1,007 results on '"Martin, M."'
Search Results
2. Integrated frequency-modulated optical parametric oscillator
- Author
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Stokowski, Hubert S., primary, Dean, Devin J., additional, Hwang, Alexander Y., additional, Park, Taewon, additional, Celik, Oguz Tolga, additional, McKenna, Timothy P., additional, Jankowski, Marc, additional, Langrock, Carsten, additional, Ansari, Vahid, additional, Fejer, Martin M., additional, and Safavi-Naeini, Amir H., additional
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The sex-specific factor SOA controls dosage compensation in Anopheles mosquitos
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Kalita, Agata Izabela, primary, Marois, Eric, additional, Kozielska, Magdalena, additional, Weissing, Franz J., additional, Jaouen, Etienne, additional, Möckel, Martin M., additional, Rühle, Frank, additional, Butter, Falk, additional, Basilicata, M. Felicia, additional, and Keller Valsecchi, Claudia Isabelle, additional
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
4. Arthropod decline in grasslands and forests is associated with landscape-level drivers
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Seibold, Sebastian, Gossner, Martin M., Simons, Nadja K., Blüthgen, Nico, Müller, Jörg, Ambarli, Didem, and Ammer, Christian
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Forests and forestry -- Environmental aspects ,Arthropoda -- Forecasts and trends -- Distribution -- Environmental aspects ,Grasslands -- Environmental aspects ,Landscape -- Environmental aspects ,Market trend/market analysis ,Company distribution practices ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Recent reports of local extinctions of arthropod species.sup.1, and of massive declines in arthropod biomass.sup.2, point to land-use intensification as a major driver of decreasing biodiversity. However, to our knowledge, there are no multisite time series of arthropod occurrences across gradients of land-use intensity with which to confirm causal relationships. Moreover, it remains unclear which land-use types and arthropod groups are affected, and whether the observed declines in biomass and diversity are linked to one another. Here we analyse data from more than 1 million individual arthropods (about 2,700 species), from standardized inventories taken between 2008 and 2017 at 150 grassland and 140 forest sites in 3 regions of Germany. Overall gamma diversity in grasslands and forests decreased over time, indicating loss of species across sites and regions. In annually sampled grasslands, biomass, abundance and number of species declined by 67%, 78% and 34%, respectively. The decline was consistent across trophic levels and mainly affected rare species; its magnitude was independent of local land-use intensity. However, sites embedded in landscapes with a higher cover of agricultural land showed a stronger temporal decline. In 30 forest sites with annual inventories, biomass and species number--but not abundance--decreased by 41% and 36%, respectively. This was supported by analyses of all forest sites sampled in three-year intervals. The decline affected rare and abundant species, and trends differed across trophic levels. Our results show that there are widespread declines in arthropod biomass, abundance and the number of species across trophic levels. Arthropod declines in forests demonstrate that loss is not restricted to open habitats. Our results suggest that major drivers of arthropod decline act at larger spatial scales, and are (at least for grasslands) associated with agriculture at the landscape level. This implies that policies need to address the landscape scale to mitigate the negative effects of land-use practices. Analyses of a dataset of arthropod biomass, abundance and diversity in grassland and forest habitats in Germany for the period 2008-2017 reveal that drivers of arthropod declines act at the landscape level., Author(s): Sebastian Seibold [sup.1] [sup.2] , Martin M. Gossner [sup.3] , Nadja K. Simons [sup.1] [sup.4] , Nico Blüthgen [sup.4] , Jörg Müller [sup.2] [sup.5] , Didem Ambarli [sup.1] [sup.6] [...]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Deep physical neural networks trained with backpropagation
- Author
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Logan G. Wright, Tatsuhiro Onodera, Martin M. Stein, Tianyu Wang, Darren T. Schachter, Zoey Hu, and Peter L. McMahon
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Multidisciplinary ,Nonlinear optics ,Computational science ,Article - Abstract
Deep-learning models have become pervasive tools in science and engineering. However, their energy requirements now increasingly limit their scalability1. Deep-learning accelerators2–9 aim to perform deep learning energy-efficiently, usually targeting the inference phase and often by exploiting physical substrates beyond conventional electronics. Approaches so far10–22 have been unable to apply the backpropagation algorithm to train unconventional novel hardware in situ. The advantages of backpropagation have made it the de facto training method for large-scale neural networks, so this deficiency constitutes a major impediment. Here we introduce a hybrid in situ–in silico algorithm, called physics-aware training, that applies backpropagation to train controllable physical systems. Just as deep learning realizes computations with deep neural networks made from layers of mathematical functions, our approach allows us to train deep physical neural networks made from layers of controllable physical systems, even when the physical layers lack any mathematical isomorphism to conventional artificial neural network layers. To demonstrate the universality of our approach, we train diverse physical neural networks based on optics, mechanics and electronics to experimentally perform audio and image classification tasks. Physics-aware training combines the scalability of backpropagation with the automatic mitigation of imperfections and noise achievable with in situ algorithms. Physical neural networks have the potential to perform machine learning faster and more energy-efficiently than conventional electronic processors and, more broadly, can endow physical systems with automatically designed physical functionalities, for example, for robotics23–26, materials27–29 and smart sensors30–32., A hybrid algorithm that applies backpropagation is used to train layers of controllable physical systems to carry out calculations like deep neural networks, but accounting for real-world noise and imperfections.
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- 2022
6. SARS-CoV-2 evolution during treatment of chronic infection
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Kemp, S. A., Collier, D. A., Datir, R. P., Ferreira, I. A. T. M., Gayed, S., Jahun, A., Hosmillo, M., Rees-Spear, C., Mlcochova, P., Lumb, I. U., Roberts, D. J., Chandra, A., Temperton, N., Baker, S., Dougan, G., Hess, C., Kingston, N., Lehner, P. J., Lyons, P. A., Matheson, N. J., Owehand, W. H., Saunders, C., Summers, C., Thaventhiran, J. E. D., Toshner, M., Weekes, M. P., Bucke, A., Calder, J., Canna, L., Domingo, J., Elmer, A., Fuller, S., Harris, J., Hewitt, S., Kennet, J., Jose, S., Kourampa, J., Meadows, A., O'Brien, C., Price, J., Publico, C., Rastall, R., Ribeiro, C., Rowlands, J., Ruffolo, V., Tordesillas, H., Bullman, B., Dunmore, B. J., Fawke, S., Graf, S., Hodgson, J., Huang, C., Hunter, K., Jones, E., Legchenko, E., Matara, C., Martin, J., Mescia, F., O'Donnell, C., Pointon, L., Pond, N., Shih, J., Sutcliffe, R., Tilly, T., Treacy, C., Tong, Z., Wood, J., Wylot, M., Bergamaschi, L., Betancourt, A., Bower, G., Cossetti, C., De Sa, A., Epping, M., Gleadall, N., Grenfell, R., Hinch, A., Huhn, O., Jackson, S., Jarvis, I., Lewis, D., Marsden, J., Nice, F., Okecha, G., Omarjee, O., Perera, M., Richoz, N., Romashova, V., Yarkoni, N. S., Sharma, R., Stefanucci, L., Stephens, J., Strezlecki, M., Turner, L., De Bie, E. M. D. D., Bunclark, K., Josipovic, M., Mackay, M., Rossi, S., Selvan, M., Spencer, S., Yong, C., Ansaripour, A., Michael, A., Mwaura, L., Patterson, C., Polwarth, G., Polgarova, P., di Stefano, G., Fahey, C., Michel, R., Bong, S. -H., Coudert, J. D., Holmes, E., Allison, J., Butcher, H., Caputo, D., Clapham-Riley, D., Dewhurst, E., Furlong, A., Graves, B., Gray, J., Ivers, T., Kasanicki, M., Le Gresley, E., Linger, R., Meloy, S., Muldoon, F., Ovington, N., Papadia, S., Phelan, I., Stark, H., Stirrups, K. E., Townsend, P., Walker, N., Webster, J., Robson, S. C., Loman, N. J., Connor, T. R., Golubchik, T., Martinez Nunez, R. T., Ludden, C., Corden, S., Johnston, I., Bonsall, D., Smith, C. P., Awan, A. R., Bucca, G., Estee Torok, M., Saeed, K., Prieto, J. A., Jackson, D. K., Hamilton, W. L., Snell, L. B., Moore, C., Harrison, E. M., Goncalves, S., Fairley, D. J., Loose, M. W., Watkins, J., Livett, R., Moses, S., Amato, R., Nicholls, S., Bull, M., Smith, D. L., Barrett, J., Aanensen, D. M., Curran, M. D., Parmar, S., Aggarwal, D., Shepherd, J. G., Parker, M. D., Glaysher, S., Bashton, M., Underwood, A. P., Pacchiarini, N., Loveson, K. F., Carabelli, A. M., Templeton, K. E., Langford, C. F., Sillitoe, J., de Silva, T. I., Wang, D., Kwiatkowski, D., Rambaut, A., O'Grady, J., Cottrell, S., Holden, M. T. G., Thomson, E. C., Osman, H., Andersson, M., Chauhan, A. J., Hassan-Ibrahim, M. O., Lawniczak, M., Alderton, A., Chand, M., Constantinidou, C., Unnikrishnan, M., Darby, A. C., Hiscox, J. A., Paterson, S., Martincorena, I., Robertson, D. L., Volz, E. M., Page, A. J., Pybus, O. G., Bassett, A. R., Ariani, C. V., Spencer Chapman, M. H., K. K., Li, Shah, R. N., Jesudason, N. G., Taha, Y., Mchugh, M. P., Dewar, R., Jahun, A. S., Mcmurray, C., Pandey, S., Mckenna, J. P., Nelson, A., Young, G. R., Mccann, C. M., Elliott, S., Lowe, H., Temperton, B., Roy, S., Price, A., Rey, S., Wyles, M., Rooke, S., Shaaban, S., de Cesare, M., Letchford, L., Silveira, S., Pelosi, E., Wilson-Davies, E., O'Toole, A., Hesketh, A. R., Stark, R., du Plessis, L., Ruis, C., Adams, H., Bourgeois, Y., Michell, S. L., Gramatopoulos, D., Edgeworth, J., Breuer, J., Todd, J. A., Fraser, C., Buck, D., John, M., Kay, G. L., Palmer, S., Peacock, S. J., Heyburn, D., Weldon, D., Robinson, E., Mcnally, A., Muir, P., Vipond, I. B., Boyes, J., Sivaprakasam, V., Salluja, T., Dervisevic, S., Meader, E. J., Park, N. R., Oliver, K., Jeffries, A. R., Ott, S., da Silva Filipe, A., Simpson, D. A., Williams, C., Masoli, J. A. H., Knight, B. A., Jones, C. R., Koshy, C., Ash, A., Casey, A., Bosworth, A., Ratcliffe, L., Xu-McCrae, L., Pymont, H. M., Hutchings, S., Berry, L., Jones, K., Halstead, F., Davis, T., Holmes, C., Iturriza-Gomara, M., Lucaci, A. O., Randell, P. A., Cox, A., Madona, P., Harris, K. A., Brown, J. R., Mahungu, T. W., Irish-Tavares, D., Haque, T., Hart, J., Witele, E., Fenton, M. L., Liggett, S., Graham, C., Swindells, E., Collins, J., Eltringham, G., Campbell, S., Mcclure, P. C., Clark, G., Sloan, T. J., Jones, C., Lynch, J., Warne, B., Leonard, S., Durham, J., Williams, T., Haldenby, S. T., Storey, N., Alikhan, N. -F., Holmes, N., Carlile, M., Perry, M., Craine, N., Lyons, R. A., Beckett, A. H., Goudarzi, S., Fearn, C., Cook, K., Dent, H., Paul, H., Davies, R., Blane, B., Girgis, S. T., Beale, M. A., Bellis, K. L., Dorman, M. J., Drury, E., Kane, L., Kay, S., Mcguigan, S., Nelson, R., Prestwood, L., Rajatileka, S., Batra, R., Williams, R. J., Kristiansen, M., Green, A., Justice, A., Mahanama, A. I. K., Samaraweera, B., Hadjirin, N. F., Quick, J., Poplawski, R., Kermack, L. M., Reynolds, N., Hall, G., Chaudhry, Y., Pinckert, M. L., Georgana, I., Moll, R. J., Thornton, A., Myers, R., Stockton, J., Williams, C. A., Yew, W. C., Trotter, A. J., Trebes, A., MacIntyre-Cockett, G., Birchley, A., Adams, A., Plimmer, A., Gatica-Wilcox, B., Mckerr, C., Hilvers, E., Jones, H., Asad, H., Coombes, J., Evans, J. M., Fina, L., Gilbert, L., Graham, L., Cronin, M., Kumziene-Summerhayes, S., Taylor, S., Jones, S., Groves, D. C., Zhang, P., Gallis, M., Louka, S. F., Starinskij, I., Jackson, C., Gourtovaia, M., Tonkin-Hill, G., Lewis, K., Tovar-Corona, J. M., James, K., Baxter, L., Alam, M. T., Orton, R. J., Hughes, J., Vattipally, S., Ragonnet-Cronin, M., Nascimento, F. F., Jorgensen, D., Boyd, O., Geidelberg, L., Zarebski, A. E., Raghwani, J., Kraemer, M. U. G., Southgate, J., Lindsey, B. B., Freeman, T. M., Keatley, J. -P., Singer, J. B., de Oliveira Martins, L., Yeats, C. A., Abudahab, K., Taylor, B. E. W., Menegazzo, M., Danesh, J., Hogsden, W., Eldirdiri, S., Kenyon, A., Mason, J., Robinson, T. I., Holmes, A., Hartley, J. A., Curran, T., Mather, A. E., Shankar, G., Jones, R., Howe, R., Morgan, S., Wastenge, E., Chapman, M. R., Mookerjee, S., Stanley, R., Smith, W., Peto, T., Eyre, D., Crook, D., Vernet, G., Kitchen, C., Gulliver, H., Merrick, I., Guest, M., Munn, R., Bradley, D. T., Wyatt, T., Beaver, C., Foulser, L., Churcher, C. M., Brooks, E., Smith, K. S., Galai, K., Mcmanus, G. M., Bolt, F., Coll, F., Meadows, L., Attwood, S. W., Davies, A., De Lacy, E., Downing, F., Edwards, S., Scarlett, G. P., Jeremiah, S., Smith, N., Leek, D., Sridhar, S., Forrest, S., Cormie, C., Gill, H. K., Dias, J., Higginson, E. E., Maes, M., Young, J., Wantoch, M., Jamrozy, D., Lo, S., Patel, M., Hill, V., Bewshea, C. M., Ellard, S., Auckland, C., Harrison, I., Bishop, C., Chalker, V., Richter, A., Beggs, A., Best, A., Percival, B., Mirza, J., Megram, O., Mayhew, M., Crawford, L., Ashcroft, F., Moles-Garcia, E., Cumley, N., Hopes, R., Asamaphan, P., Niebel, M. O., Gunson, R. N., Bradley, A., Maclean, A., Mollett, G., Blacow, R., Bird, P., Helmer, T., Fallon, K., Tang, J., Hale, A. D., Macfarlane-Smith, L. R., Harper, K. L., Carden, H., Machin, N. W., Jackson, K. A., Ahmad, S. S. Y., George, R. P., Turtle, L., O'Toole, E., Watts, J., Breen, C., Cowell, A., Alcolea-Medina, A., Charalampous, T., Patel, A., Levett, L. J., Heaney, J., Rowan, A., Taylor, G. P., Shah, D., Atkinson, L., Lee, J. C. D., Westhorpe, A. P., Jannoo, R., Lowe, H. L., Karamani, A., Ensell, L., Chatterton, W., Pusok, M., Dadrah, A., Symmonds, A., Sluga, G., Molnar, Z., Baker, P., Bonner, S., Essex, S., Barton, E., Padgett, D., Scott, G., Greenaway, J., Payne, B. A. I., Burton-Fanning, S., Waugh, S., Raviprakash, V., Sheriff, N., Blakey, V., Williams, L. -A., Moore, J., Stonehouse, S., Smith, L., Davidson, R. K., Bedford, L., Coupland, L., Wright, V., Chappell, J. G., Tsoleridis, T., Ball, J., Khakh, M., Fleming, V. M., Lister, M. M., Howson-Wells, H. C., Boswell, T., Joseph, A., Willingham, I., Duckworth, N., Walsh, S., Wise, E., Moore, N., Mori, M., Cortes, N., Kidd, S., Williams, R., Gifford, L., Bicknell, K., Wyllie, S., Lloyd, A., Impey, R., Malone, C. S., Cogger, B. J., Levene, N., Monaghan, L., Keeley, A. J., Partridge, D. G., Raza, M., Evans, C., Johnson, K., Abnizova, I., Aigrain, L., Ali, M., Allen, L., Anderson, R., Ariani, C., Austin-Guest, S., Bala, S., Bassett, A., Battleday, K., Beal, J., Beale, M., Bellany, S., Bellerby, T., Bellis, K., Berger, D., Berriman, M., Betteridge, E., Bevan, P., Binley, S., Bishop, J., Blackburn, K., Bonfield, J., Boughton, N., Bowker, S., Brendler-Spaeth, T., Bronner, I., Brooklyn, T., Buddenborg, S. K., Bush, R., Caetano, C., Cagan, A., Carter, N., Cartwright, J., Monteiro, T. C., Chapman, L., Chillingworth, T. -J., Clapham, P., Clark, R., Clarke, A., Clarke, C., Cole, D., Cook, E., Coppola, M., Cornell, L., Cornwell, C., Corton, C., Crackett, A., Cranage, A., Craven, H., Craw, S., Crawford, M., Cutts, T., Dabrowska, M., Davies, M., Dawson, J., Day, C., Densem, A., Dibling, T., Dockree, C., Dodd, D., Dogga, S., Dougherty, M., Dove, A., Drummond, L., Dudek, M., Durrant, L., Easthope, E., Eckert, S., Ellis, P., Farr, B., Fenton, M., Ferrero, M., Flack, N., Fordham, H., Forsythe, G., Francis, M., Fraser, A., Freeman, A., Galvin, A., Garcia-Casado, M., Gedny, A., Girgis, S., Glover, J., Goodwin, S., Gould, O., Gray, A., Gray, E., Griffiths, C., Gu, Y., Guerin, F., Hamilton, W., Hanks, H., Harrison, E., Harrott, A., Harry, E., Harvison, J., Heath, P., Hernandez-Koutoucheva, A., Hobbs, R., Holland, D., Holmes, S., Hornett, G., Hough, N., Huckle, L., Hughes-Hallet, L., Hunter, A., Inglis, S., Iqbal, S., Jackson, A., Jackson, D., Verdejo, C. J., Jones, M., Kallepally, K., Kay, K., Keatley, J., Keith, A., King, A., Kitchin, L., Kleanthous, M., Klimekova, M., Korlevic, P., Krasheninnkova, K., Lane, G., Langford, C., Laverack, A., Law, K., Lensing, S., Lewis-Wade, A., Liddle, J., Lin, Q., Lindsay, S., Linsdell, S., Long, R., Lovell, J., Mack, J., Maddison, M., Makunin, A., Mamun, I., Mansfield, J., Marriott, N., Martin, M., Mayho, M., Mccarthy, S., Mcclintock, J., Mchugh, S., Mcminn, L., Meadows, C., Mobley, E., Moll, R., Morra, M., Morrow, L., Murie, K., Nash, S., Nathwani, C., Naydenova, P., Neaverson, A., Nerou, E., Nicholson, J., Nimz, T., Noell, G. G., O'Meara, S., Ohan, V., Olney, C., Ormond, D., Oszlanczi, A., Pang, Y. F., Pardubska, B., Park, N., Parmar, A., Patel, G., Payne, M., Peacock, S., Petersen, A., Plowman, D., Preston, T., Puethe, C., Quail, M., Rajan, D., Rance, R., Rawlings, S., Redshaw, N., Reynolds, J., Reynolds, M., Rice, S., Richardson, M., Roberts, C., Robinson, K., Robinson, M., Robinson, D., Rogers, H., Rojo, E. M., Roopra, D., Rose, M., Rudd, L., Sadri, R., Salmon, N., Saul, D., Schwach, F., Scott, C., Seekings, P., Shirley, L., Simms, A., Sinnott, M., Sivadasan, S., Siwek, B., Sizer, D., Skeldon, K., Skelton, J., Slater-Tunstill, J., Sloper, L., Smerdon, N., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smith, K., Smith, M., Smith, S., Smith, T., Sneade, L., Soria, C. D., Sousa, C., Souster, E., Sparkes, A., Spencer-Chapman, M., Squares, J., Steed, C., Stickland, T., Still, I., Stratton, M., Strickland, M., Swann, A., Swiatkowska, A., Sycamore, N., Swift, E., Symons, E., Szluha, S., Taluy, E., Tao, N., Taylor, K., Thompson, S., Thompson, M., Thomson, M., Thomson, N., Thurston, S., Toombs, D., Topping, B., Tovar-Corona, J., Ungureanu, D., Uphill, J., Urbanova, J., Jansen