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The aim of this work was to prospect termite species associated with the degradation of 463 amazon specimens (5 x 5 x 50 cm) without chemical treatment, from 36 forest species in a decay field, located at Embrapa Acre, municipality of Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil (10º01’30.7”S; 67º42’23.6”W). This work focuses on Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen), the main species found and present in 91.6% of the species present in the decay field. The specimens (piles) were arranged in lines, with spacing of 2.5 m between lines and 1.0 m between piles, erected in the soil at a depth of 25 cm. The study was carried out in the period from August 2015 to November 2017 in quarterly evaluations. From visualization of termites in the specimens (aerial and underground parts), they were collected, preserved in alcohol (80%) and identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible. Only the specimens of Canelão (Aniba canelilla (Kunth) Mez.), Freijó (Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud.), and Imbiridiba-amarela (Terminalia amazonica (J. F. Gmel.) Exell) did not show infestation by H. tenuis. Proportionally by number of cuttings, Cedro-rosa (Cedrela odorata L.), and Angelim-da-mata (Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke) were the wood species most and least attacked by H. tenuis, respectively., O objetivo deste trabalho é reportar a principal espécie de térmita associadas à deterioração de espécies madeireiras, nas condições edafoclimáticas de Rio Branco, AC. Foi instalado um campo de apodrecimento no campo experimental da Embrapa Acre (10º01’30,7” S; 67º42’23,6” O) onde foram dispostos 463 corpos de prova (estacas de 5 x 5 x 50 cm) sem tratamento químico, de 36 espécies florestais amazônicas. Os corpos de prova foram dispostos em linhas, com espaçamento de 2,5 x e 1,0 m e enterrados no solo a 25 cm de profundidade. O estudo foi conduzido no período de agosto de 2015 a novembro de 2017, com avaliações trimestrais. A partir da visualização de cupins nos corpos de prova (parte aérea e subterrânea), os mesmos eram coletados, conservados em álcool etílico (80%) e identificados ao menor nível taxonômico possível. Esse trabalho enfoca dados relacionados a Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen), a principal espécie de cupim, encontrada em 91,6% das espécies presentes no campo de apodrecimento. Apenas os corpos de prova de canelão (Aniba canelilla), freijó (Cordia trichotoma) e imbiridiba-amarela (Terminalia amazonica) não foram infestadas por H. tenuis. Proporcionalmente à quantidade de estacas, o cedro-rosa (Cedrela odorata) e o angelim-da-mata (Hymenolobium petraeum) foram as espécies madeireiras mais e menos atacadas por H. tenuis, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Amazônia; biodeterioração; Isoptera; inseto xilófago. Heterotermes tenuis (HAGEN) (BLATTODEA: RHINOTERMITIDAE): main termite associated with forest species, in decay field in Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil ABSTRACT: The aim of this work is to report the main termite species associated with the deterioration of wood species, in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil. A rotting field was installed in the experimental field of Embrapa Acre (10º01'30.7” S; 67º42'23.6” W) where 463 specimens were placed (5 x 5 x 50 cm piles) without chemical treatment, of 36 Amazonian forest species. The specimens were arranged in lines, with a spacing of 2.5 x and 1.0 m and buried in the ground at a depth of 25 cm. The study was carried out from August 2015 to November 2017, with quarterly evaluations. From the visualization of termites in the specimens (aerial and underground), they were collected, preserved in ethyl alcohol (80%) and identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level. This work focuses on data related to Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen), the main termite species, found in 91.6% of the species present in the decay field. Only canelão (Aniba canelilla), freijó (Cordia trichotoma), and imbiridiba-amarela (Terminalia amazonica) specimens were not infested by H. tenuis. In proportion to the number of cuttings, cedro-rosa (Cedrela odorata), and angelim-da-mata (Hymenolobium petraeum) were the wood species most and least attacked by H. tenuis, respectively. Keywords: Amazon; biodeterioration; Isoptera; xylophagous insect.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comércio madeireiro no estado de Mato Grosso, analisando as principais espécies madeireiras comercializadas e os seus principais produtos gerados. