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1. Plasma p-tau212 antemortem diagnostic performance and prediction of autopsy verification of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology

Author

Kac, Przemysław R., González-Ortiz, Fernando, Emeršič, Andreja, Dulewicz, Maciej, Koutarapu, Srinivas, Turton, Michael, An, Yang, Smirnov, Denis, Kulczyńska-Przybik, Agnieszka, Varma, Vijay R., Ashton, Nicholas J., Montoliu-Gaya, Laia, Camporesi, Elena, Winkel, Izabela, Paradowski, Bogusław, Moghekar, Abhay, Troncoso, Juan C., Lashley, Tammaryn, Brinkmalm, Gunnar, Resnick, Susan M., Mroczko, Barbara, Kvartsberg, Hlin, Gregorič Kramberger, Milica, Hanrieder, Jörg, Čučnik, Saša, Harrison, Peter, Zetterberg, Henrik, Lewczuk, Piotr, Thambisetty, Madhav, Rot, Uroš, Galasko, Douglas, Blennow, Kaj, and Karikari, Thomas K.

Published
2024
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3. Utilizing river and wastewater as a SARS-CoV-2 surveillance tool in settings with limited formal sewage systems

Author

Barnes, Kayla G., Levy, Joshua I., Gauld, Jillian, Rigby, Jonathan, Kanjerwa, Oscar, Uzzell, Christopher B., Chilupsya, Chisomo, Anscombe, Catherine, Tomkins-Tinch, Christopher, Mbeti, Omar, Cairns, Edward, Thole, Herbert, McSweeney, Shannon, Chibwana, Marah G., Ashton, Philip M., Jere, Khuzwayo C., Meschke, John Scott, Diggle, Peter, Cornick, Jennifer, Chilima, Benjamin, Jambo, Kondwani, Andersen, Kristian G., Kawalazira, Gift, Paterson, Steve, Nyirenda, Tonney S., and Feasey, Nicholas

Published
2023
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5. Experimental warming differentially affects vegetative and reproductive phenology of tundra plants.

Author

Collins, Courtney G, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Hollister, Robert D, Henry, Greg HR, Clark, Karin, Bjorkman, Anne D, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Prevéy, Janet S, Ashton, Isabel W, Assmann, Jakob J, Alatalo, Juha M, Carbognani, Michele, Chisholm, Chelsea, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Forrester, Chiara, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klanderud, Kari, Kopp, Christopher W, Livensperger, Carolyn, Mauritz, Marguerite, May, Jeremy L, Molau, Ulf, Oberbauer, Steven F, Ogburn, Emily, Panchen, Zoe A, Petraglia, Alessandro, Post, Eric, Rixen, Christian, Rodenhizer, Heidi, Schuur, Edward AG, Semenchuk, Philipp, Smith, Jane G, Steltzer, Heidi, Totland, Ørjan, Walker, Marilyn D, Welker, Jeffrey M, and Suding, Katharine N

Subjects
Plants, Flowers, Ecosystem, Temperature, Climate, Seasons, Reproduction, Phenotype, Models, Biological, Arctic Regions, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Tundra
Abstract

Rapid climate warming is altering Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystem structure and function, including shifts in plant phenology. While the advancement of green up and flowering are well-documented, it remains unclear whether all phenophases, particularly those later in the season, will shift in unison or respond divergently to warming. Here, we present the largest synthesis to our knowledge of experimental warming effects on tundra plant phenology from the International Tundra Experiment. We examine the effect of warming on a suite of season-wide plant phenophases. Results challenge the expectation that all phenophases will advance in unison to warming. Instead, we find that experimental warming caused: (1) larger phenological shifts in reproductive versus vegetative phenophases and (2) advanced reproductive phenophases and green up but delayed leaf senescence which translated to a lengthening of the growing season by approximately 3%. Patterns were consistent across sites, plant species and over time. The advancement of reproductive seasons and lengthening of growing seasons may have significant consequences for trophic interactions and ecosystem function across the tundra.