Van, P., Vancollie, V., Voak, P., Walker, D., Walker, M., Waller, M., Ward, G., Weatherhogg, C., Webb, N., Wells, A., Wells, E., Westwood, L., Whipp, T., Whiteley, T., Whitton, G., Whitwham, A., Widaa, S., Williams, M., Wilson, M., Wright, S., Farr, B. W., Quail, M. A., Thurston, S. A. J., Bronner, I. F., Redshaw, N. M., Lensing, S. V., Balcazar, C. E., Gallagher, M. D., Williamson, K. A., Stanton, T. D., Michelsen, M. L., Warwick-Dugdale, J., Manley, R., Farbos, A., Harrison, J. W., Sambles, C. M., Studholme, D. J., Lackenby, A., Mbisa, T., Platt, S., Miah, S., Bibby, D., Manso, C., Hubb, J., Dabrera, G., Ramsay, M., Bradshaw, D., Schaefer, U., Groves, N., Gallagher, E., Lee, D., Williams, D., Ellaby, N., Hartman, H., Manesis, N., Patel, V., Ledesma, J., Twohig, K. A., Allara, E., Pearson, C., Cheng, J. K. J., Bridgewater, H. E., Frost, L. R., Taylor-Joyce, G., Brown, P. E., Tong, L., Broos, A., Mair, D., Nichols, J., Carmichael, S. N., Smollett, K. L., Nomikou, K., Aranday-Cortes, E., Johnson, N., Nickbakhsh, S., Vamos, E. E., Hughes, M., Rainbow, L., Eccles, R., Nelson, C., Whitehead, M., Gregory, R., Gemmell, M., Wierzbicki, C., Webster, H. J., Fisher, C. L., Signell, A. W., Betancor, G., Wilson, H. D., Nebbia, G., Flaviani, F., Cerda, A. C., Merrill, T. V., Wilson, R. E., Cotic, M., Bayzid, N., Thompson, T., Acheson, E., Rushton, S., O'Brien, S., Baker, D. J., Rudder, S., Aydin, A., Sang, F., Debebe, J., Francois, S., Vasylyeva, T. I., Zamudio, M. E., Gutierrez, B., Marchbank, A., Maksimovic, J., Spellman, K., Mccluggage, K., Morgan, M., Beer, R., Afifi, S., Workman, T., Fuller, W., Bresner, C., Angyal, A., Green, L. R., Parsons, P. J., Tucker, R. M., Brown, R., Whiteley, M., Rowe, W., Siveroni, I., Le-Viet, T., Gaskin, A., Johnson, R., Sharrocks, K., Blane, E., Modis, Y., Leigh, K. E., Briggs, J. A. G., van Gils, M. J., Smith, K. G. C., Bradley, J. R., Doffinger, R., Ceron-Gutierrez, L., Barcenas-Morales, G., Pollock, D. D., Goldstein, R. A., Smielewska, A., Skittrall, J. P., Gouliouris, T., Goodfellow, I. G., Gkrania-Klotsas, E., Illingworth, C. J. R., Mccoy, L. E., Gupta, R. K., Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, AII - Infectious diseases, Collier, Dami A [0000-0001-5446-4423], Jahun, Aminu [0000-0002-4585-1701], Temperton, Nigel [0000-0002-7978-3815], Modis, Yorgo [0000-0002-6084-0429], Briggs, John AG [0000-0003-3990-6910], Goldstein, Richard A [0000-0001-5148-4672], Skittrall, Jordan P [0000-0002-8228-3758], Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni [0000-0002-0930-8330], McCoy, Laura E [0000-0001-9503-7946], Gupta, Ravindra K [0000-0001-9751-1808], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Time Factors ,viruses ,Passive ,Antibodies, Viral ,CITIID-NIHR BioResource COVID-19 Collaboration ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Viral ,Aetiology ,Neutralizing ,Lung ,Phylogeny ,neutralising antibodies ,Infectivity ,education.field_of_study ,Genome ,Multidisciplinary ,Alanine ,biology ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Viral Load ,Spike Glycoprotein ,Virus Shedding ,Adenosine Monophosphate ,Aged ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,COVID-19 ,Chronic Disease ,Genome, Viral ,Humans ,Immune Evasion ,Immune Tolerance ,Immunization, Passive ,Immunosuppression Therapy ,Mutagenesis ,Mutant Proteins ,Mutation ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Evolution, Molecular ,Infectious Diseases ,Pneumonia & Influenza ,Antibody ,Infection ,Viral load ,Biotechnology ,Evolution ,General Science & Technology ,antibody escape, Convalescent plasma ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,evasion ,Antibodies ,Virus ,Article ,Vaccine Related ,resistance ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium ,Biodefense ,Genetics ,Viral shedding ,education ,COVID-19 Serotherapy ,QR355 ,Prevention ,Wild type ,Molecular ,Pneumonia ,Virology ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Coronavirus ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,030104 developmental biology ,biology.protein ,Immunization ,immune suppression ,mutation - Abstract
The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for virus infection through the engagement of the human ACE2 protein1 and is a major antibody target. Here we show that chronic infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to viral evolution and reduced sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies in an immunosuppressed individual treated with convalescent plasma, by generating whole-genome ultra-deep sequences for 23 time points that span 101 days and using in vitro techniques to characterize the mutations revealed by sequencing. There was little change in the overall structure of the viral population after two courses of remdesivir during the first 57 days. However, after convalescent plasma therapy, we observed large, dynamic shifts in the viral population, with the emergence of a dominant viral strain that contained a substitution (D796H) in the S2 subunit and a deletion (ΔH69/ΔV70) in the S1 N-terminal domain of the spike protein. As passively transferred serum antibodies diminished, viruses with the escape genotype were reduced in frequency, before returning during a final, unsuccessful course of convalescent plasma treatment. In vitro, the spike double mutant bearing both ΔH69/ΔV70 and D796H conferred modestly decreased sensitivity to convalescent plasma, while maintaining infectivity levels that were similar to the wild-type virus.The spike substitution mutant D796H appeared to be the main contributor to the decreased susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies, but this mutation resulted in an infectivity defect. The spike deletion mutant ΔH69/ΔV70 had a twofold higher level of infectivity than wild-type SARS-CoV-2, possibly compensating for the reduced infectivity of the D796H mutation. These data reveal strong selection on SARS-CoV-2 during convalescent plasma therapy, which is associated with the emergence of viral variants that show evidence of reduced susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies in immunosuppressed individuals.
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- 2021
7. Deep physical neural networks trained with backpropagation
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Wright, Logan G., primary, Onodera, Tatsuhiro, additional, Stein, Martin M., additional, Wang, Tianyu, additional, Schachter, Darren T., additional, Hu, Zoey, additional, and McMahon, Peter L., additional
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- 2022
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8. Tracking excited-state charge and spin dynamics in iron coordination complexes
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Zhang, Wenkai, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Bergmann, Uwe, Bressler, Christian, Chollet, Matthieu, Galler, Andreas, Gawelda, Wojciech, Hadt, Ryan G., Hartsock, Robert W., Kroll, Thomas, Kjasr, Kasper S., Kubicek, Katharina, Lemke, Henrik T., Liang, Huiyang W., Meyer, Drew A., Nielsen, Martin M., Purser, Carola, Robinson, Joseph S., Solomon, Edward I., Sun, Zheng, Sokaras, Dimosthenis, van Driel, Tim B., Vanko, Gyorgy, Weng, Tsu-Chien, Zhu, Diling, and Gaffney, Kelly J.
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Electron spin -- Measurement ,Coordination compounds -- Atomic properties ,Excited state chemistry -- Research ,Chemical research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Crucial to many light-driven processes in transition metal complexes is the absorption and dissipation of energy by 3d electrons (1-4). But a detailed understanding of such non-equilibrium excited-state dynamics and [...]
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- 2014
9. The contribution of insects to global forest deadwood decomposition
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Seibold, Sebastian, primary, Rammer, Werner, additional, Hothorn, Torsten, additional, Seidl, Rupert, additional, Ulyshen, Michael D., additional, Lorz, Janina, additional, Cadotte, Marc W., additional, Lindenmayer, David B., additional, Adhikari, Yagya P., additional, Aragón, Roxana, additional, Bae, Soyeon, additional, Baldrian, Petr, additional, Barimani Varandi, Hassan, additional, Barlow, Jos, additional, Bässler, Claus, additional, Beauchêne, Jacques, additional, Berenguer, Erika, additional, Bergamin, Rodrigo S., additional, Birkemoe, Tone, additional, Boros, Gergely, additional, Brandl, Roland, additional, Brustel, Hervé, additional, Burton, Philip J., additional, Cakpo-Tossou, Yvonne T., additional, Castro, Jorge, additional, Cateau, Eugénie, additional, Cobb, Tyler P., additional, Farwig, Nina, additional, Fernández, Romina D., additional, Firn, Jennifer, additional, Gan, Kee Seng, additional, González, Grizelle, additional, Gossner, Martin M., additional, Habel, Jan C., additional, Hébert, Christian, additional, Heibl, Christoph, additional, Heikkala, Osmo, additional, Hemp, Andreas, additional, Hemp, Claudia, additional, Hjältén, Joakim, additional, Hotes, Stefan, additional, Kouki, Jari, additional, Lachat, Thibault, additional, Liu, Jie, additional, Liu, Yu, additional, Luo, Ya-Huang, additional, Macandog, Damasa M., additional, Martina, Pablo E., additional, Mukul, Sharif A., additional, Nachin, Baatarbileg, additional, Nisbet, Kurtis, additional, O’Halloran, John, additional, Oxbrough, Anne, additional, Pandey, Jeev Nath, additional, Pavlíček, Tomáš, additional, Pawson, Stephen M., additional, Rakotondranary, Jacques S., additional, Ramanamanjato, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Rossi, Liana, additional, Schmidl, Jürgen, additional, Schulze, Mark, additional, Seaton, Stephen, additional, Stone, Marisa J., additional, Stork, Nigel E., additional, Suran, Byambagerel, additional, Sverdrup-Thygeson, Anne, additional, Thorn, Simon, additional, Thyagarajan, Ganesh, additional, Wardlaw, Timothy J., additional, Weisser, Wolfgang W., additional, Yoon, Sungsoo, additional, Zhang, Naili, additional, and Müller, Jörg, additional
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- 2021
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10. Arthropod decline in grasslands and forests is associated with landscape-level drivers
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Christian Ammer, Nico Blüthgen, Daniel Prati, Nadja K. Simons, Jürgen Bauhus, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Stephan Wöllauer, Martin M. Gossner, Sebastian Seibold, Ernst Detlef Schulze, Caterina Penone, Karl Eduard Linsenmair, Markus Fischer, Jan Christian Habel, Thomas Nauss, Didem Ambarlı, Peter Schall, Jörg Müller, and Juliane Vogt
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0303 health sciences ,Biomass (ecology) ,geography ,Multidisciplinary ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Gamma diversity ,Ecology ,Rare species ,Biodiversity ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Grassland ,03 medical and health sciences ,Abundance (ecology) ,030304 developmental biology ,Trophic level ,Global biodiversity - Abstract
Weisser, Wolfgang W/0000-0002-2757-8959; Penone, Caterina/0000-0002-8170-6659; Schall, Peter/0000-0003-4808-818X; Bauhus, Jurgen/0000-0002-9673-4986 WOS: 000493807800042 PubMed: 31666721 Recent reports of local extinctions of arthropod species(1), and of massive declines in arthropod biomass(2), point to land-use intensification as a major driver of decreasing biodiversity. However, to our knowledge, there are no multisite time series of arthropod occurrences across gradients of land-use intensity with which to confirm causal relationships. Moreover, it remains unclear which land-use types and arthropod groups are affected, and whether the observed declines in biomass and diversity are linked to one another. Here we analyse data from more than 1 million individual arthropods (about 2,700 species), from standardized inventories taken between 2008 and 2017 at 150 grassland and 140 forest sites in 3 regions of Germany. Overall gamma diversity in grasslands and forests decreased over time, indicating loss of species across sites and regions. In annually sampled grasslands, biomass, abundance and number of species declined by 67%, 78% and 34%, respectively. The decline was consistent across trophic levels and mainly affected rare species; its magnitude was independent of local land-use intensity. However, sites embedded in landscapes with a higher cover of agricultural land showed a stronger temporal decline. In 30 forest sites with annual inventories, biomass and species number-but not abundance-decreased by 41% and 36%, respectively. This was supported by analyses of all forest sites sampled in three-year intervals. The decline affected rare and abundant species, and trends differed across trophic levels. Our results show that there are widespread declines in arthropod biomass, abundance and the number of species across trophic levels. Arthropod declines in forests demonstrate that loss is not restricted to open habitats. Our results suggest that major drivers of arthropod decline act at larger spatial scales, and are (at least for grasslands) associated with agriculture at the landscape level. This implies that policies need to address the landscape scale to mitigate the negative effects of land-use practices. DFGGerman Research Foundation (DFG) We thank T. Lewinsohn, S. Meyer and V. Wolters for their comments and suggestions for the analyses; M. Lutz, J. Bartezko, P. Freynhagen, I. Gallenberger, M. Turke, M. Lange, T. Kahl, E. Pasalic, E. Sperr, K. Kremer and all student helpers for conducting arthropod sampling in the field and laboratory; R. Achtziger, E. Anton, T. Blick, B. Buche, M.-A. Fritze, R. Heckmann, A. Kastner, F. Kohler, G. Kohler, T. Kolkebeck, C. Morkel, F. Schmolke, T. Wagner and O. Wiche for arthropod species identification; C. Seilwinder and R. Honecker for GIS work; the managers of the three Exploratories (K. Wells, S. Renner, K. Reichel-Jung, S. Gockel, K. Wiesner, K. Lorenzen, A. Hemp and M. Gorke) for their work in maintaining the site and project infrastructure; C. Fischer and S. Pfeiffer for giving support through the central office; A, Ostrowski, M. Owonibi and J. Nieschulze for managing the central database; and D. Hessenmoller, I. Schoning, F. Buscot and the late E. Kalko for their role in setting up the Biodiversity Exploratories project. The work has been funded by the DFG Priority Program 1374 'Infrastructure-Biodiversity-Exploratories'. Field work permits were issued by the responsible state environmental offices of Baden-Wurttemberg, Thuringen and Brandenburg.
