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This study evaluated the severe hepatic outcome (SHO) in patients with schizophrenia and viral hepatitis who received antipsychotics. Using the nationwide Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, patients first diagnosed with schizophrenia between 2002 and 2013 were identified. Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia who had viral hepatitis, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), were designated as the viral hepatitis group. A control group without viral hepatitis was matched for age, sex, and index year in a 2:1 ratio. Patients with severe hepatic outcomes before enrollment were excluded. The 2 cohorts were observed until December 31, 2013. The primary endpoint was occurrence of a SHO, including liver cancer, liver failure, liver decompensation, or transplantation. Among the 16,365 patients newly diagnosed with schizophrenia between January 2002 and December 2013, we identified 614 patients with viral hepatitis and 1228 matched patients without viral hepatitis. Of these 1842 patients, 41 (2.22%) developed SHOs, including 26 (4.23%) in the viral hepatitis group and 15 (1.22%) in the control group, during the mean follow-up period of 3.71 ± 2.49 years. Cox proportional hazard analysis indicated that the SHO risk increased by 3.58 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.859–6.754; P

Rational The therapeutic effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been studied, but complications after this treatment have rarely been noted. Patient concerns A 28-year-old man with treatment-resistant OCD received bilateral ventral capsule/ventral striatum stimulation for 12 months. Diagnosis Compulsive skin-picking behavior and infection were noted following 12-month DBS treatment. Intervention We removed the implanted right-side pulse generator. Outcomes The local inflammation and skin-picking behavior gradually improved. The stimulator device was re-implanted 4 months later. Lessons We suggest that patients with the OC spectrum should be evaluated for skin-picking behaviors during presurgical and postsurgical follow-up to reduce the infection and device removal rates.