Published
2021

6. A multicentre validation study of the diagnostic value of plasma neurofilament light.

Author

Ashton, Nicholas J, Janelidze, Shorena, Al Khleifat, Ahmad, Leuzy, Antoine, van der Ende, Emma L, Karikari, Thomas K, Benedet, Andrea L, Pascoal, Tharick A, Lleó, Alberto, Parnetti, Lucilla, Galimberti, Daniela, Bonanni, Laura, Pilotto, Andrea, Padovani, Alessandro, Lycke, Jan, Novakova, Lenka, Axelsson, Markus, Velayudhan, Latha, Rabinovici, Gil D, Miller, Bruce, Pariante, Carmine, Nikkheslat, Naghmeh, Resnick, Susan M, Thambisetty, Madhav, Schöll, Michael, Fernández-Eulate, Gorka, Gil-Bea, Francisco J, López de Munain, Adolfo, Al-Chalabi, Ammar, Rosa-Neto, Pedro, Strydom, Andre, Svenningsson, Per, Stomrud, Erik, Santillo, Alexander, Aarsland, Dag, van Swieten, John C, Palmqvist, Sebastian, Zetterberg, Henrik, Blennow, Kaj, Hye, Abdul, and Hansson, Oskar

Subjects
Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Down Syndrome, Neurofilament Proteins, False Positive Reactions, Cohort Studies, Predictive Value of Tests, Depression, Age Factors, Sex Factors, Reference Values, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Biomarkers, Cognitive Dysfunction
Abstract

Increased cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light (NfL) is a recognized biomarker for neurodegeneration that can also be assessed in blood. Here, we investigate plasma NfL as a marker of neurodegeneration in 13 neurodegenerative disorders, Down syndrome, depression and cognitively unimpaired controls from two multicenter cohorts: King's College London (n = 805) and the Swedish BioFINDER study (n = 1,464). Plasma NfL was significantly increased in all cortical neurodegenerative disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and atypical parkinsonian disorders. We demonstrate that plasma NfL is clinically useful in identifying atypical parkinsonian disorders in patients with parkinsonism, dementia in individuals with Down syndrome, dementia among psychiatric disorders, and frontotemporal dementia in patients with cognitive impairment. Data-driven cut-offs highlighted the fundamental importance of age-related clinical cut-offs for disorders with a younger age of onset. Finally, plasma NfL performs best when applied to indicate no underlying neurodegeneration, with low false positives, in all age-related cut-offs.

Published
2021

8. DL4-μbeads induce T cell lineage differentiation from stem cells in a stromal cell-free system

Author

Ashton C. Trotman-Grant, Mahmood Mohtashami, Joshua De Sousa Casal, Elisa C. Martinez, Dylan Lee, Sintia Teichman, Patrick M. Brauer, Jianxun Han, Michele K. Anderson, and Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker

Subjects
Science
Abstract

T cells derived from stem cells can be harnessed for regenerative medicine and cancer immunotherapy, but current technologies limit production and translation. Here, the authors present a serum-free, stromal-cell free DLL4-coated microbead method for the scalable production of T-lineage cells from multiple sources of stem cells.

Published
2021
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9. Phosphorylated tau181 in plasma as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease in adults with Down syndrome

Author

Alberto Lleó, Henrik Zetterberg, Jordi Pegueroles, Thomas K. Karikari, María Carmona-Iragui, Nicholas J. Ashton, Victor Montal, Isabel Barroeta, Juan Lantero-Rodríguez, Laura Videla, Miren Altuna, Bessy Benejam, Susana Fernandez, Silvia Valldeneu, Diana Garzón, Alexandre Bejanin, Maria Florencia Iulita, Valle Camacho, Santiago Medrano-Martorell, Olivia Belbin, Jordi Clarimon, Sylvain Lehmann, Daniel Alcolea, Rafael Blesa, Kaj Blennow, and Juan Fortea

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) predicts Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Here, the authors investigated whether plasma ptau181 could be a potential biomarker of AD in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and find plasma p-tau181 can detect AD in DS adults.

Published
2021
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10. Coordination of endothelial cell positioning and fate specification by the epicardium

Author

Pearl Quijada, Michael A. Trembley, Adwiteeya Misra, Jacquelyn A. Myers, Cameron D. Baker, Marta Pérez-Hernández, Jason R. Myers, Ronald A. Dirkx, Ethan David Cohen, Mario Delmar, John M. Ashton, and Eric M. Small

Subjects
Science
Abstract

It remains unclear how spatial information controls endothelial cell identity and behavior in the developing heart. Here the authors perform single cell RNA sequencing at key developmental timepoints in mice to interrogate cellular contributions to coronary vessel patterning and maturation in the epicardium.