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- 2019
11. Observation of the rare B0s→μ+μ− decay from the combined analysis of CMS and LHCb data
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Khachatryan, V., Sirunyan, A. M., Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Bergauer, T., Dragicevic, M., Erö, J., Friedl, M., Frühwirth, R., Ghete, V. M., Hartl, C., Hörmann, N., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, M., Kiesenhofer, W., Knünz, V., Krammer, M., Krätschmer, I., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Rabady, D., Rahbaran, B., Rohringer, H., Schöfbeck, R., Strauss, J., Treberer-Treberspurg, W., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C.-E., Mossolov, V., Shumeiko, N., Suarez Gonzalez, J., Alderweireldt, S., Bansal, S., Cornelis, T., De Wolf, E. A., Janssen, X., Knutsson, A., Lauwers, J., Luyckx, S., Ochesanu, S., Rougny, R., Van De Klundert, M., Van Haevermaet, H., Van Mechelen, P., Van Remortel, N., Van Spilbeeck, A., Blekman, F., Blyweert, S., DʼHondt, J., Daci, N., Heracleous, N., Keaveney, J., Lowette, S., Maes, M., Olbrechts, A., Python, Q., Strom, D., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Van Mulders, P., Van Onsem, G. P., Villella, I., Caillol, C., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Dobur, D., Favart, L., Gay, A. P.R., Grebenyuk, A., Léonard, A., Mohammadi, A., Perniè, L., Randle-conde, A., Reis, T., Seva, T., Thomas, L., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Wang, J., Zenoni, F., Adler, V., Beernaert, K., Benucci, L., Cimmino, A., Costantini, S., Crucy, S., Dildick, S., Fagot, A., Garcia, G., Mccartin, J., Ocampo Rios, A. A., Ryckbosch, D., Salva Diblen, S., Sigamani, M., Strobbe, N., Thyssen, F., Tytgat, M., Yazgan, E., Zaganidis, N., Basegmez, S., Beluffi, C., Bruno, G., Castello, R., Caudron, A., Ceard, L., Da Silveira, G. G., Delaere, C., du Pree, T., Favart, D., Forthomme, L., Giammanco, A., Hollar, J., Jafari, A., Jez, P., Komm, M., Lemaitre, V., Nuttens, C., Pagano, D., Perrini, L., Pin, A., Piotrzkowski, K., Popov, A., Quertenmont, L., Selvaggi, M., Vidal Marono, M., Vizan Garcia, J. M., Beliy, N., Caebergs, T., Daubie, E., Hammad, G. H., Aldá Júnior, W. L., Alves, G. A., Brito, L., Correa Martins Junior, M., Dos Reis Martins, T., Mora Herrera, C., Pol, M. E., Rebello Teles, P., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Custódio, A., Da Costa, E. M., De Jesus Damiao, D., De Oliveira Martins, C., Fonseca De Souza, S., Malbouisson, H., Matos Figueiredo, D., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Prado Da Silva, W. L., Santaolalla, J., Santoro, A., Sznajder, A., Tonelli Manganote, E. J., Vilela Pereira, A., Bernardes, C. A., Dogra, S., Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R., Gregores, E. M., Mercadante, P. G., Novaes, S. F., Padula, Sandra S., Aleksandrov, A., Genchev, V., Hadjiiska, R., Iaydjiev, P., Marinov, A., Piperov, S., Rodozov, M., Sultanov, G., Vutova, M., Dimitrov, A., Glushkov, I., Litov, L., Pavlov, B., Petkov, P., Bian, J. G., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Cheng, T., Du, R., Jiang, C. H., Plestina, R., Romeo, F., Tao, J., Wang, Z., Asawatangtrakuldee, C., Ban, Y., Li, Q., Liu, S., Mao, Y., Qian, S. J., Wang, D., Xu, Z., Zou, W., Avila, C., Cabrera, A., Chaparro Sierra, L. F., Florez, C., Gomez, J. P., Gomez Moreno, B., Sanabria, J. C., Godinovic, N., Lelas, D., Polic, D., Puljak, I., Antunovic, Z., Kovac, M., Brigljevic, V., Kadija, K., Luetic, J., Mekterovic, D., Sudic, L., Attikis, A., Mavromanolakis, G., Mousa, J., Nicolaou, C., Ptochos, F., Razis, P. A., Bodlak, M., Finger, M., Finger, M., Jr., Assran, Y., Ellithi Kamel, A., Mahmoud, M. A., Radi, A., Kadastik, M., Murumaa, M., Raidal, M., Tiko, A., Eerola, P., Fedi, G., Voutilainen, M., Härkönen, J., Karimäki, V., Kinnunen, R., Kortelainen, M. J., Lampén, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lehti, S., Lindén, T., Luukka, P., Mäenpää, T., Peltola, T., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Tuovinen, E., Wendland, L., Talvitie, J., Tuuva, T., Besancon, M., Couderc, F., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., Fabbro, B., Faure, J. L., Favaro, C., Ferri, F., Ganjour, S., Givernaud, A., Gras, P., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Jarry, P., Locci, E., Malcles, J., Rander, J., Rosowsky, A., Titov, M., Baffioni, S., Beaudette, F., Busson, P., Charlot, C., Dahms, T., Dalchenko, M., Dobrzynski, L., Filipovic, N., Florent, A., Granier de Cassagnac, R., Mastrolorenzo, L., Miné, P., Mironov, C., Naranjo, I. N., Nguyen, M., Ochando, C., Ortona, G., Paganini, P., Regnard, S., Salerno, R., Sauvan, J. B., Sirois, Y., Veelken, C., Yilmaz, Y., Zabi, A., Agram, J.-L., Andrea, J., Aubin, A., Bloch, D., Brom, J.-M., Chabert, E. C., Collard, C., Conte, E., Fontaine, J.-C., Gelé, D., Goerlach, U., Goetzmann, C., Le Bihan, A.-C., Skovpen, K., Van Hove, P., Gadrat, S., Beauceron, S., Beaupere, N., Boudoul, G., Bouvier, E., Brochet, S., Carrillo Montoya, C. A., Chasserat, J., Chierici, R., Contardo, D., Depasse, P., El Mamouni, H., Fan, J., Fay, J., Gascon, S., Gouzevitch, M., Ille, B., Kurca, T., Lethuillier, M., Mirabito, L., Perries, S., Ruiz Alvarez, J. D., Sabes, D., Sgandurra, L., Sordini, V., Vander Donckt, M., Verdier, P., Viret, S., Xiao, H., Tsamalaidze, Z., Autermann, C., Beranek, S., Bontenackels, M., Edelhoff, M., Feld, L., Heister, A., Hindrichs, O., Klein, K., Ostapchuk, A., Raupach, F., Sammet, J., Schael, S., Schulte, J. F., Weber, H., Wittmer, B., Zhukov, V., Ata, M., Brodski, M., Dietz-Laursonn, E., Duchardt, D., Erdmann, M., Fischer, R., Güth, A., Hebbeker, T., Heidemann, C., Hoepfner, K., Klingebiel, D., Knutzen, S., Kreuzer, P., Merschmeyer, M., Meyer, A., Millet, P., Olschewski, M., Padeken, K., Papacz, P., Reithler, H., Schmitz, S. A., Sonnenschein, L., Teyssier, D., Thüer, S., Weber, M., Cherepanov, V., Erdogan, Y., Flügge, G., Geenen, H., Geisler, M., Haj Ahmad, W., Hoehle, F., Kargoll, B., Kress, T., Kuessel, Y., Künsken, A., Lingemann, J., Nowack, A., Nugent, I. M., Pooth, O., Stahl, A., Aldaya Martin, M., Asin, I., Bartosik, N., Behr, J., Behrens, U., Bell, A. J., Bethani, A., Borras, K., Burgmeier, A., Cakir, A., Calligaris, L., Campbell, A., Choudhury, S., Costanza, F., Diez Pardos, C., Dolinska, G., Dooling, S., Dorland, T., Eckerlin, G., Eckstein, D., Eichhorn, T., Flucke, G., Garay Garcia, J., Geiser, A., Gunnellini, P., Hauk, J., Hempel, M., Jung, H., Kalogeropoulos, A., Kasemann, M., Katsas, P., Kieseler, J., Kleinwort, C., Korol, I., Krücker, D., Lange, W., Leonard, J., Lipka, K., Lobanov, A., Lohmann, W., Lutz, B., Mankel, R., Marfin, I., Melzer-Pellmann, I.-A., Meyer, A. B., Mittag, G., Mnich, J., Mussgiller, A., Naumann-Emme, S., Nayak, A., Ntomari, E., Perrey, H., Pitzl, D., Placakyte, R., Raspereza, A., Ribeiro Cipriano, P. M., Roland, B., Ron, E., Sahin, M. Ö., Salfeld-Nebgen, J., Saxena, P., Schoerner-Sadenius, T., Schröder, M., Seitz, C., Spannagel, S., Vargas Trevino, A. D.R., Walsh, R., Wissing, C., Blobel, V., Centis Vignali, M., Draeger, A. R., Erfle, J., Garutti, E., Goebel, K., Görner, M., Haller, J., Hoffmann, M., Höing, R. S., Junkes, A., Kirschenmann, H., Klanner, R., Kogler, R., Lange, J., Lapsien, T., Lenz, T., Marchesini, I., Ott, J., Peiffer, T., Perieanu, A., Pietsch, N., Poehlsen, J., Poehlsen, T., Rathjens, D., Sander, C., Schettler, H., Schleper, P., Schlieckau, E., Schmidt, A., Seidel, M., Sola, V., Stadie, H., Steinbrück, G., Troendle, D., Usai, E., Vanelderen, L., Vanhoefer, A., Barth, C., Baus, C., Berger, J., Böser, C., Butz, E., Chwalek, T., De Boer, W., Descroix, A., Dierlamm, A., Feindt, M., Frensch, F., Giffels, M., Gilbert, A., Hartmann, F., Hauth, T., Husemann, U., Katkov, I., Kornmayer, A., Kuznetsova, E., Lobelle Pardo, P., Mozer, M. U., Müller, T., Müller, Th., Nürnberg, A., Quast, G., Rabbertz, K., Röcker, S., Simonis, H. J., Stober, F. M., Ulrich, R., Wagner-Kuhr, J., Wayand, S., Weiler, T., Wolf, R., Anagnostou, G., Daskalakis, G., Geralis, T., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Kyriakis, A., Loukas, D., Markou, A., Markou, C., Psallidas, A., Topsis-Giotis, I., Agapitos, A., Kesisoglou, S., Panagiotou, A., Saoulidou, N., Stiliaris, E., Aslanoglou, X., Evangelou, I., Flouris, G., Foudas, C., Kokkas, P., Manthos, N., Papadopoulos, I., Paradas, E., Strologas, J., Bencze, G., Hajdu, C., Hidas, P., Horvath, D., Sikler, F., Veszpremi, V., Vesztergombi, G., Zsigmond, A. J., Beni, N., Czellar, S., Karancsi, J., Molnar, J., Palinkas, J., Szillasi, Z., Makovec, A., Raics, P., Trocsanyi, Z. L., Ujvari, B., Sahoo, N., Swain, S. K., Beri, S. B., Bhatnagar, V., Gupta, R., Bhawandeep, U., Kalsi, A. K., Kaur, M., Kumar, R., Mittal, M., Nishu, N., Singh, J. B., Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Arun, Ahuja, S., Bhardwaj, A., Choudhary, B. C., Kumar, A., Malhotra, S., Naimuddin, M., Ranjan, K., Sharma, V., Banerjee, S., Bhattacharya, S., Chatterjee, K., Dutta, S., Gomber, B., Jain, Sa., Jain, Sh., Khurana, R., Modak, A., Mukherjee, S., Roy, D., Sarkar, S., Sharan, M., Abdulsalam, A., Dutta, D., Kailas, S., Kumar, V., Mohanty, A. K., Pant, L. M., Shukla, P., Topkar, A., Aziz, T., Bhowmik, S., Chatterjee, R. M., Dewanjee, R. K., Dugad, S., Ganguly, S., Ghosh, S., Guchait, M., Gurtu, A., Kole, G., Kumar, S., Maity, M., Majumder, G., Mazumdar, K., Mohanty, G. B., Parida, B., Sudhakar, K., Wickramage, N., Bakhshiansohi, H., Behnamian, H., Etesami, S. M., Fahim, A., Goldouzian, R., Khakzad, M., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Naseri, M., Paktinat Mehdiabadi, S., Rezaei Hosseinabadi, F., Safarzadeh, B., Zeinali, M., Felcini, M., Grunewald, M., Abbrescia, M., Calabria, C., Chhibra, S. S., Colaleo, A., Creanza, D., De Filippis, N., De Palma, M., Fiore, L., Iaselli, G., Maggi, G., Maggi, M., My, S., Nuzzo, S., Pompili, A., Pugliese, G., Radogna, R., Selvaggi, G., Sharma, A., Silvestris, L., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Abbiendi, G., Benvenuti, A. C., Bonacorsi, D., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Brigliadori, L., Campanini, R., Capiluppi, P., Castro, A., Cavallo, F. R., Codispoti, G., Cuffiani, M., Dallavalle, G. M., Fabbri, F., Fanfani, A., Fasanella, D., Giacomelli, P., Grandi, C., Guiducci, L., Marcellini, S., Masetti, G., Montanari, A., Navarria, F. L., Perrotta, A., Primavera, F., Rossi, A. M., Rovelli, T., Siroli, G. P., Tosi, N., Travaglini, R., Albergo, S., Cappello, G., Chiorboli, M., Costa, S., Giordano, F., Potenza, R., Tricomi, A., Tuve, C., Barbagli, G., Ciulli, V., Civinini, C., DʼAlessandro, R., Focardi, E., Gallo, E., Gonzi, S., Gori, V., Lenzi, P., Meschini, M., Paoletti, S., Sguazzoni, G., Tropiano, A., Benussi, L., Bianco, S., Piccolo, D., Ferretti, R., Ferro, F., Lo Vetere, M., Robutti, E., Tosi, S., Dinardo, M. E., Fiorendi, S., Gennai, S., Gerosa, R., Ghezzi, A., Govoni, P., Lucchini, M. T., Malvezzi, S., Manzoni, R. A., Martelli, A., Marzocchi, B., Menasce, D., Moroni, L., Paganoni, M., Pedrini, D., Ragazzi, S., Redaelli, N., Tabarelli de Fatis, T., Buontempo, S., Cavallo, N., Di