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos relatórios de Beneficiamento e Comércio de Produtos da Madeira por Espécie Florestal e disponibilizados pela Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente de Mato Grosso (SEMA-MT). O diagnóstico foi realizado no período entre 2007 e 2014, onde foram analisados o volume total, os valores comercializados das dez espécies mais comercializadas e dos seus produtos gerados. As dez espécies mais comercializadas (Erisma uncinatum Warm., Goupia glabra Aubl, Qualea albiflora Warm., Qualea paraensis Ducke, Mezilaurus itauba, Qualea sp., Hymenolobium sp., Apuleia sp., Trattinnickia sp. e Vochysia sp.) obtiveram um valor de 5,6 bilhões e um volume aproximado de 10,42 milhões de metros cúbicos no período, que corresponde a 48,60% do volume total comercializado. Os produtos analisados corresponderam a quase 36% de todos os produtos comercializáveis pelas principais espécies em volume, e em valor corresponderam a cerca de 70% do total.Palavras-chave: indústria madeireira; madeira tropical; comércio de madeiras. DIAGNOSIS OF THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF SAWN TIMBER IN THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to evaluate the timber trade in the state of Mato Grosso, analyzing the main timber species traded and its main products generated. The data were collected from the reports of Beneficiation and Trade of Madeira Products by Forest Species and made available by the State Secretariat of Environment of Mato Grosso (SEMA-MT). The diagnosis was made between 2007 and 2014, where the total volume, the commercialized values of the ten most traded species and their products were analyzed. The ten most commercialized species (Erisma uncinatum Warm., Goupia glabra Aubl, Qualea albiflora Warm., Qualea paraensis Ducke, Mezilaurus itauba, Qualea sp., Hymenolobium sp., Apuleia sp., Trattinnickia sp. e Vochysia sp.) obtained a value 5.8 billion and an approximate volume of 10.42 million cubic meters in the period, which corresponds to 48.60% of the total volume traded. The products analyzed corresponded to almost 36% of all products traded by the main species in volume, and in value corresponded to about 70% of the total.Keywords: timber industry; tropical wood; timber trade.

EFICIENCIA DO OLEO QUEIMADO COMO PRESERVATIVO DE MADEIRAS SUBMETIDAS A ENSAIOS DE DETERIORACAO DE CAMPO O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a eficiencia do oleo queimado como preservativo de madeiras de Trattinnickia rhoifolia Willd. submetidas a ensaios de deterioracao de campo. Os tratamentos preservativos com oleo queimado foram realizados pelo metodo de imersao simples considerando dois fatores de variacao: viscosidade do oleo (SAE 10 e SAE 15) e tempo de imersao (3 min, 3 h e 24 h). A eficiencia dos tratamentos preservativos foi avaliada por meio da taxa de retencao do produto oleoso, quantificacao da lixiviacao apos exposicao em campo e perda de massa causada pela deterioracao biologica. Adicionalmente, foi empregada a tecnica de colorimetria para avaliacao do escurecimento causado pelo tratamento preservativo e no monitoramento da alteracao da cor superficial da madeira devido a lixiviacao pela exposicao a campo. Com base nos resultados pode-se concluir que o tratamento preservativo com oleo queimado foi eficiente, de modo a proporcionar as madeiras uma maior resistencia biologica, com destaque para o uso do oleo de menor viscosidade (SAE 10). As maiores taxas de retencao e menores perdas de massa devido a deterioracao biologica foram obtidas ao empregar o oleo queimado SAE 10, por outro lado tambem apresentaram as maiores taxas de lixiviacao. Palavras-chave: preservacao da madeira, imersao simples, preservativo oleoso, madeira tropical. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of oil burned as a wood preservative of Trattinnickia rhoifolia Willd submitted to field deterioration tests. The preservatives treatments with burnt oil were performed by the simple immersion method considering two variation factors: oil viscosity (SAE 10 and SAE 15) and immersion time (3 min, 3 h and 24 h). The effectiveness of the preservative treatments was evaluated through oily product retention rate, quantification of leaching after exposure in the field and mass loss caused by biological deterioration. Additionally, the colorimetric technique was used to assess the darkening caused by preservative treatment and monitoring of the change of surface color of the wood due to leaching by exposure to the field. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the preservative treatment with burnt oil was efficient, to provide the woods a greater biological resistance, especially the use of the oil with lower viscosity (SAE 10). The higher retention rates and low mass loss due to biological deterioration were obtained when employing the burnt oil SAE 10, and on the other hand also showed the highest rates of leaching. Keywords: wood preservation, simple immersion, oily preservative, tropical wood. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v04n03a04