Published
2021
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11. Experimental warming differentially affects vegetative and reproductive phenology of tundra plants

Author

Courtney G. Collins, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Robert D. Hollister, Greg H. R. Henry, Karin Clark, Anne D. Bjorkman, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Janet S. Prevéy, Isabel W. Ashton, Jakob J. Assmann, Juha M. Alatalo, Michele Carbognani, Chelsea Chisholm, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Chiara Forrester, Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir, Kari Klanderud, Christopher W. Kopp, Carolyn Livensperger, Marguerite Mauritz, Jeremy L. May, Ulf Molau, Steven F. Oberbauer, Emily Ogburn, Zoe A. Panchen, Alessandro Petraglia, Eric Post, Christian Rixen, Heidi Rodenhizer, Edward A. G. Schuur, Philipp Semenchuk, Jane G. Smith, Heidi Steltzer, Ørjan Totland, Marilyn D. Walker, Jeffrey M. Welker, and Katharine N. Suding

Subjects
Science
Abstract

It is unclear whether climate driven phenological shifts of tundra plants are consistent across the plant growing season. Here the authors analyse data from a network of field warming experiments in Arctic and alpine tundra, finding that warming differentially affects the timing and duration of reproductive and vegetative phenology.

Published
2021
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12. A multicentre validation study of the diagnostic value of plasma neurofilament light

Author

Nicholas J. Ashton, Shorena Janelidze, Ahmad Al Khleifat, Antoine Leuzy, Emma L. van der Ende, Thomas K. Karikari, Andrea L. Benedet, Tharick A. Pascoal, Alberto Lleó, Lucilla Parnetti, Daniela Galimberti, Laura Bonanni, Andrea Pilotto, Alessandro Padovani, Jan Lycke, Lenka Novakova, Markus Axelsson, Latha Velayudhan, Gil D. Rabinovici, Bruce Miller, Carmine Pariante, Naghmeh Nikkheslat, Susan M. Resnick, Madhav Thambisetty, Michael Schöll, Gorka Fernández-Eulate, Francisco J. Gil-Bea, Adolfo López de Munain, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Andre Strydom, Per Svenningsson, Erik Stomrud, Alexander Santillo, Dag Aarsland, John C. van Swieten, Sebastian Palmqvist, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Abdul Hye, and Oskar Hansson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light (NfL) is a biomarker for neurodegeneration that can also be assessed in blood. Here the authors show in a validation study the potential for plasma NfL as a biomarker for several neurodegenerative diseases.

Published
2021
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13. The contribution of water radiolysis to marine sedimentary life

Author

Justine F. Sauvage, Ashton Flinders, Arthur J. Spivack, Robert Pockalny, Ann G. Dunlea, Chloe H. Anderson, David C. Smith, Richard W. Murray, and Steven D’Hondt

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The extent to which chemical products of water radiolysis could sustain subseafloor microbial life is unknown. Here the authors show that sediment catalyzes radiolytic production of H2 and oxidants, providing the primary energy source for life in ancient marine sediment.

Published
2021
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14. Interactions with conspecific outsiders as drivers of cognitive evolution

Author

Benjamin J. Ashton, Patrick Kennedy, and Andrew N. Radford

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The social intelligence hypothesis predicts that social organisms tend to be more intelligent because within-group interactions drive cognitive evolution. Here, authors propose that conspecific outsiders can be just as important in selecting for sophisticated cognitive adaptations.

Published
2020
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15. Revised estimates of ocean-atmosphere CO2 flux are consistent with ocean carbon inventory

Author

Andrew J. Watson, Ute Schuster, Jamie D. Shutler, Thomas Holding, Ian G. C. Ashton, Peter Landschützer, David K. Woolf, and Lonneke Goddijn-Murphy

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Ocean uptake of carbon dioxide impacts the climate, but flux estimates from surface measurements have not been corrected for temperature differences between surface and water sampling depth. Making that correction, the authors find previous estimates for ocean uptake have been substantially underestimated.

Published
2020
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16. Loss of heterozygosity of essential genes represents a widespread class of potential cancer vulnerabilities

Author

Caitlin A. Nichols, William J. Gibson, Meredith S. Brown, Jack A. Kosmicki, John P. Busanovich, Hope Wei, Laura M. Urbanski, Naomi Curimjee, Ashton C. Berger, Galen F. Gao, Andrew D. Cherniack, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Brenton R. Paolella, and Rameen Beroukhim

Subjects
Science
Abstract

In tumors, hundreds of genes can undergo loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Here, the authors investigate the potential for this LOH as a class of non-driver cancer vulnerabilities.

Published
2020
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17. Stroma remodeling and reduced cell division define durable response to PD-1 blockade in melanoma

Author

Elena Galvani, Piyushkumar A. Mundra, Sara Valpione, Pablo Garcia-Martinez, Matthew Smith, Jonathan Greenall, Rohit Thakur, Beth Helmink, Miles C. Andrews, Louis Boon, Christopher Chester, Gabriela Gremel, Kate Hogan, Amit Mandal, Kang Zeng, Antonia Banyard, Garry Ashton, Martin Cook, Paul Lorigan, Jennifer A. Wargo, Nathalie Dhomen, and Richard Marais

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Identification of clinical relevant biomarkers to predict response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in melanoma remains challenging. Here, the authors show that stroma remodelling and reduced cell division are associated with durable response to anti-PD1 in a mouse model of melanoma and in ICB-treated patients.

