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3-Aryl-4-methylpyrrole-2-carboxylates were prepared via the Barton–Zard reaction using pseudonitrosites as a source of the corresponding nitroalkenes. The starting pseudonitrosites were, in turn, obtained via addition of N2O3 to propenylbenzenes available from the natural plant essential oils.

Up to the present time, the equation of state remains one of the central problems of science. A survey of recent work on a new thermodynamic approach to derive an equation of state for three- and two-dimensional systems of any nature is given; the best known equations of state acquire their location in the resultant hierarchy of approximations, and more precise equations of state are derived.

The spectrophotometric and luminescence studies on branched oligophenylenefluorenes have shown that the incorporation of n-octyl groups to the 9-position of the fluorene moiety does not interrupt the conjugation of internodal luminophore moieties, and there is also no aggregation or excimer emission both for functionalized and nonfunctionalized macromolecules in solution.

A phenomenological theory explaining strain caused by surface tension and the pressure tensor of adsorbate in porous bodies is formulated.

The general mechanical equilibrium condition for an element of an arbitrarily curved incompletely developed interface is derived and applied to free and wetting films of distinct and variable local thickness with overlapping surface layers.

For small clusters composed of 125 or more water molecules there is an inner range where the local energy is approximately constant and equal to the bulk phase value whereas the pressure tensor remains anisotropic and has position-dependent components, even for clusters of 256 water molecules.

A simple method of finding the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and the degree of counterion binding of surfactant micelles from the experimental dependence of the activity coefficient, the osmotic coefficient and the vapour-pressure lowering of a surfactant solution on concentration is described.

A general method for the synthesis of l,3-diaryloxy-5-nitrobenzenes by the condensation of phenols with 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene or aryl 3,5-dinitrophenyl ethers in the presence of solid K2CO3 in amide-type dipolar aprotic solvents has been developed.

A new method is proposed for studying the foaminess of surfactant solutions. The method is based on the determination of the stability of the foam monolayer in contact with the solution surface. Data on the foaminess of an aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate solution are reported.

Aggregative or concentration chirality has been discovered in the process of micellization of ionic surfactants.

A difference in corrosion rates on the concave and convex sides of a bent carbon steel plate exhibits the mechanochemical effect of the strain sign as a new discovery in the field of corrosion under stress.

The expression for the film elasticity modulus is deduced including both the Gibbs elasticity and disjoining pressure contributions and explaining a peak of foam stability near the critical micelle concentration discovered earlier in experiments.

A precise equation of state of a monolayer for the entire range of surface densities is derived as the third approximation of the theory of excluded area using a database for the model of hard disks.

The transversal elasticity modulus and the film thickness have been measured in an equilibrium foam by an optical method to verify the theoretical prediction of the behaviour of these properties near the critical micelle concentration.

A newly developed thermodynamic approach based on excluded volume is applied to the classical hard-sphere fluid to derive a new precise equation of state for the entire density range.

A thermodynamic approach based on the analysis of an excluded volume results in a general state equation, including the Planck and van der Waals equations as particular cases, and a new precise state equation.

The recent theory of an equation of state of a fluid mixture is improved by choosing the exclusion factor in the gaseous region as dependent on the mixture composition.

A general master equation accounting for the concentration dependence of the excluded area is presented, whose particular results are the two-dimensional van der Waals equation of state as the first approximation and a new much more precise state equation as the second approximation.

The surface curvature dependence of pure dynamic surface energy and surface tension has been derived for a non-polar nanoparticle, the dependence containing no linear term. The effect of entropy and surface structure explains the only slight curvature dependence of real surface tension in the case of non-polar matter.

The derived general equation of state corrects the classical equations by van Laar and Frumkin and accounts for the effect of molecular orientation in a surfactant interfacial monolayer.

A general form of the Laplace equation has been derived using non-diagonal tensors for pressure and surface tension typical of non-spherical interfaces in external fields.

The line tension of Plateau borders is introduced and a general equation for the capillary pressure in a foam is derived, allowing for line tension and including the case of thin films typical of polyhedral foams and emulsions.

Depending on the conditions, polyfluorinated alcohols RfCH2OH [Rf = CF3, H(CF2)n; n = 2, 4, 6, 8] replace one or two nitro groups in 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in the presence of K2CO3 in N-methylpyrrolidone to give the previously unknown 1-polyfluoro-alkoxy-3,5-dinitrobenzenes or 1,3-di(polyfluoroalkoxy)-5-nitrobenzenes; the reaction is successful due to the high acidity of RfCH2OH (pKa≅12).

We have found the mutual effect of deliquescence, micellization and adsorption on the value of the vapour chemical potential at the threshold for barrierless condensation on soluble surfactant particles; the results are presented in the form of a curve of the threshold value versus initial size of the dry surfactant particles serving as the centres of condensation.

The generalized Young equation allowing for the roughness of the three-phase contact line has been derived and applied to an explanation of experimental results on the contact angle anisotropy of a sessile drop on deformed elastomers.

A new method for studying foam stability has been developed based on the evolution time for foam cells at a given horizontal level; the optical experimental technique and results for aqueous sodium dodecylsulfate are described.

A new thermodynamic approach based on the exclusion factor is applied to the binary mixture of hard spheres with the size ratio 0.2 and the mole fraction of larger spheres 0.064 to derive a precise equation of state adjusted to computer simulation data.

The influence of the surface activity of nuclear matter on the vapour chemical potential at the threshold of barrierless heterogeneous nucleation has been analysed taking into account the lateral interactions in the adsorbed monolayer of nuclear matter on the drop surface; the results obtained are valid within a wide size range for a condensation nucleus soluble in the drop arising on the nucleus from a vapour.

A new technique for measuring the surface and interfacial tension of liquids, the method of touching drops, has been elaborated. The method requires the measurement of only a single parameter, the height of one of the drops formed and is suitable for studying surfactant solutions. The theoretical grounding of the method, the apparatus construction, and the experimental procedure are described.

A general method for the synthesis of 3,5-dinitrophenyl aryl ethers by condensation of phenols with 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in the presence of solid K2CO3 in dipolar aprotic amide-type solvents has been elaborated.

The conditions of phase equilibrium for particles of an aggregative polydisperse system are considered. It is shown that only stationary points in the equilibrium distribution curve satisfy simultaneously the conditions of aggregative equilibrium and phase equilibrium. At other points, the curve shape determines the change of the chemical potential corresponding to the phase equilibrium.

New two- and three-dimensional equations of state are used to deduce the ratio between the two- and three-dimensional critical temperatures as 0.455 against the known value 0.5.