Guida, S., Fabozzi, F., Iorio, A. O.M., Lista, L., Meola, S., Merola, M., Paolucci, P., Azzi, P., Bacchetta, N., Bisello, D., Branca, A., Carlin, R., Checchia, P., DallʼOsso, M., Dorigo, T., Dosselli, U., Galanti, M., Gasparini, F., Gasparini, U., Giubilato, P., Gozzelino, A., Kanishchev, K., Lacaprara, S., Margoni, M., Meneguzzo, A. T., Pazzini, J., Pozzobon, N., Ronchese, P., Simonetto, F., Torassa, E., Tosi, M., Zotto, P., Zucchetta, A., Zumerle, G., Gabusi, M., Ratti, S. P., Re, V., Riccardi, C., Salvini, P., Vitulo, P., Biasini, M., Bilei, G. M., Ciangottini, D., Fanò, L., Lariccia, P., Mantovani, G., Menichelli, M., Saha, A., Santocchia, A., Spiezia, A., Androsov, K., Azzurri, P., Bagliesi, G., Bernardini, J., Boccali, T., Broccolo, G., Castaldi, R., Ciocci, M. A., DellʼOrso, R., Donato, S., Fiori, F., Foà, L., Giassi, A., Grippo, M. T., Ligabue, F., Lomtadze, T., Martini, L., Messineo, A., Moon, C. S., Palla, F., Rizzi, A., Savoy-Navarro, A., Serban, A. T., Spagnolo, P., Squillacioti, P., Tenchini, R., Tonelli, G., Venturi, A., Verdini, P. G., Vernieri, C., Barone, L., Cavallari, F., Dʼimperio, G., Del Re, D., Diemoz, M., Jorda, C., Longo, E., Margaroli, F., Meridiani, P., Micheli, F., Nourbakhsh, S., Organtini, G., Paramatti, R., Rahatlou, S., Rovelli, C., Santanastasio, F., Soffi, L., Traczyk, P., Amapane, N., Arcidiacono, R., Argiro, S., Arneodo, M., Bellan, R., Biino, C., Cartiglia, N., Casasso, S., Costa, M., Degano, A., Demaria, N., Finco, L., Mariotti, C., Maselli, S., Migliore, E., Monaco, V., Musich, M., Obertino, M. M., Pacher, L., Pastrone, N., Pelliccioni, M., Pinna Angioni, G. L., Potenza, A., Romero, A., Ruspa, M., Sacchi, R., Solano, A., Staiano, A., Tamponi, U., Belforte, S., Candelise, V., Casarsa, M., Cossutti, F., Della Ricca, G., Gobbo, B., La Licata, C., Marone, M., Schizzi, A., Umer, T., Zanetti, A., Chang, S., Kropivnitskaya, A., Nam, S. K., Kim, D. H., Kim, G. N., Kim, M. S., Kong, D. J., Lee, S., Oh, Y. D., Park, H., Sakharov, A., Son, D. C., Kim, T. J., Kim, J. Y., Song, S., Choi, S., Gyun, D., Hong, B., Jo, M., Kim, H., Kim, Y., Lee, B., Lee, K. S., Park, S. K., Roh, Y., Yoo, H. D., Choi, M., Kim, J. H., Park, I. C., Ryu, G., Ryu, M. S., Choi, Y., Choi, Y. K., Goh, J., Kim, D., Kwon, E., Lee, J., Yu, I., Juodagalvis, A., Komaragiri, J. R., Md Ali, M. A.B., Casimiro Linares, E., Castilla-Valdez, H., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., Heredia-de La Cruz, I., Hernandez-Almada, A., Lopez-Fernandez, R., Sanchez-Hernandez, A., Carrillo Moreno, S., Vazquez Valencia, F., Pedraza, I., Salazar Ibarguen, H. A., Morelos Pineda, A., Krofcheck, D., Butler, P. H., Reucroft, S., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, M., Hassan, Q., Hoorani, H. R., Khan, W. 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- 2015
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12. Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 to mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies
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Collier, D. A., De Marco, A., Ferreira, I. A. T. M., Meng, B., Datir, R. P., Walls, A. C., Kemp, S. A., Bassi, J., Pinto, D., Silacci-Fregni, C., Bianchi, S., Tortorici, M. A., Bowen, J., Culap, K., Jaconi, S., Cameroni, E., Snell, G., Pizzuto, M. S., Pellanda, A. F., Garzoni, C., Riva, A., Baker, S., Dougan, G., Hess, C., Kingston, N., Lehner, P. J., Lyons, P. A., Matheson, N. J., Owehand, W. H., Saunders, C., Summers, C., Thaventhiran, J. E. D., Toshner, M., Weekes, M. P., Bucke, A., Calder, J., Canna, L., Domingo, J., Elmer, A., Fuller, S., Harris, J., Hewitt, S., Kennet, J., Jose, S., Kourampa, J., Meadows, A., O'Brien, C., Price, J., Publico, C., Rastall, R., Ribeiro, C., Rowlands, J., Ruffolo, V., Tordesillas, H., Bullman, B., Dunmore, B. J., Fawke, S., Graf, S., Hodgson, J., Huang, C., Hunter, K., Jones, E., Legchenko, E., Matara, C., Martin, J., Mescia, F., O'Donnell, C., Pointon, L., Pond, N., Shih, J., Sutcliffe, R., Tilly, T., Treacy, C., Tong, Z., Wood, J., Wylot, M., Bergamaschi, L., Betancourt, A., Bower, G., Cossetti, C., De Sa, A., Epping, M., Grenfell, R., Hinch, A., Huhn, O., Jackson, S., Jarvis, I., Lewis, D., Marsden, J., Nice, F., Okecha, G., Omarjee, O., Perera, M., Richoz, N., Romashova, V., Yarkoni, N. S., Sharma, R., Stefanucci, L., Stephens, J., Strezlecki, M., Turner, L., De Bie, E. M. D. D., Bunclark, K., Josipovic, M., Mackay, M., Rossi, S., Selvan, M., Spencer, S., Yong, C., Ansaripour, A., Michael, A., Mwaura, L., Patterson, C., Polwarth, G., Polgarova, P., di Stefano, G., Fahey, C., Michel, R., Bong, S. -H., Coudert, J. 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T., Wyatt, T., Beaver, C., Foulser, L., Churcher, C. M., Brooks, E., Smith, K. S., Galai, K., Mcmanus, G. M., Bolt, F., Coll, F., Meadows, L., Attwood, S. W., Davies, A., De Lacy, E., Downing, F., Edwards, S., Scarlett, G. P., Jeremiah, S., Smith, N., Leek, D., Sridhar, S., Forrest, S., Cormie, C., Gill, H. K., Dias, J., Higginson, E. E., Maes, M., Young, J., Wantoch, M., Jamrozy, D., Lo, S., Patel, M., Hill, V., Bewshea, C. M., Ellard, S., Auckland, C., Harrison, I., Bishop, C., Chalker, V., Richter, A., Beggs, A., Best, A., Percival, B., Mirza, J., Megram, O., Mayhew, M., Crawford, L., Ashcroft, F., Moles-Garcia, E., Cumley, N., Hopes, R., Asamaphan, P., Niebel, M. O., Gunson, R. N., Bradley, A., Maclean, A., Mollett, G., Blacow, R., Bird, P., Helmer, T., Fallon, K., Tang, J., Hale, A. D., Macfarlane-Smith, L. R., Harper, K. L., Carden, H., Machin, N. W., Jackson, K. A., Ahmad, S. S. Y., George, R. P., Turtle, L., O'Toole, E., Watts, J., Breen, C., Cowell, A., Alcolea-Medina, A., Charalampous, T., Patel, A., Levett, L. J., Heaney, J., Rowan, A., Taylor, G. P., Shah, D., Atkinson, L., Lee, J. C. D., Westhorpe, A. P., Jannoo, R., Lowe, H. L., Karamani, A., Ensell, L., Chatterton, W., Pusok, M., Dadrah, A., Symmonds, A., Sluga, G., Molnar, Z., Baker, P., Bonner, S., Essex, S., Barton, E., Padgett, D., Scott, G., Greenaway, J., Payne, B. A. I., Burton-Fanning, S., Waugh, S., Raviprakash, V., Sheriff, N., Blakey, V., Williams, L. -A., Moore, J., Stonehouse, S., Smith, L., Davidson, R. K., Bedford, L., Coupland, L., Wright, V., Chappell, J. G., Tsoleridis, T., Ball, J., Khakh, M., Fleming, V. M., Lister, M. M., Howson-Wells, H. C., Boswell, T., Joseph, A., Willingham, I., Duckworth, N., Walsh, S., Wise, E., Moore, N., Mori, M., Cortes, N., Kidd, S., Williams, R., Gifford, L., Bicknell, K., Wyllie, S., Lloyd, A., Impey, R., Malone, C. S., Cogger, B. J., Levene, N., Monaghan, L., Keeley, A. J., Partridge, D. G., Raza, M., Evans, C., Johnson, K., Betteridge, E., Farr, B. W., Goodwin, S., Quail, M. A., Scott, C., Shirley, L., Thurston, S. A. J., Rajan, D., Bronner, I. F., Aigrain, L., Redshaw, N. M., Lensing, S. V., Mccarthy, S., Makunin, A., Balcazar, C. E., Gallagher, M. D., Williamson, K. A., Stanton, T. D., Michelsen, M. L., Warwick-Dugdale, J., Manley, R., Farbos, A., Harrison, J. W., Sambles, C. M., Studholme, D. J., Lackenby, A., Mbisa, T., Platt, S., Miah, S., Bibby, D., Manso, C., Hubb, J., Dabrera, G., Ramsay, M., Bradshaw, D., Schaefer, U., Groves, N., Gallagher, E., Lee, D., Williams, D., Ellaby, N., Hartman, H., Manesis, N., Patel, V., Ledesma, J., Twohig, K. A., Allara, E., Pearson, C., Cheng, J. K. J., Bridgewater, H. E., Frost, L. R., Taylor-Joyce, G., Brown, P. E., Tong, L., Broos, A., Mair, D., Nichols, J., Carmichael, S. N., Smollett, K. L., Nomikou, K., Aranday-Cortes, E., Johnson, N., Nickbakhsh, S., Vamos, E. E., Hughes, M., Rainbow, L., Eccles, R., Nelson, C., Whitehead, M., Gregory, R., Gemmell, M., Wierzbicki, C., Webster, H. J., Fisher, C. L., Signell, A. W., Betancor, G., Wilson, H. D., Nebbia, G., Flaviani, F., Cerda, A. C., Merrill, T. V., Wilson, R. E., Cotic, M., Bayzid, N., Thompson, T., Acheson, E., Rushton, S., O'Brien, S., Baker, D. J., Rudder, S., Aydin, A., Sang, F., Debebe, J., Francois, S., Vasylyeva, T. I., Zamudio, M. E., Gutierrez, B., Marchbank, A., Maksimovic, J., Spellman, K., Mccluggage, K., Morgan, M., Beer, R., Afifi, S., Workman, T., Fuller, W., Bresner, C., Angyal, A., Green, L. R., Parsons, P. J., Tucker, R. M., Brown, R., Whiteley, M., Bonfield, J., Puethe, C., Whitwham, A., Liddle, J., Rowe, W., Siveroni, I., Le-Viet, T., Gaskin, A., Johnson, R., Abnizova, I., Ali, M., Allen, L., Anderson, R., Ariani, C., Austin-Guest, S., Bala, S., Bassett, A., Battleday, K., Beal, J., Beale, M., Bellany, S., Bellerby, T., Bellis, K., Berger, D., Berriman, M., Bevan, P., Binley, S., Bishop, J., Blackburn, K., Boughton, N., Bowker, S., Brendler-Spaeth, T., Bronner, I., Brooklyn, T., Buddenborg, S. K., Bush, R., Caetano, C., Cagan, A., Carter, N., Cartwright, J., Monteiro, T. C., Chapman, L., Chillingworth, T. -J., Clapham, P., Clark, R., Clarke, A., Clarke, C., Cole, D., Cook, E., Coppola, M., Cornell, L., Cornwell, C., Corton, C., Crackett, A., Cranage, A., Craven, H., Craw, S., Crawford, M., Cutts, T., Dabrowska, M., Davies, M., Dawson, J., Day, C., Densem, A., Dibling, T., Dockree, C., Dodd, D., Dogga, S., Dougherty, M., Dove, A., Drummond, L., Dudek, M., Durrant, L., Easthope, E., Eckert, S., Ellis, P., Farr, B., Fenton, M., Ferrero, M., Flack, N., Fordham, H., Forsythe, G., Francis, M., Fraser, A., Freeman, A., Galvin, A., Garcia-Casado, M., Gedny, A., Girgis, S., Glover, J., Gould, O., Gray, A., Gray, E., Griffiths, C., Gu, Y., Guerin, F., Hamilton, W., Hanks, H., Harrison, E., Harrott, A., Harry, E., Harvison, J., Heath, P., Hernandez-Koutoucheva, A., Hobbs, R., Holland, D., Holmes, S., Hornett, G., Hough, N., Huckle, L., Hughes-Hallet, L., Hunter, A., Inglis, S., Iqbal, S., Jackson, A., Jackson, D., Verdejo, C. J., Jones, M., Kallepally, K., Kay, K., Keatley, J., Keith, A., King, A., Kitchin, L., Kleanthous, M., Klimekova, M., Korlevic, P., Krasheninnkova, K., Lane, G., Langford, C., Laverack, A., Law, K., Lensing, S., Lewis-Wade, A., Lin, Q., Lindsay, S., Linsdell, S., Long, R., Lovell, J., Mack, J., Maddison, M., Mamun, I., Mansfield, J., Marriott, N., Martin, M., Mayho, M., Mcclintock, J., Mchugh, S., Mcminn, L., Meadows, C., Mobley, E., Moll, R., Morra, M., Morrow, L., Murie, K., Nash, S., Nathwani, C., Naydenova, P., Neaverson, A., Nerou, E., Nicholson, J., Nimz, T., Noell, G. G., O'Meara, S., Ohan, V., Olney, C., Ormond, D., Oszlanczi, A., Pang, Y. F., Pardubska, B., Park, N., Parmar, A., Patel, G., Payne, M., Peacock, S., Petersen, A., Plowman, D., Preston, T., Quail, M., Rance, R., Rawlings, S., Redshaw, N., Reynolds, J., Reynolds, M., Rice, S., Richardson, M., Roberts, C., Robinson, K., Robinson, M., Robinson, D., Rogers, H., Rojo, E. M., Roopra, D., Rose, M., Rudd, L., Sadri, R., Salmon, N., Saul, D., Schwach, F., Seekings, P., Simms, A., Sinnott, M., Sivadasan, S., Siwek, B., Sizer, D., Skeldon, K., Skelton, J., Slater-Tunstill, J., Sloper, L., Smerdon, N., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smith, K., Smith, M., Smith, S., Smith, T., Sneade, L., Soria, C. D., Sousa, C., Souster, E., Sparkes, A., Spencer-Chapman, M., Squares, J., Steed, C., Stickland, T., Still, I., Stratton, M., Strickland, M., Swann, A., Swiatkowska, A., Sycamore, N., Swift, E., Symons, E., Szluha, S., Taluy, E., Tao, N., Taylor, K., Thompson, S., Thompson, M., Thomson, M., Thomson, N., Thurston, S., Toombs, D., Topping, B., Tovar-Corona, J., Ungureanu, D., Uphill, J., Urbanova, J., Van, P. J., Vancollie, V., Voak, P., Walker, D., Walker, M., Waller, M., Ward, G., Weatherhogg, C., Webb, N., Wells, A., Wells, E., Westwood, L., Whipp, T., Whiteley, T., Whitton, G., Widaa, S., Williams, M., Wilson, M., Wright, S., Harvey, W., Virgin, H. W., Lanzavecchia, A., Piccoli, L., Doffinger, R., Wills, M., Veesler, D., Corti, D., and Gupta, R. K.