Published
2020
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18. Phosphorylated tau181 in plasma as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease in adults with Down syndrome

Author

Lleó, Alberto, Zetterberg, Henrik, Pegueroles, Jordi, Karikari, Thomas K., Carmona-Iragui, María, Ashton, Nicholas J., Montal, Victor, Barroeta, Isabel, Lantero-Rodríguez, Juan, Videla, Laura, Altuna, Miren, Benejam, Bessy, Fernandez, Susana, Valldeneu, Silvia, Garzón, Diana, Bejanin, Alexandre, Iulita, Maria Florencia, Camacho, Valle, Medrano-Martorell, Santiago, Belbin, Olivia, Clarimon, Jordi, Lehmann, Sylvain, Alcolea, Daniel, Blesa, Rafael, Blennow, Kaj, and Fortea, Juan

Published
2021
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22. Genomic and immune profiling of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma

Author

Haiquan Chen, Jian Carrot-Zhang, Yue Zhao, Haichuan Hu, Samuel S. Freeman, Su Yu, Gavin Ha, Alison M. Taylor, Ashton C. Berger, Lindsay Westlake, Yuanting Zheng, Jiyang Zhang, Aruna Ramachandran, Qiang Zheng, Yunjian Pan, Difan Zheng, Shanbo Zheng, Chao Cheng, Muyu Kuang, Xiaoyan Zhou, Yang Zhang, Hang Li, Ting Ye, Yuan Ma, Zhendong Gao, Xiaoting Tao, Han Han, Jun Shang, Ying Yu, Ding Bao, Yechao Huang, Xiangnan Li, Yawei Zhang, Jiaqing Xiang, Yihua Sun, Yuan Li, Andrew D. Cherniack, Joshua D. Campbell, Leming Shi, and Matthew Meyerson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The genomic and immune landscape of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma is poorly understood. Here, the authors perform exome and transcriptome sequencing on precursor legions and invasive lung adenocarcinomas, identifying recurrently mutated genes in pre/minimally invasive cases, and arm level alteration events linked to immune infiltration.

Published
2019
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23. Lack of long-term acclimation in Antarctic encrusting species suggests vulnerability to warming

Author

Melody S. Clark, Leyre Villota Nieva, Joseph I. Hoffman, Andrew J. Davies, Urmi H. Trivedi, Frances Turner, Gail V. Ashton, and Lloyd S. Peck

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Genetic adaptation and physiological acclimation can potentially buffer species against climate change. Here, the authors perform a long-term warming experiment of Antarctic encrusting communities and show that focal animal species failed to acclimate and lacked genetic variation in tolerance to warming.

Published
2019
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24. Three phylogenetic groups have driven the recent population expansion of Cryptococcus neoformans

Author

P. M. Ashton, L. T. Thanh, P. H. Trieu, D. Van Anh, N. M. Trinh, J. Beardsley, F. Kibengo, W. Chierakul, D. A. B. Dance, S. Rattanavong, V. Davong, L. Q. Hung, N. V. V. Chau, N. L. N. Tung, A. K. Chan, G. E. Thwaites, D. G. Lalloo, C. Anscombe, L. T. H. Nhat, J. Perfect, G. Dougan, S. Baker, S. Harris, and J. N. Day

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen which primarily affects people with immune defects including those living with HIV. Here, the authors sequence and analyze genomes of 699 isolates, and identify recent population expansion driven by three phylogenetic groups.

Published
2019
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25. MEK1/2 inhibitor withdrawal reverses acquired resistance driven by BRAFV600E amplification whereas KRASG13D amplification promotes EMT-chemoresistance

Author

Matthew J. Sale, Kathryn Balmanno, Jayeta Saxena, Eiko Ozono, Katarzyna Wojdyla, Rebecca E. McIntyre, Rebecca Gilley, Anna Woroniuk, Karen D. Howarth, Gareth Hughes, Jonathan R. Dry, Mark J. Arends, Pilar Caro, David Oxley, Susan Ashton, David J. Adams, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Paul D. Smith, and Simon J. Cook

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Colorectal cancer cells can acquire resistance to MEK inhibition due to BRAF or KRAS amplification. Here, the authors show that while MEK inhibitor withdrawal in BRAF mutant cells restores sensitivity to the inhibitor through the loss of BRAF amplification mediated by a p57-dependent mechanism, drug withdrawal from KRAS mutant cells does not restore sensitivity but results in EMT and chemoresistance.

