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The climbing plant Cynanchum rostellatum (Turcz.) Liede & Khanum is widely distributed throughout Korea and Northeast Asia as a member of the Apocynaceae family. Although this plant has a high value in medicinal and industrial purposes, genetic research on this plant is insufficient. This study announces the complete plastid genome (plastome) sequence of C. rostellatum with 663× mean coverage, which was assembled using 763 Mbp short-read data generated by the Illumina HiSeq X platform. The C. rostellatum plastome was 158,018 bp in length and displayed the typical quadripartite structure composed of the large single-copy (LSC) region (89,058 bp), the small single-copy (SSC) region (18,718 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (25,116 bp). A total of 129 genes have been annotated, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and eight ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the genus Cynanchum including 12 Cynanchum plastome sequences, was monophyletic and was located within the sub-family Asclepiadoideae. Two C. rostellatum plastomes, including the plastome assembled in this study, formed a subclade and were sister to the C. thesioides plastome, whereas the other C. rostellatum , which was previously reported one, was located within the clade of C. wilfordii and C. bungei ., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Peucedanum hakuunense Nakai is one of the rare species in the Korean Peninsula. This study characterized the complete plastid genome (plastome) sequence of P. hakuunense by de novo assembly with next-generation sequencing data. The complete plastome of P. hakuunense is 147,426 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure comprising a large single-copy region of 91,915 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,425 bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 19,043 bp in length. The plastome of P. hakuunense is composed of 85 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that two Peucedanum species formed an independent subclade, sister to the subclade of Angelica species within the tribe Selineae., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Complete plastid genome (plastome) and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of three Rubus accessions (two Rubus longisepalus and one R. hirsutus ) were newly assembled using Illumina whole-genome sequences. Rubus longisepalus Nakai and R. longisepalus var. tozawai, described as different varieties, have identical plastomes and rDNA sequences. The plastomes are 155,957 bp and 156,005 bp and the 45S rDNA transcription unit sizes are 5809 bp and 5811 bp in R. longisepalus and R. hirsutus , respectively. The 5S rDNA transcription unit is an identical 121 bp in three Rubus accessions. We developed three DNA markers to authenticate R. longisepalus and R. hirsutus based on plastome diversity. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that the Rubus species classified as two clades and R. longisepalus , R. hirsutus , and R. chingii are the most closely related species in clade 1., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no competing interests., (© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Epimedium pubescens Maxim. is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine herb. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of E. pubescens was sequenced. The genome was 158 956 bp in length, with a large single-copy region of 86,345 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,075 bp, and 2 inverted repeat regions of 27,768 bp. The genome consisted of 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. The GC contents were 38.82%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E. pubescens of series Brachyrcerae was firstly clustered with E. acumiantum Franch. of ser. Dolichocerae , but not with E. brevicornu Maxim. from the same series., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Liriope platyphylla is herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Asparagaceae family and widely used both as ornamental plant and herbal medicine. The complete chloroplast genome of L. platyphylla was 156,754 bp in length, which was composed of four distinct parts; a large single copy (LSC) of 85,118 bp, a small single copy (SSC) of 18,680 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 26,478 bp. A total of 130 genes including 83 protein-coding genes, 39 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes were identified. The phylogenetic tree showed that L. platyphylla has a close relationship with other Nolinoideae plants, especially with Maianthemum dilatatum and Nolina atopocarpa., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors., (© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Mahonia eurybracteata subsp. ganpinensis (H.Lév.) T.S.Ying & Boufford. is an evergreen shrub of Berberidaceae and has the potentials for horticultural and medicinal development. In the present paper, the complete chloroplast genome of Mahonia eurybracteata subsp. ganpinensis (H.Lév.) T.S.Ying & Boufford. was sequenced. The complete chloroplast genome was 165,562 bp in length, containing a large single copy region (73,394 bp), a small single copy region (18,698 bp) and two inverted repeat regions (36,735 bp). The genome consisted of 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that M. eurybracteata subsp. ganpinensis and M. bealei were firstly clustered into a branch and the two Mahonia species were most closely related to the genus Berberis of Berberidaceae., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. The authors declare that they do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted., (© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Magic Lily ( Lycoris squamigera ), belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family, is cultivated for ornamental and medicinal purposes. To characterize its genomic information, we obtained the complete chloroplast genome sequence of L. squamigera by assembling Illumina whole genome sequence data. The complete chloroplast genome is 158,482 bp in length which is composed of four unique regions, a large single copy region (LSC) of 86,454 bp, a small single copy region (SSC) of 18,500 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IR) of 26,764 bp. The genome annotation predicted 159 genes including 105 protein-coding genes, 46 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that L. squamigera clustered with Allium species belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors., (© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Hosta capitata (Koidz.) Nakai is an herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Asparagaceae family and has become a popular ornamental plant. In this study, the chloroplast genome sequence of H. capitata was completed by de novo assembly with whole genome sequence data. The chloroplast genome of H. capitata is 156,416 bp in length, which is composed of a large single-copy (LSC) of 84,788 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) of 18,206 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 26,711 bp, as four distinct parts. In total, 114 genes were identified including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that H. capitata has a close relationship with other Hosta species, H. minor and H. ventricosa , but is farther than the distance between them., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors., (© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Lonicera japonica is a traditional medicinal plant well known for its anti-inflammatory effect. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of L. japonica collected from Korea was obtained by de novo assembly using whole genome sequence data. The chloroplast genome is 155,060 bp in length, containing 88,853 bp in a large single copy (LSC), 18,653 bp in a small single copy (SSC) and 23,777 bp in a pair of inverted repeats (IRs). A total of 112 genes including 78 protein-coding genes and 34 structural RNA genes were identified. The sequence comparison of two L. japonica collected from Korea and China revealed 48 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 45 insertions/deletions (InDels). In addition, phylogenetic analysis represented intraspecific diversity within L. japonica species collected in Korea and China., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article., (© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Plagiorhegma dubia Maxim. is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb from Plagiorhegma , Berberidaceae, which is distributed in the northeast of China, Korea, Russia. The complete chloroplast genome is 152,468 bp in length, with large single copy (LSC 82,257 bp) and small single copy (SSC 16,599 bp) regions separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IR 26 805 bp). The genome has a total of 113 genes including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis shows that P. dubia is closely related with Sinopodophyllum hexandrum and Epimedium species. The results are of great implication for the development and utilization of P. dubia and the phylogenetic researches on Berberidaceae., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus var. sativus ) is one of the economically important vegetable crops. In this study, we characterized the complete chloroplast genome sequence of inbred line ID YHB bred from Korean solid green-type cucumber variety, through de novo assembly using next-generation sequencing. The chloroplast genome is 155,501 bp long and has typical quadripartite structures and gene contents as found in reported cucumber chloroplast genomes. Interestingly, sequence comparison revealed a novel 24-bp deletion present only in the chloroplast genome of the inbred line. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the inbred line was closely grouped with cucumber cultivars., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