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Models, Molecular ,Passive ,Antibodies, Viral ,Neutralization ,0302 clinical medicine ,Models ,Monoclonal ,80 and over ,Viral ,Neutralizing antibody ,Neutralizing ,Aged, 80 and over ,Vaccines ,Vaccines, Synthetic ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,C500 ,Middle Aged ,C700 ,Spike Glycoprotein ,Vaccination ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,Female ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,Antibody ,Aged ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,COVID-19 ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,HEK293 Cells ,Humans ,Immune Evasion ,Immunization, Passive ,Mutation ,Neutralization Tests ,SARS-CoV-2 ,medicine.drug_class ,B100 ,Monoclonal antibody ,Antibodies ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,medicine ,COVID-19 Serotherapy ,QR355 ,Synthetic ,Molecular ,Virology ,Coronavirus ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunization ,biology.protein ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is uncontrolled in many parts of the world; control is compounded in some areas by the higher transmission potential of the B.1.1.7 variant1, which has now been reported in 94 countries. It is unclear whether the response of the virus to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 on the basis of the prototypic strain will be affected by the mutations found in B.1.1.7. Here we assess the immune responses of individuals after vaccination with the mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b22. We measured neutralizing antibody responses after the first and second immunizations using pseudoviruses that expressed the wild-type spike protein or a mutated spike protein that contained the eight amino acid changes found in the B.1.1.7 variant. The sera from individuals who received the vaccine exhibited a broad range of neutralizing titres against the wild-type pseudoviruses that were modestly reduced against the B.1.1.7 variant. This reduction was also evident in sera from some patients who had recovered from COVID-19. Decreased neutralization of the B.1.1.7 variant was also observed for monoclonal antibodies that target the N-terminal domain (9 out of 10) and the receptor-binding motif (5 out of 31), but not for monoclonal antibodies that recognize the receptor-binding domain that bind outside the receptor-binding motif. Introduction of the mutation that encodes the E484K substitution in the B.1.1.7 background to reflect a newly emerged variant of concern (VOC 202102/02) led to a more-substantial loss of neutralizing activity by vaccine-elicited antibodies and monoclonal antibodies (19 out of 31) compared with the loss of neutralizing activity conferred by the mutations in B.1.1.7 alone. The emergence of the E484K substitution in a B.1.1.7 background represents a threat to the efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
- Published
- 2021
13. Pre-Columbian mycobacterial genomes reveal seals as a source of New World human tuberculosis
- Author
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Bos, Kirsten I. K., Harkins, Kelly M. K., Herbig, Alexander A, Coscolla, Mireia M, Weber, Nico N, Comas, Iñaki I, Forrest, Stephen A. S., Bryant, Josephine M. J., Harris, Simon R. S., Schuenemann, Verena J. V., Campbell, Tessa J. T., Majander, Kerttu K, Wilbur, Alicia K. A., Guichon, Ricardo A. R., Wolfe Steadman, Dawnie L. D., Cook, Della Collins D., Niemann, Stefan S, Behr, Marcel A. M., Zumarraga, Martin M, Bastida, Ricardo R, Huson, Daniel D, Nieselt, Kay K, Young, Douglas D, Parkhill, Julian J, Buikstra, Jane E. J., Gagneux, Sebastien S, Stone, Anne C. A., and Krause, Johannes J
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Aggregation and vesiculation of membrane proteins by curvature-mediated interactions
- Author
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Reynwar, Benedict J., Illya, Gregoria, Harmandaris, Vagelis A., Muller, Martin M., Kremer, Kurt, and Deserno, Markus
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Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Author(s): Benedict J. Reynwar [1]; Gregoria Illya [1]; Vagelis A. Harmandaris [1]; Martin M. Müller [1]; Kurt Kremer (corresponding author) [1]; Markus Deserno (corresponding author) [1] Membrane remodelling [1, 2, [...]
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- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenization of grassland communities
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Gossner, Martin M., Lewinsohn, Thomas M., Kahl, Tiemo, Grassein, Fabrice, Boch, Steffen, Prati, Daniel, Birkhofer, Klaus, Renner, Swen C., Sikorski, Johannes, Wubet, Tesfaye, Arndt, Hartmut, Baumgartner, Vanessa, Blaser, Stefan, Blthgen, Nico, Brschig, Carmen, Buscot, Francois, Diektter, Tim, Jorge, Leonardo R, Jung, Kirsten, Keyel, Alexander C., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Klemmer, Sandra, Krauss, Jochen, Lange, Markus, Mller, Jrg, Overmann, Jrg, Paali, Esther, Penone, Caterina, Perovi, David J., Purschke, Oliver, Schall, Peter, Socher, Stephanie A., Sonnemann, Ilja, Tschapka, Marco, Tscharntke, Teja, Trke, Manfred, Venter, Paul Christiaan, Weiner, Christiane N., Werner, Michael, Wolters, Volkmar, Wurst, Susanne, Westphal, Catrin, Fischer, Markus, Weisser, Wolfgang W., and Allan, Eric
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Ecological research ,Human-environment interactions -- Research ,Land use -- Environmental aspects ,Grasslands -- Environmental aspects ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Author(s): Martin M. Gossner (corresponding author) [1, 2, 3]; Thomas M. Lewinsohn [1, 4]; Tiemo Kahl [5, 6]; Fabrice Grassein [7]; Steffen Boch [7]; Daniel Prati [6]; Klaus Birkhofer [8, [...]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. SUSTAINABILITY: Choose satellites to monitor deforestation: Illegal logging threatens tropical forests and carbon stocks. Governments must work together to build an early warning system, say Jim Lynch and colleagues.
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Lynch, Jim J, Maslin, Mark M, Balzter, Heiko H, and Sweeting, Martin M
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Increased future ice discharge from Antarctica owing to higher snowfall
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Winkelmann, R., Levermann, A., Martin, M. A., and Frieler, K.
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The evolution of gene expression levels in mammalian organs
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Brawand, David D, Soumillon, Magali M, Necsulea, Anamaria A, Julien, Philippe P, Csárdi, Gábor G, Harrigan, Patrick P, Weier, Manuela M, Liechti, Angélica A, Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer A, Kircher, Martin M, Albert, Frank F W W., Zeller, Ulrich U, Khaitovich, Philipp P, Grützner, Frank F, Bergmann, Sven S, Nielsen, Rasmus R, Pääbo, Svante S, and Kaessmann, Henrik H
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Collective fluid dynamics of a polariton condensate in a semiconductor microcavity
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Amo, A., Sanvitto, D., Laussy, F. P., Ballarini, D., del Valle, E., Martin, M. D., Lemaître, A., Bloch, J., Krizhanovskii, D. N., Skolnick, M. S., Tejedor, C., and Viña, L.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality
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Soliveres, Santiago, van der Plas, Fons, Manning, Peter, Prati, Daniel, Gossner, Martin M., Renner, Swen C., Alt, Fabian, Arndt, Hartmut, Baumgartner, Vanessa, Binkenstein, Julia, Birkhofer, Klaus, Blaser, Stefan, Blthgen, Nico, Boch, Steffen, Bhm, Stefan, Brschig, Carmen, Buscot, Francois, Diektter, Tim, Heinze, Johannes, Hlzel, Norbert, Jung, Kirsten, Klaus, Valentin H., Kleinebecker, Till, Klemmer, Sandra, Krauss, Jochen, Lange, Markus, Morris, E. Kathryn, Mller, Jrg, Oelmann, Yvonne, Overmann, Jrg, Paali, Esther, Rillig, Matthias C., Schaefer, H. Martin, Schloter, Michael, Schmitt, Barbara, Schning, Ingo, Schrumpf, Marion, Sikorski, Johannes, Socher, Stephanie A., Solly, Emily F., Sonnemann, Ilja, Sorkau, Elisabeth, Steckel, Juliane, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Stempfhuber, Barbara, Tschapka, Marco, Trke, Manfred, Venter, Paul C., Weiner, Christiane N., Weisser, Wolfgang W., Werner, Michael, Westphal, Catrin, Wilcke, Wolfgang, Wolters, Volkmar, Wubet, Tesfaye, Wurst, Susanne, Fischer, Markus, and Allan, Eric
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Biodiversity -- Research ,Ecosystem services -- Research ,Ecological research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Author(s): Santiago Soliveres (corresponding author) [1]; Fons van der Plas [1, 2]; Peter Manning [1, 2]; Daniel Prati [1]; Martin M. Gossner [3, 4]; Swen C. Renner [5, 6]; Fabian [...]
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Arthropod decline in grasslands and forests is associated with landscape-level drivers
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Sebastian, Seibold, Martin M, Gossner, Nadja K, Simons, Nico, Blüthgen, Jörg, Müller, Didem, Ambarlı, Christian, Ammer, Jürgen, Bauhus, Markus, Fischer, Jan C, Habel, Karl Eduard, Linsenmair, Thomas, Nauss, Caterina, Penone, Daniel, Prati, Peter, Schall, Ernst-Detlef, Schulze, Juliane, Vogt, Stephan, Wöllauer, and Wolfgang W, Weisser
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Conservation of Natural Resources ,Germany ,Animals ,Biodiversity ,Biomass ,Forests ,Arthropods ,Grassland - Abstract
Recent reports of local extinctions of arthropod species
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- 2019
22. Cardiac defects and altered ryanodine receptor function in mice lacking FKBP12
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Shou, Weinian, Aghdasi, Bahman, Armstrong, Dawna L., Guo, Qiuxia, Bao, Shideng, Charng, Min-Ji, Mathews, Lawrence M., Schneider, Michael D., Hamilton, Susan L., and Matzuk, Martin M.
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Cardiovascular receptors -- Research ,Mice -- Physiological aspects ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Mutant mice deficient in FKBP12, a cis-trans prolyl isomerase that binds the immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin, were generated using embryonic stem cell technology in order to define the functions of FKBP12 in vivo. Lipid bilayer experiments showed that lack of FKBP12 changes the single-channel properties of both cardiac RyR2 and skeletal RyR1. It is not possible for FKBP12.6 to functionally replace FKBP12. These defects could play a role in the cardiac phenotype in FKBP12-deficient mice.
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- 1998
23. Growth differentiation factor-9 is required during early ovarian folliculogenesis
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Dong, Jinwen, Albertini, David F., Nishimori, Katsuhiko, Kumar, T. Rajendra, Lu, Naifang, and Matzuk, Martin M.
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Growth factors -- Research ,Ovaries -- Genetic aspects ,Oocytes -- Research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
An examination of ovaries from growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9)-deficient female mice reveals that primordial and primary one-layer follicles can be formed. However, there is a hindrance in follicular development beyond the primary one-layer follicle stage leading to complete infertility. Oocyte growth and zona pellucida formation occur normally, but not some aspects of oocyte differentiation. Results suggest that GDF-9 is needed in sustaining the growth and differentiation status of the follicle after the primary one-layer follicle stage.
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- 1996
24. Different phenotypes for mice deficient in either activins or activin receptor type II
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Matzuk, Martin M., Kumar T. Rajendra, and Bradley, Allan
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Mutation (Biology) -- Research ,Mammals -- Reproduction ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
A null mutation in the Act RcII gene in mice is generated utilizing embryonic stem cell technology to study the function of the ActRcII in mammalian reproduction and development. The mice with ActRcII deficiency exhibited facial and skeletal abnormalities identical to the Pierre-Robin syndrome in humans. But the abnormalities did not affect the growth and development of these mice. This indicates that during ActRcII absence other hormones control the growth and development.
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- 1995
25. Multiple defects and perinatal death in mice deficient in follistatin
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Matzuk, Martin M., Lu, Naifang, Vogel, Hannes, Sellheyer, Klaus, Roop, Dennis R., and Bradley, Allan
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Mammals -- Growth ,Genetically modified mice -- Research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
The function of follistatin in mammals is investigated by using the loss-of-function mutant mice. The absence of follistatin in mice reveals a retardation in growth and a reduction in the diaphragm and intercostal muscle mass. The shiny taut skin, skeletal defects in the ribs and abnormal tooth development are other observed features. These indicate that follistatin has more influence on the growth and regulation of a mammal than activin.
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- 1995
26. Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality
- Author
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Emily F. Solly, Michael Werner, Stefan Böhm, Martin M. Gossner, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Nico Blüthgen, Klaus Birkhofer, Sandra Klemmer, Barbara Schmitt, Tesfaye Wubet, Fons van der Plas, H. Martin Schaefer, Markus Fischer, Vanessa Baumgartner, Steffen Boch, E. Kathryn Morris, Carmen Börschig, Daniel Prati, Valentin H. Klaus, Markus Lange, Ilja Sonnemann, Yvonne Oelmann, Esther Pašalić, François Buscot, Marco Tschapka, Peter Manning, Jörg Overmann, Michael Schloter, Johannes Heinze, Johannes Sikorski, Catrin Westphal, Barbara Stempfhuber, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Jochen Krauss, Till Kleinebecker, Marion Schrumpf, Wolfgang Wilcke, Tim Diekötter, Christiane N. Weiner, Matthias C. Rillig, Swen C. Renner, Norbert Hölzel, Fabian Alt, Susanne Wurst, Juliane Steckel, Jörg Müller, Hartmut Arndt, Julia Binkenstein, Volkmar Wolters, Stefan Blaser, Stephanie A. Socher, Paul Christiaan Venter, Kirsten Jung, Eric Allan, Elisabeth Sorkau, Santiago Soliveres, Ingo Schöning, and Manfred Türke
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Food Chain ,Insecta ,Biodiversity ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Models, Biological ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Ecosystem engineer ,Ecosystem services ,03 medical and health sciences ,Abundance (ecology) ,Germany ,Animals ,Ecosystem ,Biomass ,Herbivory ,Institut für Biochemie und Biologie ,Trophic level ,2. Zero hunger ,Biomass (ecology) ,Multidisciplinary ,Ecology ,Plants ,15. Life on land ,Grassland ,030104 developmental biology ,13. Climate action ,Species richness - Abstract
Many experiments have shown that loss of biodiversity reduces the capacity of ecosystems to provide the multiple services on which humans depend. However, experiments necessarily simplify the complexity of natural ecosystems and will normally control for other important drivers of ecosystem functioning, such as the environment or land use. In addition, existing studies typically focus on the diversity of single trophic groups, neglecting the fact that biodiversity loss occurs across many taxa and that the functional effects of any trophic group may depend on the abundance and diversity of others. Here we report analysis of the relationships between the species richness and abundance of nine trophic groups, including 4,600 above- and below-ground taxa, and 14 ecosystem services and functions and with their simultaneous provision (or multifunctionality) in 150 grasslands. We show that high species richness in multiple trophic groups (multitrophic richness) had stronger positive effects on ecosystem services than richness in any individual trophic group; this includes plant species richness, the most widely used measure of biodiversity. On average, three trophic groups influenced each ecosystem service, with each trophic group influencing at least one service. Multitrophic richness was particularly beneficial for 'regulating' and 'cultural' services, and for multifunctionality, whereas a change in the total abundance of species or biomass in multiple trophic groups (the multitrophic abundance) positively affected supporting services. Multitrophic richness and abundance drove ecosystem functioning as strongly as abiotic conditions and land-use intensity, extending previous experimental results to real-world ecosystems. Primary producers, herbivorous insects and microbial decomposers seem to be particularly important drivers of ecosystem functioning, as shown by the strong and frequent positive associations of their richness or abundance with multiple ecosystem services. Our results show that multitrophic richness and abundance support ecosystem functioning, and demonstrate that a focus on single groups has led to researchers to greatly underestimate the functional importance of biodiversity.
- Published
- 2016
27. Alpha-inhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice
- Author
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Matzuk, Martin M., Finegold, Milton J., Su, Jyan-Gwo J., Hsueh, Aaron J.W., and Bradley, Allan
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Inhibin -- Genetic aspects ,Tumor suppressor genes -- Identification and classification ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Alpha-inhibin, the gene for one of a group of dimeric growth factors, has been identified as a tumor-suppressor gene. The development of gonadal tumors in mice that were bred to lack the alpha-inhibin gene confirmed the gene's role in preventing the uncontrolled growth of cells during the embryonic phase. The alpha-inhibin-deficient mice were produced using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells.