Published
2019
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26. Thermally robust spin correlations between two 85Rb atoms in an optical microtrap

Author

Pimonpan Sompet, Stuart S. Szigeti, Eyal Schwartz, Ashton S. Bradley, and Mikkel F. Andersen

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Spin-changing atomic collisions are important for thermally robust entanglement generation with applications in quantum information. Here the authors demonstrate record high spin state correlations and long spin relaxation times in the collision of two Rb atoms at relatively warm temperatures.

Published
2019
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27. Maintenance of epigenetic landscape requires CIZ1 and is corrupted in differentiated fibroblasts in long-term culture

Author

Emma R. Stewart, Robert M. L. Turner, Katherine Newling, Rebeca Ridings-Figueroa, Victoria Scott, Peter D. Ashton, Justin F. X. Ainscough, and Dawn Coverley

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The inactive X chromosome (Xi) is a model for establishment and maintenance of repressed chromatin and the function of polycomb repressive complexes. Here the authors show that Xi transiently relocates from the nuclear periphery during replication in a CIZ1-dependent manner, which plays a role in maintaining PRC-mediated repressed chromatin.

Published
2019
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28. Identification of ADAR1 adenosine deaminase dependency in a subset of cancer cells

Author

Hugh S. Gannon, Tao Zou, Michael K. Kiessling, Galen F. Gao, Diana Cai, Peter S. Choi, Alexandru P. Ivan, Ilana Buchumenski, Ashton C. Berger, Jonathan T. Goldstein, Andrew D. Cherniack, Francisca Vazquez, Aviad Tsherniak, Erez Y. Levanon, William C. Hahn, and Matthew Meyerson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Specific cancer cell vulnerabilities can provide an opportunity for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. In this study the authors demonstrate that targeting ADAR1 represents a potential therapeutic vulnerability in cancers with activated interferon response signatures.

Published
2018
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31. Identification of nine new susceptibility loci for endometrial cancer

Author

Tracy A. O’Mara, Dylan M. Glubb, Frederic Amant, Daniela Annibali, Katie Ashton, John Attia, Paul L. Auer, Matthias W. Beckmann, Amanda Black, Manjeet K. Bolla, Hiltrud Brauch, Hermann Brenner, Louise Brinton, Daniel D. Buchanan, Barbara Burwinkel, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Chu Chen, Maxine M. Chen, Timothy H. T. Cheng, Christine L. Clarke, Mark Clendenning, Linda S. Cook, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Marta Crous-Bous, Kamila Czene, Felix Day, Joe Dennis, Jeroen Depreeuw, Jennifer Anne Doherty, Thilo Dörk, Sean C. Dowdy, Matthias Dürst, Arif B. Ekici, Peter A. Fasching, Brooke L. Fridley, Christine M. Friedenreich, Lin Fritschi, Jenny Fung, Montserrat García-Closas, Mia M. Gaudet, Graham G. Giles, Ellen L. Goode, Maggie Gorman, Christopher A. Haiman, Per Hall, Susan E. Hankison, Catherine S. Healey, Alexander Hein, Peter Hillemanns, Shirley Hodgson, Erling A. Hoivik, Elizabeth G. Holliday, John L. Hopper, David J. Hunter, Angela Jones, Camilla Krakstad, Vessela N. Kristensen, Diether Lambrechts, Loic Le Marchand, Xiaolin Liang, Annika Lindblom, Jolanta Lissowska, Jirong Long, Lingeng Lu, Anthony M. Magliocco, Lynn Martin, Mark McEvoy, Alfons Meindl, Kyriaki Michailidou, Roger L. Milne, Miriam Mints, Grant W. Montgomery, Rami Nassir, Håkan Olsson, Irene Orlow, Geoffrey Otton, Claire Palles, John R. B. Perry, Julian Peto, Loreall Pooler, Jennifer Prescott, Tony Proietto, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Harvey A. Risch, Peter A. W. Rogers, Matthias Rübner, Ingo Runnebaum, Carlotta Sacerdote, Gloria E. Sarto, Fredrick Schumacher, Rodney J. Scott, V. Wendy Setiawan, Mitul Shah, Xin Sheng, Xiao-Ou Shu, Melissa C. Southey, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Emma Tham, Jone Trovik, Constance Turman, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Celine Vachon, David VanDen Berg, Adriaan Vanderstichele, Zhaoming Wang, Penelope M. Webb, Nicolas Wentzensen, Henrica M. J. Werner, Stacey J. Winham, Alicja Wolk, Lucy Xia, Yong-Bing Xiang, Hannah P. Yang, Herbert Yu, Wei Zheng, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Alison M. Dunning, Peter Kraft, Immaculata De Vivo, Ian Tomlinson, Douglas F. Easton, Amanda B. Spurdle, and Deborah J. Thompson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Endometrial cancer is the most common invasive gynaecological cancer in developed countries. Here a meta-analysis identifies an additional nine novel endometrial cancer risk loci and eQTL analysis reveals risk variants associate with reduced expression of negative regulators of oncogenic signal transduction proteins.

