Ventral glands are found in the cloacal walls of male urodele amphibians except for sirenids. These glands are mucous, and secrete substances that will form part of the spermatophore used in transfer of sperm during fertilization. Ventral glands are formed by secretory and ductal portions; both possess epithelial and myoepithelial cells with different characteristics. Urodeles have cyclic reproduction, and cloacal ventral glands show seasonal differences with electron microscopy. The glycoproteins secreted by these glands have been studied by means of lectin histochemistry. The labeling was detected mainly in the nuclei, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, and cytosol. Secretory granules in these glands are composed by mucous glycoproteins that bind PNA lectin (which binds galactose) and SBA and HPA lectins (N‐acetylgalactosamine), UEA‐I (fucose), and LcA (glucose and/or mannose). These findings suggest that the mucins secreted by ventral glands contain both N‐ and O‐linked oligosaccharides. Ventral glands secrete higher quantity and more diverse mucous substances in the reproductive period, as confirmed by lectin‐histochemical reactions. Based on these results, the major similarity between ventral cloacal glands and accessory mammalian glands, can be established with bulbourethral glands. Microsc. Res. Tech. 45:122–129, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.