In this study, complete chloroplast genome sequences of Rhus chinensis was characterized by de novo assembly using whole genome sequence data. The chloroplast genome of R. chinensis were 149,011bp long, which was comprised of a large single copy region of 96,882 bp, a small single copy region of 18,647bp, and a pair of inverted repeats of 16,741 bp. The genome contained 77 protein-coding genes, four rRNA genes and 30 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic tree revealed that R. chinensis was closely grouped with Spondias species, S. tuberosa and S. bahiensis, belonging to the Anacardiaceae family., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

In this study, complete chloroplast sequences of Artemisia gmelinii and Artemisia capillaris (the Asteraceae family), which have been used as herbal medicine in Korea, were characterized by de novo assembly with whole-genome sequence data. The genomes of A. gmelinii and A. capillaris were 151,318 bp and 151,056 bp in length, respectively. Both genomes harbored identical number of annotated genes, such as 80 protein coding genes, 4 rRNA genes and 30 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic tree revealed that both A. gmelinii and A. capillaris were closely grouped with other Artemisia species., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

In this study, a complete chloroplast genome sequence of Artemisia fukudo (Asteraceae family) was characterized by de novo assembly using whole genome sequence data. The chloroplast genome was 151,011 bp in length, comprising a large single-copy region of 82,751 bp, a small single copy region of 18,348 bp and a pair of inverted repeats of 24,956 bp. The genome contained 80 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes and 30 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic tree revealed that A. fukudo was closely located in other Artemisia species, Artemisia montana and Artemisia frigida ., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Taraxacum platycarpum and Taraxacum mongolicum are perennial plants utilized for medicinal purposes in the family Asteraceae. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of the two species were characterized by de novo assembly with whole genome sequencing data. The chloroplast genomes of T. platycarpum and T. mongolicum were 151,307 and 151,451 bp in length, respectively, and showed a typical quadripartite structure. The chloroplast genomes of both species contained the same number of genes, 79 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two Taraxacum species were grouped with T. officinale , all of which showed sister relationship with Lactuca sativa ., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article. This work was supported by “15172MFDS246” from Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, in 2015, Republic of Korea., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Eclipta prostrata is an herbal medicinal plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. In this study, complete chloroplast genome sequence of the E. prostrata was characterized by de novo assembly using whole genome sequence data. The genome of E. prostrata was 151,757 bp in length, which was composed of large single copy region of 83,285 bp, small single copy region of 18,346 bp and a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,063 bp. The genome harboured 80 protein coding sequences, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. We confirmed close taxonomic relationship between E. prostrata and Helianthus annuus through phylogenetic analysis with chloroplast protein-coding genes., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Lilium tsingtauense, known as 'Korean wheel lily' and 'Twilight lily', is a lily species naturally distributed in Korea. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of L. tsingtauense was obtained by de novo assembly using whole-genome next-generation sequencing data. The chloroplast genome of L. tsingtauense was 152,710 bp in length and consisted of four distinct regions, such as large single-copy region (82,059 bp), small single-copy region (17,619 bp) and a pair of inverted repeat regions (26,516 bp). The genome contained a total of 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis with the reported chloroplast genomes revealed that L. tsingtauense is most closely related to Lilium hansonii , a lily species native to Korea., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)