Published
2018
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32. Long-term carbon sink in Borneo’s forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edge effects

Author

Lan Qie, Simon L. Lewis, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Georgia C. Pickavance, Terry Sunderland, Peter Ashton, Wannes Hubau, Kamariah Abu Salim, Shin-Ichiro Aiba, Lindsay F. Banin, Nicholas Berry, Francis Q. Brearley, David F. R. P. Burslem, Martin Dančák, Stuart J. Davies, Gabriella Fredriksson, Keith C. Hamer, Radim Hédl, Lip Khoon Kho, Kanehiro Kitayama, Haruni Krisnawati, Stanislav Lhota, Yadvinder Malhi, Colin Maycock, Faizah Metali, Edi Mirmanto, Laszlo Nagy, Reuben Nilus, Robert Ong, Colin A. Pendry, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Richard B. Primack, Ervan Rutishauser, Ismayadi Samsoedin, Bernaulus Saragih, Plinio Sist, J. W. Ferry Slik, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri, Martin Svátek, Sylvester Tan, Aiyen Tjoa, Mark van Nieuwstadt, Ronald R. E. Vernimmen, Ishak Yassir, Petra Susan Kidd, Muhammad Fitriadi, Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris, Rafizah Mat Serudin, Layla Syaznie Abdullah Lim, Muhammad Shahruney Saparudin, and Oliver L. Phillips

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The existence of a pan-tropical forest carbon sink remains uncertain due to the lack of data from Asia. Here, using direct on-the-ground observations, the authors confirm remaining intact forests in Borneo have provided a long-term carbon sink, but carbon net gains are vulnerable to drought and edge effects.

Published
2017
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33. HEB is required for the specification of fetal IL-17-producing γδ T cells

Author

Tracy S. H. In, Ashton Trotman-Grant, Shawn Fahl, Edward L. Y. Chen, Payam Zarin, Amanda J. Moore, David L. Wiest, Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker, and Michele K. Anderson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The γδ T cell pool includes abundant IL-17-producing cells that protect mucosal surfaces, but the signals that control γδ T cell specification are unclear. Here the authors identify a role for the transcription factor HEB, and antagonistic activity of Id3, in the development of these cells.

Published
2017
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34. The structural variation landscape in 492 Atlantic salmon genomes

Author

Bertolotti, Alicia C., Layer, Ryan M., Gundappa, Manu Kumar, Gallagher, Michael D., Pehlivanoglu, Ege, Nome, Torfinn, Robledo, Diego, Kent, Matthew P., Røsæg, Line L., Holen, Matilde M., Mulugeta, Teshome D., Ashton, Thomas J., Hindar, Kjetil, Sægrov, Harald, Florø-Larsen, Bjørn, Erkinaro, Jaakko, Primmer, Craig R., Bernatchez, Louis, Martin, Samuel A. M., Johnston, Ian A., Sandve, Simen R., Lien, Sigbjørn, and Macqueen, Daniel J.

Published
2020
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37. Stroma remodeling and reduced cell division define durable response to PD-1 blockade in melanoma

Author

Galvani, Elena, Mundra, Piyushkumar A., Valpione, Sara, Garcia-Martinez, Pablo, Smith, Matthew, Greenall, Jonathan, Thakur, Rohit, Helmink, Beth, Andrews, Miles C., Boon, Louis, Chester, Christopher, Gremel, Gabriela, Hogan, Kate, Mandal, Amit, Zeng, Kang, Banyard, Antonia, Ashton, Garry, Cook, Martin, Lorigan, Paul, Wargo, Jennifer A., Dhomen, Nathalie, and Marais, Richard

Published
2020
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39. Genomic and immune profiling of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma

