1. Mechanisms of HIV Transcriptional Regulation and Their Contribution to Latency.
- Author
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Schiralli Lester, Gillian M. and Henderson, Andrew J.
- Subjects
- *
HIV infections , *THERAPEUTICS , *VIRAL replication , *GENE regulatory networks , *ANTIRETROVIRAL agents , *VIRAL latency-associated transcript protein , *T cells , *ELONGATION factors (Biochemistry) - Abstract
Long-lived latent HIV-infected cells lead to the rebound of virus replication following antiretroviral treatment interruption and present a major barrier to eliminating HIV infection. These latent reservoirs, which include quiescent memory T cells and tissueresident macrophages, represent a subset of cells with decreased or inactive proviral transcription. HIV proviral transcription is regulated at multiple levels including transcription initiation, polymerase recruitment, transcription elongation, and chromatin organization. How these biochemical processes are coordinated and their potential role in repressing HIV transcription along with establishing and maintaining latency are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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