- Published
- 1992
28. Math1 is essential for genesis of cerebellar granule neurons
- Author
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Ben-Arie, Nissim, Bellen, Hugo J., Armstrong, Dawna L., McCall, Alanna E., Gordadze, Polina R., Guo, Qiuxia, Matzuk, Martin M., and Zoghbi, Huda Y.
- Published
- 1997
29. Functional analysis of activins during mammalian development
- Author
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Matzuk, Martin M., Kumar, Rajendra T., Vassalli, Anne, Bickenbach, Jackie R., Roop, Dennis R., Jaenisch, Rudolf, and Bradley, Allan
- Published
- 1995
30. Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenization of grassland communities
- Author
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Tim Diekötter, Tesfaye Wubet, Daniel Prati, Teja Tscharntke, Hartmut Arndt, Steffen Boch, Jochen Krauss, Caterina Penone, David J. Perović, Carmen Börschig, Thomas M. Lewinsohn, Christiane N. Weiner, Oliver Purschke, Jörg Overmann, Esther Pašalić, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Catrin Westphal, Markus Lange, Fabrice Grassein, Susanne Wurst, Johannes Sikorski, Leonardo Ré Jorge, Ilja Sonnemann, Peter Schall, Jörg Müller, Stefan Blaser, Volkmar Wolters, Paul Christiaan Venter, Marco Tschapka, Manfred Türke, Nico Blüthgen, Michael Werner, Alexandra-Maria Klein, Martin M. Gossner, Vanessa Baumgartner, Klaus Birkhofer, Alexander C. Keyel, Sandra Klemmer, Stephanie A. Socher, Kirsten Jung, Eric Allan, Swen C. Renner, Markus Fischer, François Buscot, and Tiemo Kahl
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Food Chain ,Lichens ,Homogenization (climate) ,Beta diversity ,Biodiversity ,Datasets as Topic ,Biology ,Generalist and specialist species ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Grassland ,Birds ,03 medical and health sciences ,Species Specificity ,Chiroptera ,Germany ,Animals ,Human Activities ,Arthropods ,Institut für Biochemie und Biologie ,Soil Microbiology ,Trophic level ,2. Zero hunger ,geography ,Multidisciplinary ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Community ,Ecology ,Fungi ,Species diversity ,Agriculture ,15. Life on land ,Plants ,Bryopsida ,030104 developmental biology ,13. Climate action ,human activities - Abstract
Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss(1,2). Alongside reductions in local species diversity, biotic homogenization at larger spatial scales is of great concern for conservation. Biotic homogenization means a decrease in beta-diversity (the compositional dissimilarity between sites). Most studies have investigated losses in local (alpha)-diversity(1,3) and neglected biodiversity loss at larger spatial scales. Studies addressing beta-diversity have focused on single or a few organism groups (for example, ref. 4), and it is thus unknown whether land-use intensification homogenizes communities at different trophic levels, above-and belowground. Here we show that even moderate increases in local land-use intensity (LUI) cause biotic homogenization across microbial, plant and animal groups, both above- and belowground, and that this is largely independent of changes in alpha-diversity. We analysed a unique grassland biodiversity dataset, with abundances of more than 4,000 species belonging to 12 trophic groups. LUI, and, in particular, high mowing intensity, had consistent effects on beta-diversity across groups, causing a homogenization of soil microbial, fungal pathogen, plant and arthropod communities. These effects were nonlinear and the strongest declines in beta-diversity occurred in the transition from extensively managed to intermediate intensity grassland. LUI tended to reduce local alpha-diversity in aboveground groups, whereas the alpha-diversity increased in belowground groups. Correlations between the alpha-diversity of different groups, particularly between plants and their consumers, became weaker at high LUI. This suggests a loss of specialist species and is further evidence for biotic homogenization. The consistently negative effects of LUI on landscape-scale biodiversity underscore the high value of extensively managed grasslands for conserving multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Indeed, biotic homogenization rather than local diversity loss could prove to be the most substantial consequence of land-use intensification.
- Published
- 2016
31. Quantum-dot spin–photon entanglement via frequency downconversion to telecom wavelength
- Author
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Jason S. Pelc, Martin M. Fejer, Martin Kamp, Sebastian Maier, Robert H. Hadfield, Leo Yu, Christian Schneider, Yoshihisa Yamamoto, Alfred Forchel, Chandra M. Natarajan, Eisuke Abe, Na Young Kim, Kristiaan De Greve, Sven Höfling, and Peter L. McMahon
- Subjects
Physics ,Quantum technology ,Open quantum system ,Quantum network ,Multidisciplinary ,Quantum mechanics ,Quantum sensor ,Quantum simulator ,Quantum imaging ,Quantum information ,Quantum computer - Abstract
Long-distance quantum teleportation and quantum repeater technologies require entanglement between a single matter quantum bit (qubit) and a telecommunications (telecom)-wavelength photonic qubit. Electron spins in III-V semiconductor quantum dots are among the matter qubits that allow for the fastest spin manipulation and photon emission, but entanglement between a single quantum-dot spin qubit and a flying (propagating) photonic qubit has yet to be demonstrated. Moreover, many quantum dots emit single photons at visible to near-infrared wavelengths, where silica fibre losses are so high that long-distance quantum communication protocols become difficult to implement. Here we demonstrate entanglement between an InAs quantum-dot electron spin qubit and a photonic qubit, by frequency downconversion of a spontaneously emitted photon from a singly charged quantum dot to a wavelength of 1,560 nanometres. The use of sub-10-picosecond pulses at a wavelength of 2.2 micrometres in the frequency downconversion process provides the necessary quantum erasure to eliminate which-path information in the photon energy. Together with previously demonstrated indistinguishable single-photon emission at high repetition rates, the present technique advances the III-V semiconductor quantum-dot spin system as a promising platform for long-distance quantum communication.
- Published
- 2012
32. Observation of the rare <tex>B_{S}^{0}\rightarrow\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$</tex> decay from the combined analysis of CMS and LHCb data
- Author
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Khachatryan, V., Sirunyan, A. M., Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Bergauer, T., Dragicevic, M., Eroe, J., Friedl, M., Fruehwirth, R., Ghete, V. M., Hartl, C., Hoermann, N., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, M., Kiesenhofer, W., Knuenz, V., Krammer, M., Kraetschmer, I., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Rabady, D., Rahbaran, B., Rohringer, H., Schoefbeck, R., Strauss, J., Treberer-Treberspurg, W., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C-E., Mossolov, V., Shumeiko, N., Suarez Gonzalez, J., Alderweireldt, Sara, Bansal, Sunil, Cornelis, Tom, de Wolf, Eddi, Janssen, Tahys, Knutsson, Albert, Lauwers, Jasper, Luyckx, Sten, Ochesanu, S., Rougny, Romain, van de Klundert, Merijn, van Haevermaet, Hans, Van Mechelen, Pierre, Van Remortel, Nick, Van Spilbeeck, Alex, Blekman, F., Blyweert, S., D'Hondt, J., Daci, N., Heracleous, N., Keaveney, J., Lowette, S., Maes, M., Olbrechts, A., Python, Q., Strom, D., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Van Mulders, P., Van Onsem, G. P., Villella, I., Caillol, C., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Dobur, D., Favart, L., Gay, A. P. R., Grebenyuk, A., Leonard, A., Mohammadi, A., Pernie, L., Randle-Conde, A., Reis, T., Seva, T., Thomas, L., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Wang, J., Zenoni, F., Adler, V., Beernaert, K., Benucci, L., Cimmino, A., Costantini, S., Crucy, S., Dildick, S., Fagot, A., Garcia, G., Mccartin, J., Ocampo Rios, A. A., Ryckbosch, D., Diblen, S. Salva, Sigamani, M., Strobbe, N., Thyssen, F., Tytgat, M., Yazgan, E., Zaganidis, N., Basegmez, S., Beluffi, C., Bruno, G., Castello, R., Caudron, A., Ceard, L., Da Silveira, G. G., Delaere, C., du Pree, T., Favart, D., Forthomme, L., Giammanco, A., Hollar, J., Jafari, A., Jez, P., Komm, M., Lemaitre, V., Nuttens, C., Pagano, D., Perrini, L., Pin, A., Piotrzkowski, K., Popov, A., Quertenmont, L., Selvaggi, M., Marono, M. Vidal, Garcia, J. M. Vizan, Beliy, N., Caebergs, T., Daubie, E., Hammad, G. H., Alda Junior, W. L., Alves, G. A., Brito, L., Correa Martins Junior, M., Dos Reis Martins, T., Mora Herrera, C., Pol, M. E., Rebello Teles, P., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Custodio, A., Da Costa, E. M., De Jesus Damiao, D., De Oliveira Martins, C., Fonseca De Souza, S., Malbouisson, H., Matos Figueiredo, D., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Prado Da Silva, W. L., Santaolalla, J., Santoro, A., Sznajder, A., Tonelli Manganote, E. J., Vilela Pereira, A., Bernardes, C. A., Dogra, S., Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R., Gregores, E. M., Mercadante, P. G., Novaes, S. F., Padula, Sandra S., Aleksandrov, A., Genchev, V., Hadjiiska, R., Iaydjiev, P., Marinov, A., Piperov, S., Rodozov, M., Sultanov, G., Vutova, M., Dimitrov, A., Glushkov, I., Litov, L., Pavlov, B., Petkov, P., Bian, J. G., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Cheng, T., Du, R., Jiang, C. H., Plestina, R., Romeo, F., Tao, J., Wang, Z., Asawatangtrakuldee, C., Ban, Y., Li, Q., Liu, S., Mao, Y., Qian, S. J., Wang, D., Xu, Z., Zou, W., Avila, C., Cabrera, A., Chaparro Sierra, L. F., Florez, C., Gomez, J. P., Gomez Moreno, B., Sanabria, J. C., Godinovic, N., Lelas, D., Polic, D., Puljak, I., Antunovic, Z., Kovac, M., Brigljevic, V., Kadija, K., Luetic, J., Mekterovic, D., Sudic, L., Attikis, A., Mavromanolakis, G., Mousa, J., Nicolaou, C., Ptochos, F., Razis, P. A., Bodlak, M., Finger, M., Finger, M., Jr., Assran, Y., Ellithi Kamel, A., Mahmoud, M. A., Radi, A., Kadastik, M., Murumaa, M., Raidal, M., Tiko, A., Eerola, P., Fedi, G., Voutilainen, M., Harkonen, J., Karimaki, V., Kinnunen, R., Kortelainen, M. J., Lampen, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lehti, S., Linden, T., Luukka, P., Maenpaa, T., Peltola, T., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Tuovinen, E., Wendland, L., Talvitie, J., Tuuva, T., Besancon, M., Couderc, F., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., Fabbro, B., Faure, J. L., Favaro, C., Ferri, F., Ganjour, S., Givernaud, A., Gras, P., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Jarry, P., Locci, E., Malcles, J., Rander, J., Rosowsky, A., Titov, M., Baffioni, S., Beaudette, F., Busson, P., Charlot, C., Dahms, T., Dalchenko, M., Dobrzynski, L., Filipovic, N., Florent, A., Granier de Cassagnac, R., Mastrolorenzo, L., Mine, P., Mironov, C., Naranjo, I. N., Nguyen, M., Ochando, C., Ortona, G., Paganini, P., Regnard, S., Salerno, R., Sauvan, J. B., Sirois, Y., Veelken, C., Yilmaz, Y., Zabi, A., Agram, J-L, Andrea, J., Aubin, A., Bloch, D., Brom, J-M., Chabert, E. C., Collard, C., Conte, E., Fontaine, J-C., Gele, D., Goerlach, U., Goetzmann, C., Le Bihan, A-C., Skovpen, K., Van Hove, P., Gadrat, S., Beauceron, S., Beaupere, N., Boudoul, G., Bouvier, E., Brochet, S., Carrillo Montoya, C. A., Chasserat, J., Chierici, R., Contardo, D., Depasse, P., El Mamouni, H., Fan, J., Fay, J., Gascon, S., Gouzevitch, M., Ille, B., Kurca, T., Lethuillier, M., Mirabito, L., Perries, S., Ruiz Alvarez, J. D., Sabes, D., Sgandurra, L., Sordini, V., Vander Donckt, M., Verdier, P., Viret, S., Xiao, H., Tsamalaidze, Z., Autermann, C., Beranek, S., Bontenackels, M., Edelhoff, M., Feld, L., Heister, A., Hindrichs, O., Klein, K., Ostapchuk, A., Raupach, F., Sammet, J., Schael, S., Schulte, J. F., Weber, H., Wittmer, B., Zhukov, V., Ata, M., Brodski, M., Dietz-Laursonn, E., Duchardt, D., Erdmann, M., Fischer, R., Gueth, A., Hebbeker, T., Heidemann, C., Hoepfner, K., Klingebiel, D., Knutzen, S., Kreuzer, P., Merschmeyer, M., Meyer, A., Millet, P., Olschewski, M., Padeken, K., Papacz, P., Reithler, H., Schmitz, S. A., Sonnenschein, L., Teyssier, D., Thueer, S., Weber, M., Cherepanov, V., Erdogan, Y., Fluegge, G., Geenen, H., Geisler, M., Ahmad, W. Haj, Hoehle, F., Kargoll, B., Kress, T., Kuessel, Y., Kuensken, A., Lingemann, J., Nowack, A., Nugent, I. M., Pooth, O., Stahl, A., Martin, M. Aldaya, Asin, I., Bartosik, N., Behr, J., Behrens, U., Bell, A. J., Bethani, A., Borras, K., Burgmeier, A., Cakir, A., Calligaris, L., Campbell, A., Choudhury, S., Costanza, F., Pardos, C. Diez, Dolinska, G., Dooling, S., Dorland, T., Eckerlin, G., Eckstein, D., Eichhorn, T., Flucke, G., Garcia, J. Garay, Geiser, A., Gunnellini, P., Hauk, J., Hempel, M., Jung, Hannes, Kalogeropoulos, A., Kasemann, M., Katsas, P., Kieseler, J., Kleinwort, C., Korol, I., Kruecker, D., Lange, W., Leonard, J., Lipka, K., Lobanov, A., Lohmann, W., Lutz, B., Mankel, R., Marfin, I., Melzer-Pellmann, I-A., Meyer, A. B., Mittag, G., Mnich, J., Mussgiller, A., Naumann-Emme, S., Nayak, A., Ntomari, E., Perrey, H., Pitzl, D., Placakyte, R., Raspereza, A., Ribeiro Cipriano, P. M., Roland, B., Ron, E., Sahin, M. Oe, Salfeld-Nebgen, J., Saxena, P., Schoerner-Sadenius, T., Schroeder, M., Seitz, C., Spannagel, S., Vargas Trevino, A. D. R., Walsh, R., Wissing, C., Blobel, V., Centis Vignali, M., Draeger, A. R., Erfle, J., Garutti, E., Goebel, K., Goerner, M., Haller, J., Hoffmann, M., Hoeing, R. S., Junkes, A., Kirschenmann, H., Klanner, R., Kogler, R., Lange, J., Lapsien, T., Lenz, T., Marchesini, I., Ott, J., Peiffer, T., Perieanu, A., Pietsch, N., Poehlsen, J., Poehlsen, T., Rathjens, D., Sander, C., Schettler, H., Schleper, P., Schlieckau, E., Schmidt, A., Seidel, M., Sola, V., Stadie, H., Steinbrueck, G., Troendle, D., Usai, E., Vanelderen, L., Vanhoefer, A., Barth, C., Baus, C., Berger, J., Boeser, C., Butz, E., Chwalek, T., De