Author

Chen, Haiquan, Carrot-Zhang, Jian, Zhao, Yue, Hu, Haichuan, Freeman, Samuel S., Yu, Su, Ha, Gavin, Taylor, Alison M., Berger, Ashton C., Westlake, Lindsay, Zheng, Yuanting, Zhang, Jiyang, Ramachandran, Aruna, Zheng, Qiang, Pan, Yunjian, Zheng, Difan, Zheng, Shanbo, Cheng, Chao, Kuang, Muyu, Zhou, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Yang, Li, Hang, Ye, Ting, Ma, Yuan, Gao, Zhendong, Tao, Xiaoting, Han, Han, Shang, Jun, Yu, Ying, Bao, Ding, Huang, Yechao, Li, Xiangnan, Zhang, Yawei, Xiang, Jiaqing, Sun, Yihua, Li, Yuan, Cherniack, Andrew D., Campbell, Joshua D., Shi, Leming, and Meyerson, Matthew

Published
2019
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41. MEK1/2 inhibitor withdrawal reverses acquired resistance driven by BRAFV600E amplification whereas KRASG13D amplification promotes EMT-chemoresistance

Author

Sale, Matthew J., Balmanno, Kathryn, Saxena, Jayeta, Ozono, Eiko, Wojdyla, Katarzyna, McIntyre, Rebecca E., Gilley, Rebecca, Woroniuk, Anna, Howarth, Karen D., Hughes, Gareth, Dry, Jonathan R., Arends, Mark J., Caro, Pilar, Oxley, David, Ashton, Susan, Adams, David J., Saez-Rodriguez, Julio, Smith, Paul D., and Cook, Simon J.

Published
2019
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45. The anti-malarial atovaquone increases radiosensitivity by alleviating tumour hypoxia

Author

Thomas M. Ashton, Emmanouil Fokas, Leoni A. Kunz-Schughart, Lisa K. Folkes, Selvakumar Anbalagan, Melanie Huether, Catherine J. Kelly, Giacomo Pirovano, Francesca M. Buffa, Ester M. Hammond, Michael Stratford, Ruth J. Muschel, Geoff S. Higgins, and William Gillies McKenna

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Tumour hypoxia reduces the efficacy of radiotherapy. Starting from a drug screen, here the authors demonstrate that the anti-malarial, atovaquone, reduces the oxygen consumption rate of cancer cells by inhibition of mitochondrial complex III and sensitises to radiotherapy by reducing tumour hypoxia.

Published
2016
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47. Author Correction: Long-term carbon sink in Borneo’s forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edge effects

Author

Lan Qie, Simon L. Lewis, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Georgia C. Pickavance, Terry Sunderland, Peter Ashton, Wannes Hubau, Kamariah Abu Salim, Shin-Ichiro Aiba, Lindsay F. Banin, Nicholas Berry, Francis Q. Brearley, David F. R. P. Burslem, Martin Dančák, Stuart J. Davies, Gabriella Fredriksson, Keith C. Hamer, Radim Hédl, Lip Khoon Kho, Kanehiro Kitayama, Haruni Krisnawati, Stanislav Lhota, Yadvinder Malhi, Colin Maycock, Faizah Metali, Edi Mirmanto, Laszlo Nagy, Reuben Nilus, Robert Ong, Colin A. Pendry, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Richard B. Primack, Ervan Rutishauser, Ismayadi Samsoedin, Bernaulus Saragih, Plinio Sist, J. W. Ferry Slik, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri, Martin Svátek, Sylvester Tan, Aiyen Tjoa, Mark van Nieuwstadt, Ronald R. E. Vernimmen, Ishak Yassir, Petra Susan Kidd, Muhammad Fitriadi, Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris, Rafizah Mat Serudin, Layla Syaznie Abdullah Lim, Muhammad Shahruney Saparudin, and Oliver L. Phillips

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read “Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha−1 year−1 (95% CI 0.14–0.72, mean period 1988–2010) above-ground live biomass”, rather than the correct “Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha−1 year−1 (95% CI 0.14–0.72, mean period 1988–2010) in above-ground live biomass carbon”. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Published
2018
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48. Plasma p-tau212 antemortem diagnostic performance and prediction of autopsy verification of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology

Author

Przemysław R. Kac, Fernando González-Ortiz, Andreja Emeršič, Maciej Dulewicz, Srinivas Koutarapu, Michael Turton, Yang An, Denis Smirnov, Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik, Vijay R. Varma, Nicholas J. Ashton, Laia Montoliu-Gaya, Elena Camporesi, Izabela Winkel, Bogusław Paradowski, Abhay Moghekar, Juan C. Troncoso, Tammaryn Lashley, Gunnar Brinkmalm, Susan M. Resnick, Barbara Mroczko, Hlin Kvartsberg, Milica Gregorič Kramberger, Jörg Hanrieder, Saša Čučnik, Peter Harrison, Henrik Zetterberg, Piotr Lewczuk, Madhav Thambisetty, Uroš Rot, Douglas Galasko, Kaj Blennow, and Thomas K. Karikari

