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In the scenarios of specific conditions and crises such as the coronavirus pandemic, the availability of e-learning ecosystem elements is further highlighted. The growing importance for securing such an ecosystem can be seen from DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks on e-learning components of the Croatian e-learning system. The negative impact of the conducted attack is visible in numerous users who were prevented from participating in and implementing the planned teaching process. Network anomalies such as conducted DDoS attacks were identified as one of the crucial threats to the e-learning systems. In this paper, an overview of the network anomaly phenomenon was given and botnets' role in generating DDoS attacks, especially IoT device impact. The paper analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the e-learning systems in Croatia. Based on the conclusions, a research methodology has been proposed to develop a cyber-threat detection model that considers the specifics of the application of e-learning systems in crisis, distinguishing flash crowd events from anomalies in the communication network. The proposed methodology includes establishing a theoretical basis on DDoS and flash crowd event traffic, defining a laboratory testbed setup for data acquisition, development of DDoS detection model, and testing the applicability of the developed model on the case study. The implementation of the proposed methodology can improve the quality of the teaching process through timely DDoS detection and it gives other socio-economic contributions such as developing a specific research domain, publicly available dataset of network traffic, and raising the cyber-security of the e-learning systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a broad concept that encompasses a variety of technologies and applications. As a result, having a comprehensive understanding of the future developments and deployment of this concept in various lateral and vertical markets and following future trend projections is critical. In this way, future studies might focus on numerous issues in areas where the Internet of Things is most widely used. This study focuses on the smart home setting, one of the most prevalent and fastest-growing applications of the Internet of Things idea. This field's current and future growth tendencies have been proven in many categories and capabilities of IoT devices such as comfort and lighting, energy, security, monitoring, media, and household appliances. The number of devices in use, houses with at least one IoT device, total revenue, and market value are increasing. With the positive growth trend of the smart home, the concept of cybersecurity is becoming one of the most critical issues whose overview we included in this research. Research results indicate several cybersecurity challenges raised due to the fast-growing trend of smart home concept that needs to be addressed in the future to prevent users' privacy and usability of various end devices in such environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of people who use the Internet daily is steadily increasing. It makes daily chores easier and faster to do, but it also increases the danger of cyberattacks. Web-based solutions are frequently used to connect with manufacturing process monitoring, management, and supply chain communication in contemporary manufacturing systems and under Industry 4.0. Cross-Site Scripting assaults are one of the most widespread cyberattacks (XSS) forms. XSS attacks are examined in this study to provide a good foundation for attack simulation. The simulation was carried out with the help of the BeEF XSS framework. A basic HTML web page was developed to construct the malicious script for the simulation. The simulation data were gathered and evaluated to provide guidelines for preventing XSS attacks on end-users and Industry 4.0-like systems. This study provides reliable recommendations for improving end-user resilience against XSS attacks, which can help to mitigate the harmful impact of such attacks on Industry 4.0 systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]