O tratamento de acetilação é um processo químico de modificação da madeira que visa melhorar algumas das suas propriedades, agregando maior valor ao produto final. Deste modo, objetivou-se avaliar as propriedades físicas, mecânicas e biológicas da madeira acetilada de Trattinnickia burserifolia Mart. (amescla). Os tratamentos de acetilação efetuaram-se por imersão em anidrido acético durante dois períodos de tempo – 3 e 6 horas – com temperatura constante de 80ºC. O tempo de tratamento de acetilação influenciou significativamente no ganho de massa da madeira, sendo verificados os maiores valores para o tratamento de 6 horas. Por outro lado, a massa específica não foi influenciada significativamente pelo tempo de tratamento. Na absorção em água e retratibilidade volumétrica, após o tempo de 2 horas, 24 horas e saturação total, o tratamento de 6 horas foi o mais eficaz. Na propriedade mecânica de dureza Rockwell, evidenciou-se que a madeira tratada apresentou maiores valores de resistência mecânica. A acetilação da madeira de amescla proporcionou aumento da resistência biológica ao ataque de cupins xilófagos.Palavras-chave: modificação química; qualidade da madeira; madeira tropical. TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AMESCLA WOOD SUBMITTED TO ACETYLATION TREATMENT ABSTRACT: The acetylation treatment is a chemical process of wood modification that aims to improve some of its properties, adding more value for the final product. In this way, this study aimed to evaluate the physical, mechanical and biological properties of the amescla wood. The acetylation treatment was performed by immersion in acetic anhydride over two time periods – 3 and 6 hours – with a constant temperature of 80°C. The time period of acetylation influenced significantly in the WPG (weight percentual gain) of the wood, and the highest values were noticed for the 6 hours treatment. On the other hand, the density was not significantly influenced by the treatment time. In water absorption and volumetric swelling after 2 hours, 24 hours and full saturation, the 6 hours treatment was most effective. The mechanical property of Rockwell hardness demonstrated that the treated wood had higher mechanical strength values. The acetylation of amescla wood has provided increased biological resistance to xylophagous termites.Keywords: chemical modification; wood quality; tropical wood.

COLORIMETRIA E RUGOSIDADE SUPERFICIAL DE TRES MADEIRAS AMAZONICAS SUBMETIDAS AO INTEMPERISMO NATURAL This study aimed to evaluate the color and surface roughness of the wood of three Amazonian species submitted to natural weathering. For this purpose, samples of Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J. F. Macbr., Erisma uncinatum Warm and Parkia pendula (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp., with dimensions of 1 x 2 x 30 cm (thickness, width and length, respectively), were exposed to natural weathering without contact with the soil for 240 days. The colorimetric characterization was performed by means of a colorimeter, and the parameters were L*, a*, b*, C*, h and ∆E. The roughness was determined with the aid of a profilometer of surface roughness, and the parameters Ra, Rz and Rt were evaluated. The wood exposed to natural weathering presented darkened (grayish color) surface, resulting from the reduction of colorimetric parameters L*, a* and b*. The Parkia pendula wood presented the greatest total variation of color in comparison to Apuleia leiocarpa and Erisma uncinatum . The parameters Ra, Rz and Rt showed an increase during the time of exposure of the woods to the natural weathering, in which Erisma uncinatum wood presented the roughest surface in comparison to the other species. Palavras-chave : ensaio de campo, deterioracao da madeira, madeira tropical, qualidade da madeira. ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the color and surface roughness of the wood of three Amazonian species submitted to natural weathering. For this purpose, samples of Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J. F. Macbr., Erisma uncinatum Warm and Parkia pendula (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp., with dimensions of 1 x 2 x 30 cm (thickness, width and length, respectively), were exposed to natural weathering without contact with the soil for 240 days. The colorimetric characterization was performed by means of a colorimeter, and the parameters were L*, a*, b*, C*, h and ∆E. The roughness was determined with the aid of a profilometer of surface roughness, and the parameters Ra, Rz and Rt were evaluated. The wood exposed to natural weathering presented darkened (grayish color) surface, resulting from the reduction of colorimetric parameters L*, a* and b*. The Parkia pendula wood presented the greatest total variation of color in comparison to Apuleia leiocarpa and Erisma uncinatum . The parameters Ra, Rz and Rt showed an increase during the time of exposure of the woods to the natural weathering, in which Erisma uncinatum wood presented the roughest surface in comparison to the other species. Keywords : field trial, deterioration of wood, tropical wood, wood quality. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v04n05a06