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Blood phosphorylated tau (p-tau) biomarkers, including p-tau217, show high associations with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathologic change and clinical stage. Certain plasma p-tau217 assays recognize tau forms phosphorylated additionally at threonine-212, but the contribution of p-tau212 alone to AD is unknown. We developed a blood-based immunoassay that is specific to p-tau212 without cross-reactivity to p-tau217. Here, we examined the diagnostic utility of plasma p-tau212. In five cohorts (n = 388 participants), plasma p-tau212 showed high performances for AD diagnosis and for the detection of both amyloid and tau pathology, including at autopsy as well as in memory clinic populations. The diagnostic accuracy and fold changes of plasma p-tau212 were similar to those for p-tau217 but higher than p-tau181 and p-tau231. Immunofluorescent staining of brain tissue slices showed prominent p-tau212 reactivity in neurofibrillary tangles that co-localized with p-tau217 and p-tau202/205. These findings support plasma p-tau212 as a peripherally accessible biomarker of AD pathophysiology.

Published
2024
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49. A blood-based biomarker workflow for optimal tau-PET referral in memory clinic settings

Author

Wagner S. Brum, Nicholas C. Cullen, Joseph Therriault, Shorena Janelidze, Nesrine Rahmouni, Jenna Stevenson, Stijn Servaes, Andrea L. Benedet, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Erik Stomrud, Sebastian Palmqvist, Henrik Zetterberg, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Nicholas J. Ashton, Kaj Blennow, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Pedro Rosa-Neto, and Oskar Hansson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Blood-based biomarkers for screening may guide tau positrion emissition tomography (PET) scan referrals to optimize prognostic evaluation in Alzheimer’s disease. Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, pTau181, pTau217, pTau231, NfL, and GFAP were measured along with tau-PET in memory clinic patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment or dementia, in the Swedish BioFINDER-2 study (n = 548) and in the TRIAD study (n = 179). For each plasma biomarker, cutoffs were determined for 90%, 95%, or 97.5% sensitivity to detect tau-PET-positivity. We calculated the percentage of patients below the cutoffs (who would not undergo tau-PET; “saved scans”) and the tau-PET-positivity rate among participants above the cutoffs (who would undergo tau-PET; “positive predictive value”). Generally, plasma pTau217 performed best. At the 95% sensitivity cutoff in both cohorts, pTau217 resulted in avoiding nearly half tau-PET scans, with a tau-PET-positivity rate among those who would be referred for a scan around 70%. And although tau-PET was strongly associated with subsequent cognitive decline, in BioFINDER-2 it predicted cognitive decline only among individuals above the referral cutoff on plasma pTau217, supporting that this workflow could reduce prognostically uninformative tau-PET scans. In conclusion, plasma pTau217 may guide selection of patients for tau-PET, when accurate prognostic information is of clinical value.

Published
2024
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50. Utilizing river and wastewater as a SARS-CoV-2 surveillance tool in settings with limited formal sewage systems

Author

Kayla G. Barnes, Joshua I. Levy, Jillian Gauld, Jonathan Rigby, Oscar Kanjerwa, Christopher B. Uzzell, Chisomo Chilupsya, Catherine Anscombe, Christopher Tomkins-Tinch, Omar Mbeti, Edward Cairns, Herbert Thole, Shannon McSweeney, Marah G. Chibwana, Philip M. Ashton, Khuzwayo C. Jere, John Scott Meschke, Peter Diggle, Jennifer Cornick, Benjamin Chilima, Kondwani Jambo, Kristian G. Andersen, Gift Kawalazira, Steve Paterson, Tonney S. Nyirenda, and Nicholas Feasey

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted health systems globally and robust surveillance has been critical for pandemic control, however not all countries can currently sustain community pathogen surveillance programs. Wastewater surveillance has proven valuable in high-income settings, but less is known about the utility of water surveillance of pathogens in low-income countries. Here we show how wastewater surveillance of SAR-CoV-2 can be used to identify temporal changes and help determine circulating variants quickly. In Malawi, a country with limited community-based COVID-19 testing capacity, we explore the utility of rivers and wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. From May 2020–May 2022, we collect water from up to 112 river or defunct wastewater treatment plant sites, detecting SARS-CoV-2 in 8.3% of samples. Peak SARS-CoV-2 detection in water samples predate peaks in clinical cases. Sequencing of water samples identified the Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants, with Delta and Omicron detected well in advance of detection in patients. Our work highlights how wastewater can be used to detect emerging waves, identify variants of concern, and provide an early warning system in settings with no formal sewage systems.

Published
2023
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