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Rationale: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common primary salivary gland malignancy. Ectopic MEC can occur in any part of the body, however, only 2% to 4% of MEC could be detected in the jaw, which is named intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IMC). IMC is usually a low-grade carcinoma. Uni- or multilocular radiographic lesions should be differential diagnosed with ameloblastoma, odontogenic cysts, and glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC). Radical surgery may prefer for a favorable prognosis. Whereas IMC can recur long after the operation, a long-term follow-up system should be implemented. Owing to its rarity and controversial issues, we report a case report and review the literature to discuss its clinical features, treatments, radiological, and histological characteristics. Patient concerns: The patient presented with a 2-month history of mild pain in the lower left posterior jaw without history of surgery or trauma to the mandible. Diagnoses: Routine postoperative pathology showed that the mass was consistent with a mandibular mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Intervention: Radical surgery and digital mandibular reconstruction were performed. Outcome: Postoperative imaging showed that the height of the mandible and the symmetry of the mandible were satisfactory. The patient was also satisfied with her appearance. Follow-up has been established. Lessons: Effective surgical treatment allows patients to have a favorable prognosis. A long-term follow-up system should be practiced, because local recurrences and regional metastasis could happen even after decades.

Rationale: Intraductal papillomas of the accessory parotid glands are extremely rare benign tumors that are most commonly derived from minor salivary glands and are easily misdiagnosed as other diseases. Studying these lesions by pathology and immunohistochemistry can raise awareness of the disease, reduce the rate of misdiagnosis, and provide more precise treatments. Patient concerns: A 35-year-old man first presented to our hospital with a 6-month history of a painless mass on his left parotid gland. Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed with intraductal papilloma of the accessory parotid gland by pathology and immunohistochemistry. Interventions: The mass was completely resected. Outcomes: After 2 years of postoperative follow-up, the patient recovered well without recurrence. Lessons: Intraductal papilloma of the accessory parotid gland is very rare, and can easily be misdiagnosed as sialadenoma papilliferum, inverted ductal papilloma, or papillary cystadenoma, among others. It is necessary to analyze its pathology and immunohistochemistry in comparison with other diseases. Early excision and long-term follow-up are necessary to provide optimal treatment and to better understand the pathological processes of intraductal papilloma.