Capsicum chinense is one of the domesticated pepper species and well known for its distinctive pungency. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of C. chinense was generated by de novo assembly using next generation sequencing data. The chloroplast genome is 156 807 bp long, containing large single-copy region of 87 290 bp and small single-copy region of 17 911 bp separated by a pair of inverted repeats of 25 803 bp. A total of 113 genes were predicted including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that C. chinense chloroplast genome was most closely related to Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum (American bird pepper), a wild progenitor of C. annuum ., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. This research was supported by “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project no. PJ01114501)” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)

Taraxacum officinale is a distributed weedy plant used as a traditional medicinal herb belonging to the family Asteraceae. The complete chloroplast genome of T. officinale was generated by de novo assembly with whole genome sequence data. The chloroplast genome was 151 324 bp in length, which consisted of a large single copy region of 83 895 bp and a short single copy region of 18 549 bp separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions of 24 440 bp. The chloroplast genome contained 79 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that T. officinale was closely related to Lactuca sativa ., Competing Interests: The authors report that they have no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)

De novo assembly with whole genome sequencing data of Hydrangea serrata for. fertilis , a great ornamental landscape plant species worldwide, facilitated to generate the complete chloroplast genome sequence in this study. The complete sequence was a circular DNA molecule of 157 730 bp in length, containing the large single-copy (LSC) region of 86 789 bp, small single-copy (SSC) region of 18 711 bp and two inverted repeats (IRs) regions of 26 115 bp. The genome encoded 114 genes consisting of 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis with matK gene-coding sequences of 19 species in family Hydrangeaceae showed a close relationship of H. serrata for. fertilis Nakai with H. macrophylla ., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)

We report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of the important nutritious millet crop Indian barnyard millet, Echinochloa frumentacea Link (Poaceae). The size of the circular chloroplast genome is 139 593 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure, containing pair of inverted repeats of 22 618 bp, flanked by large single copy and small single copy regions of 81 839 bp, 12 518 bp, respectively. Overall GC content of the genome was 38.6% and consists of 112 individual genes, including 77 protein coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, four rRNA genes and one conserved open reading frame. In addition, phylogenetic analysis with grass species has revealed that E. frumentacea is diverged around 1.9-2.7 million years with its close relatives, E. oryzicola and E. crus-galli ., Competing Interests: None of the authors report any conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. This research was supported by the Golden Seed Project (Center for Horticultural Seed Development, No. 213003-04-3-SB430), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF), Rural Development Administration (RDA) and Korea Forest Service (KFS)., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)

A Citrus hybrid, Hallabong mandarin, is a major Citrus tree largely cultivated in Korea. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Hallabong mandarin was characterized by de novo assembly using whole genome next generation sequences. The chloroplast genome was 160 703 bp in length and separated into four distinct regions such as large single copy region (87 922 bp), small single copy region (18 801 bp) and a pair of inverted repeat regions (26 990 bp). The genome contained a total of 114 genes including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic inference using chloroplast genome sequences revealed that Hallabong mandarin was close to Citrus aurantiifolia (Omani lime) and Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)

We characterized the complete chloroplast genome sequence of Ligularia fischeri , a collection from Halla Mountain in Jeju Island, Korea. The plants are utilized as edible functional plant species harbouring useful antioxidant compounds in family Asteraceae. De novo assembly with whole genome sequencing data of L. fischeri completed the chloroplast genome of 151 133 bp long, which included two inverted repeats (IRs) blocks of 24 831 bp, separated by the large single-copy block of 83 238 bp and small single-copy block of 18 233 bp. The genome encoded 113 genes consisting of 80 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis with protein coding gene sequences of reported Asteraceae chloroplast genomes revealed a close relationship of L. fischeri with Jacobaea vulgaris , a weed species world-widely distributed., (© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.)