1. System Microscopy of Stress Response Pathways in Cholestasis Research
- Author
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Bob van de Water, Bas ter Braak, Johannes P Schimming, Marije Niemeijer, and Steven Wink
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Programmed cell death ,Gene knockdown ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cytokine ,Cholestasis ,Live cell imaging ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cellular stress response ,medicine ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Exposure to oxidative radical species and cytokine-mediated inflammatory stress are established contributors to hepatocyte cell death during cholestasis. Cellular counter measures against those stressors are called adaptive stress response pathways. While in early stages of the disease adaptive stress pathways protect the hepatocytes, in later stages during prolonged stressed conditions they fail. The quantitative imaging-based assessment of cellular stress response pathways using the HepG2 BAC-GFP response reporter platform is a powerful strategy to evaluate the impact of chemical substances and gene knockdown on activation of adaptive stress response pathways, hence allowing systematic screening for positive or negative influences on cholestasis progression. This protocol allows the application of a highly versatile screening tool for a systematic evaluation of the effect of compounds having cholestasis liability and affected genes during cholestatic injury on cellular adaptive stress pathway activation. The approach involves high-throughput live-cell visualization of GFP-tagged key proteins of the oxidative stress response/Nrf2 pathway and inflammatory cytokine signaling. Quantitative image analysis of temporal responses of individual cells is followed by informatics analysis. The overall practical approaches are discussed in this chapter.
- Published
- 2019
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