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Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Although the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is still used as a diagnostic and screening test, there are some controversies about its performance for the differentiation of high-risk cancer from low-risk cancer at an early stage. The Gleason grading system for the pathological grading of prostatic adenocarcinoma is based on the architectural patterns of prostatic glands and it is one of the major predictors of prostate cancer prognosis and clinical management. This study aimed to investigate the concordance between histopathological prognostic findings from prostate needle biopsy samples and serum PSA levels. This retrospective study included data from 150 patients with histopathologically diagnosed as prostatic adenocarcinoma. All patients underwent multi-core transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy because of elevated PSA. Pathological data were classified as high-grade (≥7, 4+3) and low-grade (≤7, 3+4) based on the Gleason score values. Laboratory data were classified as high-risk (>10 ng/mL) and low-risk (≤10 ng/mL) based on the PSA levels. Ninety three (62%) patients had PSA >10 ng/mL. Seventy patients (46.7%) had Gleason score ≥7 (4+3). Age, tumor volume, PSA levels, and the number of tumor-positive cores were significantly higher in the tumors with Gleason score ≥7 (4+3). Tumor volume, Gleason score, and the number of tumor-positive cores were significantly higher in the tumors with PSA >10 ng/mL. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) positivity were more often in the high-grade and high-risk tumors. Age, tumor volume, PSA, and the number of tumor-positive cores showed a significant positive correlation with the Gleason score and tumor volume. The cut-off values of PSA (Gleason score ≤7 vs ≥7) was 15.45 ng/mL with AUC=0.882 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.82 to 0.94), sensitivity was 87% (95% CI: 0.76 to 0.94), specificity was 81% (95% CI: 0.69 to 0.88), and likelihood ratio was 4.4. [Med-Science 2019; 8(1.000): 211-7]

Agricultural accidents are important for Turkey as more than 20 million people are involved in agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate orthopaedic lower limp injuries related to hoeing machine from a trauma centre localized in Middle Anatolia Region. 15 patients who hospitalized for hoeing machine were included to study due to lower limp injuries between April 2012 and May 2017. All the medical records were scanned retrospectively to evaluate the demographic, epidemiologic characteristics of patients, cause of accidents, type of injury, duration of hospital stay and also hospital costs were evaluated retrospectively . According to database, fifteen patients were hospitalised for lower limp injuries (14 were male, 1 female). The mean age was 45.2 (19-64) years old. The most frequent injury was tibia fracture (64 %). The mean hospital stay time was 14 days (between 1and 53). The mean cost was 11.140,16 (500 and 27.115,08) Turkish Liras. The rate of knee dislocation was 26 %. Most prevalent injury was tibia fracture. Simple precautions can be effective for preventing this kind of injuries. Meticulous examination is important as the rate of knee dislocation is high in these types of traumas. [Med-Science 2019; 8(1.000): 7-10]

In this study, it is aimed to estimate not just the uncertainty measurement for the parameters of glucose and insulin having role when calculating HOMA-IR, but also true positiveness and negativeness in terms of cut-off values. The evaluation of the acceptability of the uncertainty value was also among the goals of the study. The uncertainty measurement for glucose and insulin is calculated as uncertainty measurement of HOMA-IR based on Eurochem/CITAC Guide CG 4. The uncertainty measurement for glucose and insulin was estimated as 3.83% and 4.16%, respectively. The measurement uncertainty for the calculated test HOMA-IR was calculated with cut-off values as 27% (0.27). Based on the cut-off value for HOMA-IR of 2.5%, IR(+) and IR(-) patients were 155 and 265, respectively. If the uncertainty measurement for HOMA-IR was added to its calculation, the cut-off value was detected as 2.23-2.77%. We reported the measurement uncertainty of the calculated test HOMA-IR at 95 % CI as 0.27 between 2.23 - 2.77. Especially for the tests used for screening; determination of cut-off values as a range including measurement uncertainty instead of a single value will be more suitable. No data is found in the literature for the calculated test HOMA-IR up to date. [Med-Science 2019; 8(1.000): 32-6]

The approach of family-centered care has benefits like maintaining the bonds between child and family, allowing family to involve in child’s care, and minimizing the negative effects of hospitalization on child and family. This descriptive study was conducted for the purpose of determining the views of nurses working in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) about family-centered care. The population of the study consisted of 53 nurses working in NICU of four hospitals between 1 April and 30 June 2015. In the study, Introductory Information Form and Parent Participation Attitude Scale (PPAS) were used as the data collection tools. In the study, it was determined that 75.4% of the nurses had knowledge about family-centered care, 52.8% paid attention to applying family-centered care, and 60% of the nurses who neglected familycentered care stated that excessive work load posed an obstacle in applying family-centered care. PPAS mean score of the nurses was determined as 84.305.56. There was a statistically significant difference between the educational level of nurses, status of having knowledge about family-centered care and PPAS scores (p0.05). It was observed that as the educational level of nurses, who worked in the most important position in providing family-centered care in NICU, increased and their knowledge about the issue increased, their attitudes advanced positively. In accordance with this result; it is important for hospital administrations to establish policies regarding family-centered care and for nurses to take an active role in this issue. It is recommended to organize in-service training programs to develop the therapeutic communication between nurses and parents.

To compare the clinical outcomes of plate haptic and open-loop haptic toric multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). In this retrospective, comparative clinical trial, two different designs of multifocal toric IOL were implanted in 49 eyes of 38 cases with corneal astigmatism ? 0.75 Diopter (D). The cases that underwent AcrySof IQ restore multifocal toric IOL (Alcon, open-loop-haptic) implantation were assigned to Group1 (n=19) and the cases that underwent Acriva Reviol multifocal toric IOL (VSY, plate-haptic) implantation were assigned to Group 2 (n=30). After surgery, the groups were compared in terms of degree of IOL rotation, residual spherical refraction and astigmatism and uncorrected near and distance visual acuity. With regard to the results of postoperative 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month and 1st year, no difference was determined in terms of uncorrected distance visual acuity, spherical equivalent (SE), degree of astigmatism (CYL), degree of rotation, and uncorrected near visual acuity (p>0.05). Significant increase was determined in all postoperative follow-up periods in terms of the distance and near visual acuity as compared to preoperative values (p0.05). Clinical outcomes of plate haptic Acriva Reviol multifocal toric IOL and open-loop haptic Acrysof IQ multifocal toric IOL are similar. Both types of IOL effectively reduce astigmatism and provide satisfactory uncorrected distance and near visual acuities.