1. Differential effects of glucose and alcohol on reactive oxygen species generation and intranuclear nuclear factor-κB in mononuclear cells
- Author
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Paresh Dandona, Sandeep Dhindsa, Tufail Syed, Husam Ghanim, Ahmad Aljada, Devjit Tripathy, and Priya Mohanty
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Calorie ,Neutrophils ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ,Alcohol ,Cell Separation ,medicine.disease_cause ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Oxygen ,Monocytes ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Ingestion ,Cell Nucleus ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Ethanol ,NF-kappa B ,Central Nervous System Depressants ,Glucose ,chemistry ,Female ,Inflammation Mediators ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
It has previously been shown that oral intake of 300 calories of glucose (75 g), lipid, or protein increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by polymorphonuclear cells (PMNL) and mononuclear cells (MNCs). We investigated the effects of 75 g glucose on proinflammatory transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), in mononuclear cells. To further investigate whether the effects of macronutrient-induced oxidative stress are due to consumption of calories or are nutrient specific, we investigated the effects of acute oral challenge of equicaloric amounts of alcohol (300 calories) on ROS generation and NF-kappaB activation in MNCs and PMNL and compared them with those of glucose and water (control). Sixteen normal healthy adult volunteers were given either vodka (10 subjects), glucose solution (10 subjects), or 300 mL water (7 subjects). Vodka and glucose drinks were equivalent to 300 calories. We measured ROS generation and intranuclear NF-kappaB activation by PMNL cells and MNCs at 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours following ingestion. ROS generation by both MNC and PMNL increased significantly (P
- Published
- 2004