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The Alpine musk deer ( Moschus chrysogaster) is an endangered species, which is distributed on the plateau and mountains, mainly in Neimenggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Xinjiang, and other places. In this study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of M. chrysogaster. The circle genome was 16,354 bp and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 1 control region (CR). The CR was located between the tRNAPro and tRNAPhe genes and is 924 bp in length. Overall base composition of the complete mitochondrial DNA was 34.0% A, 28.0% T, 25.1% C, and 12.9% G. The M. chrysogaster mitochondrial genome had 21 tRNA genes folded in the typical cloverleaf structure, with a unique exception of tRNASer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Anhui musk deer ( Moschus anhuiensis) is an endangered species which is endemic to a narrow region in two National Nature Reserves in Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province, China. In this study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of M. anhuiensis. The results showed that the total length of the mitogenome was 16,351 bp as a circular DNA and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 control region. Overall base composition of the complete mitochondrial DNA was 34.0% A, 28.1% T, 25.0% C, and 12.9% G. The M. anhuiensis mitochondrial genome had 21 tRNA genes folded in the typical cloverleaf structure, with a unique exception of tRNASer. The mitochondrial genes from M. anhuiensis were overlapped in a total of 72 bp at seven locations, as well as interleaved with a total of 62 bp intergenic spacers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mitochondrial DNA of Naumann’s thrushTurdus naumanni(Passeriformes: Turdidae) is 16,750 bp long with A + T contents of 52.79%. It has typical circular mitochondrial genomes that encode the complete set of 37 genes which are usually found in birds. All protein-coding genes use the standard mitochondrial initiation codon ATG, except for ND2 and COI start with GTG. TAN is the most frequent stop codon, and AGN and T– – are also occurred very common. All tRNAs possess the classic clover leaf secondary structure except for tRNASer(AGN)and tRNALys(CUN), which lack the “DHU” stem, only forming a simple loop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predatory carpChanodichthys erythropterusis a small-sized economic cyprinid fish distributed in East Asia. We sequenced its complete mitochondrial genome by PCR-based method. The mitochondrial DNA is packaged in a compact 16,629 base pair (bp) circular molecule with A + T content of 56.1%. It contains 22 transfer RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and the non-coding control region (D-loop). All PCGs are initiated by ATG codons, except for COI, which uses GTG as its start codon. Of the 13 PCGs, 12 stop with TAA and TAG, while Cyt b uses incomplete termination codon T. All tRNAs possess the classic cloverleaf secondary structure except for tRNASer(AGN), which lacks the ‘‘DHU’’ stem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cygnus columbianus jankowskiiis a subspecies of Tundra swan, which breeds in eastern Russia and northeast China, wintering in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In this study, we used PCR-based method to obtain the complete mtDNA of this subspecies. The arrangement pattern of the complete mtDNA is identical with typical bird species, which is the shortest (16,723 bp) in three subspecies. The length of the PCGs is same except ND2, ND3 and ND6, and the initiation/termination codons are all same with other subspecies. The length of 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA is same withC. c. columbianus, but different fromC. c. bewickii. The length and structure of all tRNAs are the same with other subspecies except for tRNAIle, tRNAleu(CUN)and tRNAser(AGY). The control region is located between tRNAPheand tRNAGlu, but the length is different with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yellow-browed warbler Phylloscopus inornatus inornatus (Passeriformes: Sylviidae) is a small insectivorous leaf-gleaning bird which breeds in forests of the east Palaearctic. In this study, we used PCR-based method to determine the complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of this warbler species. The complete mtDNA is a 16,875 bp circular molecule, containing 37 typical genes and an extra pseudo-control region. The gene order differs from the standard gene order in birds, but similar to genus Sylvia and Acrocephalus, which has the remnant CR2 gene order. All protein-coding genes start with a typical ATG codon. The termination codon is usually the standard TAA, but may be TAG (Cyt b and ND6), AGG (COI) or incomplete T-(COIII and ND4). All tRNAs have the typical clover-leaf structure, except the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm of tRNASer (AGN) and tRNALys (CUN), which forms a simple loop. The non-coding region contains some intergenic spacers, a control region and an extra pseudo-control region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we report the complete mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence from Cinereous vulture Aegypius monachus, a large raptorial bird species of Falconiformes. The mtDNA is a 17,811-bp circular molecule with a total A + T content of 54.03%. The mitochondrial genome contains 37 genes and an extra pseudo-control region. The gene arrangement pattern is identical to Buteo and Falco, which has remnant CR2 gene order. All protein-coding genes use the standard mitochondrial initiation codon ATN, except for COI start with GTG. Of the 13 protein coding genes, 11 stop with TAN, the COI and ND1 stop with AGG. All tRNAs possess the classic clover-leaf secondary structure except for tRNASer (AGN) and tRNALys (CUN), which lacks the "DHU" stem, only forming a simple loop. The non-coding region contains some intergenic spacers, a control region and an extra pseudo-control region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mitochondrial genome of Brown wood owl is a 16,308-bp circular molecule, which contains 37 typical mitochondrial genes (13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs) and a 741-bp A + T-rich region. Its gene arrangement pattern is identical with typical bird species. All protein-coding genes start with an ATG codon. TAA is the most frequent stop codon, and TAG and T- are also occurred very common. The mtDNA sequence contains 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA of rRNA. Except for tRNASer (AGY) and tRNALeu (CUN) without the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm, all tRNAs could be folded into canonical cloverleaf secondary structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]