
- Author
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Liu X, Huang L, Ma Y, She G, Zhou P, Zhu L, and Zhang Z
- Abstract
A single-atom catalyst with generally regarded inert Zn-N
4 motifs derived from ZIF-8 is unexpectedly efficient for the activation of alcohols, enabling alcohol-mediated alkylation and transfer hydrogenation. C-alkylation of nitriles, ketones, alcohols, N-heterocycles, amides, keto acids, and esters, and N-alkylation of amines and amides all go smoothly with the developed method. Taking the α-alkylation of nitriles with alcohols as an example, the α-alkylation starts from the (1) nitrogen-doped carbon support catalyzed dehydrogenation of alcohols into aldehydes, which further condensed with nitriles to give vinyl nitriles, followed by (2) transfer hydrogenation of C=C bonds in vinyl nitriles on Zn-N4 sites. The experimental results and DFT calculations reveal that the Lewis acidic Zn-N4 sites promote step (2) by activating the alcohols. This is the first example of highly efficient single-atom catalysts for various organic transformations with biomass-derived alcohols as the alkylating reagents and hydrogen donors., (© 2024. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Wedging crystals to fabricate crystalline framework nanosheets via mechanochemistry.
- Author
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Fan Y, Shen Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Li H, Peng Y, Weng J, Xie R, Zhang W, Han Y, Xiao Y, Zhang S, Zheng B, Zhang HL, Li S, Huang W, Huo F, and Zhang W
- Abstract
Mechanochemistry studies the effect of mechanical force on chemical bonds, bringing opportunities for synthesizing alloys, ceramics, organics, polymers, and biomaterials. A vital issue of applying macro-scale mechanical force to manipulate crystal structures is finding ways to precisely adjust the force directions to break micro-scale target chemical bonds. Inspired by a common technique of driving a wedge into the wood to make wood chopping much easier, a wedging strategy of splitting three-dimensional structured crystalline frameworks and then converting them to nanosheets was proposed, where specific molecules were wedged into crystalline frameworks to drive the directional transmission of mechanical force to break chemical bonds. As a result, various crystalline framework nanosheets including metal-organic framework nanosheets, covalent organic framework nanosheets, and coordination polymer nanosheets were fabricated. This wedging crystal strategy exhibits advantages of operability, flexibility and designability, and furthermore, it is expected to expand mechanochemistry applications in material preparation., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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50. Covalent organic framework membrane reactor for boosting catalytic performance.
- Author
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Zheng L, Zhang Z, Lai Z, Yin S, Xian W, Meng QW, Dai Z, Xiong Y, Meng X, Ma S, Xiao FS, and Sun Q
- Abstract
Membrane reactors are known for their efficiency and superior operability compared to traditional batch processes, but their limited diversity poses challenges in meeting various reaction requirements. Herein, we leverage the molecular tunability of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to broaden their applicability in membrane reactors. Our COF membrane demonstrates an exceptional ability to achieve complete conversion in just 0.63 s at room temperature-a benchmark in efficiency for Knoevenagel condensation. This performance significantly surpasses that of the corresponding homogeneous catalyst and COF powder by factors of 176 and 375 in turnover frequency, respectively. The enhanced concentration of reactants and the rapid removal of generated water within the membrane greatly accelerate the reaction, reducing the apparent activation energy. Consequently, this membrane reactor enables reactions that are unattainable using both COF powders and homogeneous catalysts. Considering the versatility, our findings highlight the substantial promise of COF-based membrane reactors in organic transformations., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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