Boer, W., Descroix, A., Dierlamm, A., Feindt, M., Frensch, F., Giffels, M., Gilbert, A., Hartmann, F., Hauth, T., Husemann, U., Katkov, I., Kornmayer, A., Kuznetsova, E., Pardo, P. Lobelle, Mozer, M. U., Mueller, T., Mueller, Th., Nuernberg, A., Quast, G., Rabbertz, K., Roecker, S., Simonis, H. J., Stober, F. M., Ulrich, R., Wagner-Kuhr, J., Wayand, S., Weiler, T., Wolf, R., Anagnostou, G., Daskalakis, G., Geralis, T., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Kyriakis, A., Loukas, D., Markou, A., Markou, C., Psallidas, A., Topsis-Giotis, I., Agapitos, A., Kesisoglou, S., Panagiotou, A., Saoulidou, N., Stiliaris, E., Aslanoglou, X., Evangelou, I., Flouris, G., Foudas, C., Kokkas, P., Manthos, N., Papadopoulos, I., Paradas, E., Strologas, J., Bencze, G., Hajdu, C., Hidas, P., Horvath, D., Sikler, F., Veszpremi, V., Vesztergombi, G., Zsigmond, A. J., Beni, N., Czellar, S., Karancsi, J., Molnar, J., Palinkas, J., Szillasi, Z., Makovec, A., Raics, P., Trocsanyi, Z. L., Ujvari, B., Sahoo, N., Swain, S. K., Beri, S. B., Bhatnagar, V., Gupta, R., Bhawandeep, U., Kalsi, A. K., Kaur, M., Kumar, R., Mittal, M., Nishu, N., Singh, J. B., Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Arun, Ahuja, S., Bhardwaj, A., Choudhary, B. C., Kumar, A., Malhotra, S., Naimuddin, M., Ranjan, K., Sharma, V., Banerjee, S., Bhattacharya, S., Chatterjee, K., Dutta, S., Gomber, B., Jain, Sa., Jain, Sh., Khurana, R., Modak, A., Mukherjee, S., Roy, D., Sarkar, S., Sharan, M., Abdulsalam, A., Dutta, D., Kailas, S., Kumar, V., Mohanty, A. K., Pant, L. M., Shukla, P., Topkar, A., Aziz, T., Bhowmik, S., Chatterjee, R. M., Dewanjee, R. K., Dugad, S., Ganguly, S., Ghosh, S., Guchait, M., Gurtu, A., Kole, G., Kumar, S., Maity, M., Majumder, G., Mazumdar, K., Mohanty, G. B., Parida, B., Sudhakar, K., Wickramage, N., Bakhshiansohi, H., Behnamian, H., Etesami, S. M., Fahim, A., Goldouzian, R., Khakzad, M., Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi, Naseri, M., Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat, Hosseinabadi, F. Rezaei, Safarzadeh, B., Zeinali, M., Felcini, M., Grunewald, M., Abbrescia, M., Calabria, C., Chhibra, S. S., Colaleo, A., Creanza, D., De Filippis, N., De Palma, M., Fiore, L., Iaselli, G., Maggi, G., Maggi, M., My, S., Nuzzo, S., Pompili, A., Pugliese, G., Radogna, R., Selvaggi, G., Sharma, A., Silvestris, L., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Abbiendi, G., Benvenuti, A. C., Bonacorsi, D., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Brigliadori, L., Campanini, R., Capiluppi, P., Castro, A., Cavallo, F. R., Codispoti, G., Cuffiani, M., Dallavalle, G. M., Fabbri, F., Fanfani, A., Fasanella, D., Giacomelli, P., Grandi, C., Guiducci, L., Marcellini, S., Masetti, G., Montanari, A., Navarria, F. L., Perrotta, A., Primavera, F., Rossi, A. M., Rovelli, T., Siroli, G. P., Tosi, N., Travaglini, R., Albergo, S., Cappello, G., Chiorboli, M., Costa, S., Giordano, F., Potenza, R., Tricomi, A., Tuve, C., Barbagli, G., Ciulli, V., Civinini, C., D'Alessandro, R., Focardi, E., Gallo, E., Gonzi, S., Gori, V., Lenzi, P., Meschini, M., Paoletti, S., Sguazzoni, G., Tropiano, A., Benussi, L., Bianco, S., Piccolo, D., Ferretti, R., Ferro, F., Lo Vetere, M., Robutti, E., Tosi, S., Dinardo, M. E., Fiorendi, S., Gennai, S., Gerosa, R., Ghezzi, A., Govoni, P., Lucchini, M. T., Malvezzi, S., Manzoni, R. A., Martelli, A., Marzocchi, B., Menasce, D., Moroni, L., Paganoni, M., Pedrini, D., Ragazzi, S., Redaelli, N., Tabarelli de Fatis, T., Buontempo, S., Cavallo, N., Di Guida, S., Fabozzi, F., Iorio, A. O. 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Aquines, Blouw, J., Britsch, M., Fontana, M., Popov, D., Schmelling, M., Volyanskyy, D., Zavertyaev, M., Bachmann, S., Bien, A., Comerma-Montells, A., De Cian, M., Dordei, F., Esen, S., Faerber, C., Gersabeck, E., Grillo, L., Han, X., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Jaeger, A., Kolpin, M., Kreplin, K., Krocker, G., Leverington, B., Marks, J., Meissner, M., Neuner, M., Nikodem, T., Seyfert, P., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Uwer, U., Vesterinen, M., Wandernoth, S., Wiedner, D., Zhelezov, A., McNulty, R., Wallace, R., Zhang, W. C., Palano, A., Carbone, A., Falabella, A., Galli, D., Marconi, U., Moggi, N., Mussini, M., Perazzini, S., Vagnoni, V., Valenti, G., Zangoli, M., Bonivento, W., Cadeddu, S., Cardini, A., Cogoni, V., Contu, A., Lai, A., Liu, B., Manca, G., Oldeman, R., Saitta, B., Vacca, C., Andreotti, M., Baldini, W., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Corvo, M., Fiore, M., Fiorini, M., Luppi, E., Pappalardo, L. L., Shapoval, I., Tellarini, G., Tomassetti, L., Vecchi, S., Anderlini, L., Bizzeti, A., Frosini, M., Graziani, G., Passaleva, G., Veltri, M., Bencivenni, G., Campana, P., De Simone, P., Lanfranchi, G., Palutan, M., Rama, M., Sarti, A., Sciascia, B., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Cardinale, R., Fontanelli, F., Gambetta, S., Patrignani, C., Petrolini, A., Pistone, A., Calvi, M., Cassina, L., Gotti, C., Khanji, B., Kucharczyk, M., Matteuzzi, C., Fu, J., Geraci, A., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Amerio, S., Collazuol, G., Gallorini, S., Gianelle, A., Lucchesi, D., Lupato, A., Morandin, M., Rotondo, M., Sestini, L., Simi, G., Stroili, R., Bedeschi, F., Cenci, R., Leo, S., Marino, P., Morello, M. J., Punzi, G., Stracka, S., Walsh, J., Carboni, G., Furfaro, E., Santovetti, E., Satta, A., Alves, A. A., Jr., Auriemma, G., Bocci, V., Martellotti, G., Penso, G., Pinci, D., Santacesaria, R., Satriano, C., Sciubba, A., Dziurda, A., Kucewicz, W., Lesiak, T., Rachwal, B., Witek, M., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T., Idzik, M., Morawski, P., Moron, J., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Swientek, K., Szumlak, T., Batozskaya, V., Klimaszewski, K., Kurek, K., Szczekowski, M., Ukleja, A., Wislicki, W., Cojocariu, L., Giubega, L., Grecu, A., Maciuc, F., Orlandea, M., Popovici, B., Stoica, S., Straticiuc, M., Alkhazov, G., Bondar, N., Dzyuba, A., Maev, O., Sagidova, N., Shcheglov, Y., Belogurov, S., Belyaev, I., Egorychev, V., Golubkov, D., Kvaratskheliya, T., Machikhiliyan, I. V., Polyakov, I., Savrina, D., Semennikov, A., Zhokhov, A., Berezhnoy, A., Korolev, M., Leflat, A., Nikitin, N., Filippov, S., Gushchin, E., Kravchuk, L., Bondar, A., Eidelman, S., Krokovny, P., Kudryavtsev, V., Shekhtman, L., Vorobyev, V., Artamonov, A., Belous, K., Dzhelyadin, R., Guz, Yu., Novoselov, A., Obraztsov, V., Romanovsky, V., Shapkin, M., Stenyakin, O., Yushchenko, O., Badalov, A., Gomez, M. Calvo, Garrido, L., Gascon, D., Diaz, R. Graciani, Grauges, E., Benito, C. Marin, Olloqui, E. Picatoste, Molina, V. Rives, Ruiz, H., Vilasis-Cardona, X., Adeva, B., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Suarez, A. Dosil, Albor, V. Fernandez, Torreira, A. Gallas, Pardinas, J. Garcia, Morata, J. A. Hernando, Casasus, M. Plo, Vidal, A. Romero, Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sedes, B. Sanmartin, Rios, C. Santamarina, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vazquez, Diaz, M. Vieites, Alessio, F., Archilli, F., Barschel, C., Benson, S., Buytaert, J., Perez, D. Campora, Garcia, L. Castillo, Cattaneo, M., Charpentier, Ph., Vidal, X. Cid, Clemencic, M., Closier, J., Coco, V., Collins, P., Corti, G., Couturier, B., D'Ambrosio, C., Dettori, F., Di Canto, A., Dijkstra, H., Durante, P., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Forty, R., Frank, M., Frei, C., Gaspar, C., Gligorov, V. V., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Gys, T., Haen, C., He, J., Head, T., van Herwijnen, E., Jacobsson, R., Johnson, D., Joram, C., Jost, B., Karacson, M., Karbach, T. M., Lacarrere, D., Langhans, B., Lindner, R., Linn, C., Lohn, S., Mapelli, A., Matev, R., Mathe, Z., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Otto, A., Panman, J., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Rauschmayr, N., Rihl, M., Roiser, S., Ruf, T., Schindler, H., Schmidt, B., Schopper, A., Schwemmer, R., Sridharan, S., Stagni, F., Subbiah, V. K., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Tonelli, D., Trisovic, A., Garcia, M. Ubeda, Wicht, J., Wyllie, K., Battista, V., Bay, A., Blanc, F., Dorigo, M., Dupertuis, F., Fitzpatrick, C., Giani, S., Haefeli, G., Jaton, P., Khurewathanakul, C., Komarov, I., La Thi, V. N., Lopez-March, N., Maerki, R., Martinelli, M., Muster, B., Nakada, T., Nguyen, A. D., Nguyen, T. D., Nguyen-Mau, C., Prisciandaro, J., Navarro, A. Puig, Rakotomiaramanana, B., Rouvinet, J., Schneider, O., Soomro, F., Szczypka, P., Tobin, M., Tourneur, S., Tran, M. T., Veneziano, G., Bernet, R., Bowen, E., Bursche, A., Chiapolini, N., Chrzaszcz, M., Elsasser, Ch., Graverini, E., Lionetto, F., Lowdon, P., Mueller, K., Serra, N., Steinkamp, O., Storaci, B., Straumann, U., Tresch, M., Vollhardt, A., Aaij, R., Ali, S., Van Beuzekom, M., David, P. N. Y., De Bruyn, K., Farinelli, C., Heijne, V., Hulsbergen, W., Jans, E., Koppenburg, P., Kozlinskiy, A., van Leerdam, J., Merk, M., Oggero, S., Pellegrino, A., Snoek, H., van Tilburg, J., Tsopelas, P., Tuning, N., de Vries, J. A., Ketel, T., Koopman, R. F., Lambert, R. W., Santos, D. Martinez, Raven, G., Schiller, M., Syropoulos, V., Tolk, S., Dovbnya, A., Kandybei, S., Raniuk, I., Okhrimenko, O., Pugatch, V., Bifani, S., Farley, N., Griffith, P., Kenyon, I. R., Lazzeroni, C., Mazurov, A., McCarthy, J., Pescatore, L., Watson, N. K., Williams, M. P., Adinolfi, M., Benton, J., Brook, N. H., Cook, A., Coombes, M., Dalseno, J., Hampson, T., Harnew, S. T., Naik, P., Price, E., Prouve, C., Rademacker, J. H., Richards, S., Saunders, D. M., Skidmore, N., Souza, D., Velthuis, J. J., Voong, D., Barter, W., Bettler, M-O., Cliff, H. V., Evans, H. -M., Tico, J. Garra, Gibson, V., Gregson, S., Haines, S. C., Jones, C. R., Sirendi, M., Ward, D. R., Wotton, S. A., Wright, S., Back, J. J., Blake, T., Craik, D. C., Crocombe, A. C., Dossett, D., Gershon, T., Kreps, M., Langenbruch, C., Latham, T., O'Hanlon, D. P., Pilar, T., Poluektov, A., Reid, M. M., Coutinho, R. Silva, Wallace, C., Whitehead, M., Easo, S., Nandakumar, R., Papanestis, A., Ricciardi, S., Wilson, F. F., Carson, L., Clarke, P. E. L., Cowan, G. A., Eisenhardt, S., Ferguson, D., Lambert, D., Luo, H., Morris, A. -B., Muheim, F., Needham, M., Playfer, S., Alexander, M., Beddow, J., Dean, C-T., Eklund, L., Hynds, D., Karodia, S., Longstaff, I., Ogilvy, S., Pappagallo, M., Sail, P., Skillicorn, I., Soler, F. J. P., Spradlin, P., Affolder, A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Brown, H., Casse, G., Donleavy, S., Dreimanis, K., Farry, S., Fay, R., Hennessy, K., Hutchcroft, D., Liles, M., McSkelly, B., Patel, G. D., Price, J. D., Pritchard, A., Rinnert, K., Shears, T., Smith, N. A., Ciezarek, G., Cunliffe, S., Currie, R., Egede, U., Fol, P., Golutvin, A., Hall, S., McCann, M., Owen, P., Patel, M., Redi, F., Sepp, I., Smith, E., Sutcliffe, W., Websdale, D., Appleby, R. B., Barlow, R. J., Bird, T., Bjomstad, P. M., Borghi, S., Brett, D., Brodzicka, J., Capriotti, L., Chen, S., De Capua, S., Dujany, G., Gersabeck, M., Harrison, J., Hombach, C., Klaver, S., Lafferty, G., McNab, A., Parkes, C., Pearce, A., Reichert, S., Rodrigues, E., Perez, P. Rodriguez, Smith, M., Cheung, S-F., Derkach, D., Evans, T., Gauld, R., Greening, E., Harnew, N., Hill, D., Hunt, P., Hussain, N., Jalocha, J., John, M., Lupton, O., Malde, S., Stevenson, S., Thomas, C., Topp-Joergensen, S., Torr, N., Wilkinson, G., Counts, I., Ilten, P., Williams, M., Andreassen, R., Davis, A., De Silva, W., Meadows, B., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Todd, J., Andrews, J. E., Hamilton, B., Jawahery, A., Wimberley, J., Artuso, M., Blusk, S., Borgia, A., Britton, T., Ely, S., Gandini, P., Garofoli, J., Gui, B., Hadjivasiliou, C., Jurik, N., Kelsey, M., Mountain, R., Pal, B. K., Skwarnicki, T., Stone, S., Xing, Z., Zhang, L., Baesso, C., Torres, M. Cruz, Goebel, C., Rodriguez, J. Molina, Xie, Y., Milanes, D. A., Gruenberg, O., Hess, M., Voss, C., Waldi, R., Likhomanenko, T., Malinin, A., Shevchenko, V., Ustyuzhanin, A., Vidal, F. Martinez, Oyanguren, A., Valls, P. Ruiz, Mayordomo, C. Sanchez, Onderwater, C. J. G., Wilschut, H. W., Pesen, E., CMS Collaboration, and LHCb Collaboration
- Subjects
High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Engineering sciences. Technology - Abstract
The standard model of particle physics describes the fundamental particles and their interactions via the strong, electromagnetic and weak forces. It provides precise predictions for measurable quantities that can be tested experimentally. The probabilities, or branching fractions, of the strange B meson (B-s(0)) and the B-0 meson decaying into two oppositely charged muons (mu(+) and mu(-)) are especially interesting because of their sensitivity to theories that extend the standard model. The standard model predicts that the B-s(0)->mu(+)mu(-) and B-0 ->mu(+)mu(-) decays are very rare, with about four of the former occurring for every billion B-s(0) mesons produced, and one of the latter occurring for every ten billion B-0 mesons(1). A difference in the observed branching fractions with respect to the predictions of the standard model would provide a direction in which the standard model should be extended. Before the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN2 started operating, no evidence for either decay mode had been found. Upper limits on the branching fractions were an order of magnitude above the standard model predictions. The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) and LHCb(Large Hadron Collider beauty) collaborations have performed a joint analysis of the data from proton-proton collisions that they collected in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of seven teraelectronvolts and in 2012 at eight teraelectronvolts. Here we report the first observation of the B-s(0)->mu(+)mu(-) decay, with a statistical significance exceeding six standard deviations, and the best measurement so far of its branching fraction. Furthermore, we obtained evidence for the B-0 ->mu(+)mu(-) decay with a statistical significance of three standard deviations. Both measurements are statistically compatible with standard model predictions and allow stringent constraints to be placed on theories beyond the standard model. The LHC experiments will resume taking data in 2015, recording proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 teraelectronvolts, which will approximately double the production rates of B-s(0) and B-0 mesons and lead to further improvements in the precision of these crucial tests of the standard model.
- Published
- 2015
33. Math1 is essential for genesis of cerebellar granule neurons
- Author
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Dawna L. Armstrong, Martin M. Matzuk, Nissim Ben-Arie, Polina R. Gordadze, Alanna E. McCall, Huda Y. Zoghbi, Hugo J. Bellen, and Qiuxia Guo
- Subjects
ATOH1 ,Cerebellum ,Central nervous system ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Mice ,Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ,medicine ,Animals ,Rhombic lip ,Transcription factor ,Neurons ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Basic helix-loop-helix ,Respiration ,Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs ,Gene targeting ,Cell Differentiation ,Anatomy ,Cell biology ,CXCL3 ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Gene Targeting ,biology.protein ,Gene Deletion ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The cerebellum is essential for fine motor control of movement and posture, and its dysfunction disrupts balance and impairs control of speech, limb and eye movements. The developing cerebellum consists mainly of three types of neuronal cells: granule cells in the external germinal layer, Purkinje cells, and neurons of the deep nuclei. The molecular mechanisms that underlie the specific determination and the differentiation of each of these neuronal subtypes are unknown. Math1, the mouse homologue of the Drosophila gene atonal, encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is specifically expressed in the precursors of the external germinal layer and their derivatives. Here we report that mice lacking Math1 fail to form granule cells and are born with a cerebellum that is devoid of an external germinal layer. To our knowledge, Math1 is the first gene to be shown to be required in vivo for the genesis of granule cells, and hence the predominant neuronal population in the cerebellum.
- Published
- 1997
34. Growth differentiation factor-9 is required during early ovarian folliculogenesis
- Author
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N Lu, T R Kumar, David F. Albertini, Martin M. Matzuk, Katsuhiko Nishimori, and Dong J
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ,Biology ,Growth differentiation factor-9 ,Cell Line ,Mice ,FIGLA ,Ovarian Follicle ,Primary follicle stage ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Ovarian follicle ,Growth Substances ,Multidisciplinary ,Bone morphogenetic protein 15 ,Ovary ,Cell Differentiation ,Oocyte ,Cell biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Targeting ,embryonic structures ,Follicular Cyst ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Female ,Folliculogenesis ,Oocyte differentiation ,Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ,Infertility, Female ,Gene Deletion - Abstract
Growth factors synthesized by ovarian somatic cells directly affect oocyte growth and function, but it is unclear whether oocyte-secreted factors play a reciprocal role in modulating somatic cell functions in vivo. During the functional analysis of members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily in mouse development, we have uncovered a new family member, growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9), which is required for ovarian folliculogenesis. GDF-9 messenger RNA is synthesized only in the oocyte from the primary one-layer follicle stage until after ovulation. Here we analyse ovaries from GDF-9-deficient female mice and demonstrate that primordial and primary one-layer follicles can be formed, but there is a block in follicular development beyond the primary one-layer follicle stage which leads to complete infertility. Oocyte growth and zona pellucida formation proceed normally, but other aspects of oocyte differentiation are compromised. Thus, GDF-9 is the first oocyte-derived growth factor required for somatic cell function in vivo.
- Published
- 1996
35. Different phenotypes for mice deficient in either activins or activin receptor type II
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Martin M. Matzuk, T. Rajendra Kumar, and Allan Bradley
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Phenocopy ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,Multidisciplinary ,Activin receptor ,Biology ,ACVR1 ,Embryonic stem cell ,Cell biology ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,embryonic structures ,medicine ,Stem cell ,Signal transduction ,Receptor ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,ACVR2B - Abstract
Activins are believed to initiate a signal transduction cascade by binding to serine/threonine kinase receptors types I and II. Activins bind to several different receptors in vitro, but the significance of this interaction in vivo has not been confirmed. To test the function of the type II activin receptor (ActRcII) in mammalian development and reproduction, we generated a null mutation in the ActRcII gene in mice using embryonic stem cell technology. We expected ActRcII-deficient mice to phenocopy activin-deficient mice. A few ActRcII-deficient mice had skeletal and facial abnormalities reminiscent of the Pierre-Robin syndrome in humans, but most lacked these defects and developed into adults; their follicle-stimulating hormone was suppressed, and their reproductive performance was defective. These findings confirm a role of ActRcII in activin signalling in pituitary gonadotrophs. The striking lack of overlap between phenotypes of ActRcII-deficient and activin-deficient mice suggests that the ligands that signal through ActRcII during embryonic development are not activins.
- Published
- 1995
36. Multiple defects and perinatal death in mice deficient in follistatin
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Allan Bradley, Dennis R. Roop, Martin M. Matzuk, Hannes Vogel, Nalfang Lu, and Klaus Sellheyer
- Subjects
endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Messenger RNA ,animal structures ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Epidermis (botany) ,Xenopus ,Hindbrain ,biology.organism_classification ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,embryonic structures ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Follistatin-Related Proteins ,Receptor ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Transforming growth factor ,Follistatin - Abstract
FOLLISTATIN, an activin-binding protein and activin antagonist in vitro1,2, can bind to heparan sulphate proteoglycans3 and may function in vivo to present activins to their receptors. In the mouse, follistatin messenger RNA is first detected in the deciduum (on embryonic day 5.5), and later in the developing hindbrain, somites, vibrissae, teeth, epidermis and muscle4–11. In Xenopus laevis, over-expression of follistatin leads to induction of neural tissue12. Here we use loss-of-function mutant mice to investigate the function of follistatin in mammals. We find that follistatin-deficient mice are retarded in then* growth, have decreased mass of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, shiny taut skin, skeletal defects of the hard palate and the thirteenth pair of ribs, their whisker and tooth development is abnormal, they fail to breathe, and die within hours of birth. These defects are more widespread than those seen in activin-deficient mutant mice, indicating that follistatin may modulate the actions of several members of the transforming growth factor-β family.
- Published
- 1995
37. α-lnhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice
- Author
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Martin M. Matzuk, Jyan-Gwo J. Su, Allan Bradley, Milton J. Finegold, and Aaron J. W. Hsueh
- Subjects
Male ,Heterozygote ,endocrine system ,Stromal cell ,endocrine system diseases ,Tumor suppressor gene ,Activin and inhibin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Mice, Transgenic ,Biology ,Gene product ,Mice ,Testicular Neoplasms ,medicine ,Animals ,Genes, Tumor Suppressor ,Inhibins ,Gonads ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,Multidisciplinary ,Growth factor ,Homozygote ,Embryonic stem cell ,Null allele ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Mutagenesis ,Cancer research ,Female ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Transforming growth factor - Abstract
The inhibins are alpha:beta heterodimeric growth factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta family. To understand the physiological roles of the inhibins in mammalian development and reproduction, a targeted deletion of the alpha-inhibin gene was generated by homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem cells. Mice homozygous for the null allele (inhibin-deficient) initially develop normally but every mouse ultimately develops mixed or incompletely differentiated gonadal stromal tumours either unilaterally or bilaterally. Inhibin is thus a critical negative regulator of gonadal stromal cell proliferation and the first secreted protein identified to have tumour-suppressor activity.
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- 1992
38. Cardiac defects and altered ryanodine receptor function in mice lacking FKBP12
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Qiuxia Guo, Martin M. Matzuk, Michael D. Schneider, Susan L. Hamilton, Lawrence M. Mathews, Dawna L. Armstrong, Weinian Shou, Bahman Aghdasi, Shideng Bao, and Min Ji Charng
- Subjects
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ,Heart Defects, Congenital ,Male ,Ryanodine receptor 2 ,Tacrolimus Binding Proteins ,Mice ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,medicine ,Animals ,Abnormalities, Multiple ,Inhibins ,Receptor ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Fetal Death ,Heat-Shock Proteins ,Amino Acid Isomerases ,RYR1 ,Multidisciplinary ,Ryanodine receptor ,Chemistry ,Heart Septal Defects ,Skeletal muscle ,Brain ,Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ,Cell biology ,Activins ,Intracellular signal transduction ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biochemistry ,Congenital heart disorder ,Female ,Signal transduction ,Carrier Proteins ,Gene Deletion ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
FKBP12, a cis–trans prolyl isomerase that binds the immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin, is ubiquitouslyexpressed and interacts with proteins in several intracellular signal transduction systems1.Although FKBP12 interacts with the cytoplasmic domains of type I receptors of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) superfamily in vitro, the function of FKBP12 in TGF-β superfamily signalling iscontroversial2,3,4,5,6. FKBP12 also physicallyinteracts stoichiometrically with multiple intracellular calcium release channels including the tetrameric skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor(RyR1)7,8. In contrast, the cardiacryanodine receptor, RyR2, appears to bind selectively theFKBP12 homologue, FKBP12.6 (9, 10). To define the functions of FKBP12 in vivo, we generated mutantmice deficient in FKBP12 using embryonic stem (ES) cell technology. FKBP12-deficient mice have normal skeletal muscle buthave severe dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular septal defects that mimic a human congenital heart disorder, noncompaction of leftventricular myocardium11,12. About 9% of themutants exhibit exencephaly secondary to a defect in neural tube closure. Physiological studies demonstrate that FKBP12 is dispensable forTGF-β-mediated signalling, but modulates the calcium release activity of both skeletal and cardiac ryanodinereceptors.
- Published
- 1998
39. Functional analysis of activins during mammalian development
- Author
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Martin M. Matzuk, Anne Vassalli, T. Rajendra Kumar, Allan Bradley, Rudolf Jaenisch, Dennis R. Roop, and Jackie R. Bickenbach
- Subjects
endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mesoderm ,animal structures ,Oryzias ,Xenopus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cell Line ,Embryonic and Fetal Development ,Mice ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Inhibins ,Beta (finance) ,Growth Substances ,Mutation ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Palate ,Embryogenesis ,Skull ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,Activins ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurulation ,Endocrinology ,embryonic structures ,Mesoderm formation ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Activins are dimeric (beta A beta A; beta B beta B; beta A beta B) members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. They are widely expressed during murine development, are highly conserved during vertebrate evolution, and may be involved in mesoderm induction and neurulation in Xenopus laevis and Oryzias latipes. To investigate the function of mammalian activins in vivo, we generated mice with mutations either in activin-beta A or in both activin-beta A and activin-beta B. Activin-beta A-deficient mice develop to term but die within 24 h of birth. They lack whiskers and lower incisors and have defects in their secondary palates, including cleft palate, demonstrating that activin-beta A must have a role during craniofacial development. Mice lacking both activin subunits show the defects of both individual mutants but no additional defects, indicating that there is no functional redundancy between these proteins during embryogenesis. In contrast to observations in lower vertebrates, zygotic expression of activins is not essential for mesoderm formation in mice.
- Published
- 1995
40. Imprints on DNA fingerprints
- Author
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Shapiro, Martin M.
- Subjects
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation ,Forensic genetics -- Methods ,DNA testing -- Research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Published
- 1991
41. Imprints on DNA fingerprints
- Author
-
Martin M. Shapiro
- Subjects
Molecular Weight ,Multidisciplinary ,DNA profiling ,Humans ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Forensic Medicine ,DNA Fingerprinting ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length - Published
- 1991
42. Nuclear weapons
- Author
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Kaplan, Martin M., primary
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. α-lnhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice
- Author
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Matzuk, Martin M., primary, Finegold, Milton J., additional, Su, Jyan-Gwo J., additional, Hsueh, Aaron J. W., additional, and Bradley, Allan, additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Nuclear weapons
- Author
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Martin M. Kaplan
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary - Published
- 1994
45. Is the quantum of transmitter release composed of subunits?
- Author
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Martin M. Weinstock, Douglas C. Miller, and Karl L. Magleby
- Subjects
Nerve Endings ,Physics ,Neurotransmitter Agents ,Multidisciplinary ,Basis (linear algebra) ,Models, Neurological ,Transmitter ,Neuromuscular Junction ,In Vitro Techniques ,Motor Endplate ,Synaptic Transmission ,Membrane Potentials ,Amplitude ,Quantum mechanics ,Animals ,Anura ,Unit (ring theory) ,Random variable ,Quantum ,Integer (computer science) - Abstract
THE quantal theory of transmitter release proposed by del Castillo and Katz1 states that the endplate potential is built up of unit potentials (quanta), each of which is the size of the spontaneously occurring miniature endplate potentials (m.e.p.ps). It has recently been proposed that unit potentials and m.e.p.ps are built up of 2–15 still smaller subunits2–4. The basis for this proposal has been drawn in part from two observations. First, some preparations show a distinct class of small-mode m.e.p.ps of amplitude typically about 1/7 that of the average m.e.p.p. Second, amplitude histograms of m.e.p.ps display multiple peaks whose amplitudes sometimes appear to be integer multiples of the small-mode m.e.p.p. amplitude2–4. We now present evidence suggesting that the peaks on histograms of m.e.p.p. amplitudes may arise from random variation in the data due to a limited sample size. The data do not support the proposal that m.e.p.ps and unit potentials are composed of 2–15 subunits.
- Published
- 1978
46. Amyloid P component is located on elastic fibre microfibrils in normal human tissue
- Author
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Glenys Tennentt, Roland Dyck, F C de Beer, Mark B. Pepys, Balbir S. Bhogal, S.M. Breathnach, Martin M. Black, and S.M. Melrose
- Subjects
Amyloid ,Connective tissue ,Matrix (biology) ,Veins ,medicine ,Humans ,Tissue Distribution ,Lung ,Aorta ,Serum amyloid P component ,Skin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Chemistry ,Acute-phase protein ,Elastin ,Serum Amyloid P-Component ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biochemistry ,Connective Tissue ,biology.protein ,Biophysics ,Glycoprotein ,Fibrillin - Abstract
Amyloid P component (AP) is a glycoprotein found in amyloid deposits1–3 which is apparently identical to the normal plasma protein, serum amyloid P component (SAP)4. SAP closely resembles C-reactive protein (CRP), the classical acute phase reactant, in molecular configuration5,6 and amino acid sequence7 but is not related to any other known protein. We have recently shown that a protein which is immunochemically cross-reactive with SAP is an integral constituent of normal human glomerular basement membrane and is covalently associated there with collagen and/or other matrix proteins8–10. We now report that antibodies to SAP bind immunospecifically to the peripheral, microfibrillar mantle of elastic fibres in the skin and in blood vessels of normal adults. These findings extend both biochemical characterization of elastic fibres, which are a universal and important constituent of connective tissues, and knowledge of the normal tissue distribution of AP.
- Published
- 1981
47. Pugwash International Conference of Scientists : Statement on Biological and Chemical Warfare
- Author
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Pierre Thibault, André Lwoff, Eugene Rabinowitch, Robert Watson-Watt, M. L. Ahuja, Vladimir P. Pavlichenko, Hugo Muench, Patricia J. Lindop, Donald Kerr, Joseph Rotblat, Sven Gard, M. G. P. Stoker, Alexandre A. Imshenetsky, Chauncey D. Leake, Preben Von Magnus, Claude E. Dolman, A. A. Smorodintsev, Charles C. Higgins, Theodor Rosebury, H. Bentley Glass, Martin M. Kaplan, Mikhail M. Dubinin, Alexander Rich, Gordon Manley, Brock Chisholm, and F. C. Bawden
- Subjects
Engineering ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemical warfare ,Statement (logic) ,business.industry ,Engineering ethics ,business - Abstract
Pugwash International Conference of Scientists : Statement on Biological and Chemical Warfare
- Published
- 1959
48. Epidemiology of Rabies
- Author
-
KAPLAN, MARTIN M.
- Abstract
In many parts of the world rabies is still a considerable public health risk. Although dogs are the most important sources and transmitters of infection, in some places wildlife is a greater problem.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Is the quantum of transmitter release composed of subunits?
- Author
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MILLER, DOUGLAS C., WEINSTOCK, MARTIN M., and MAGLEBY, KARL L.
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. D-α-Aminoadipate as a selective antagonist of amino acid-induced and synaptic excitation of mammalian spinal neurones.
- Author
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BISCOE, T. J., EVANS, R. H., FRANCIS, A. A., MARTIN, M. R., WATKINS, J. C., DAVIES, J., and DRAY, A.
- Published
- 1977
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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