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[Objective] To research the regulating effects of dragon's blood on the lung injury repair of rats and its mechanism. [Methods] Lung injury repair model of rats was established by dripping the bleomycin into trachea. Rats were given the dragon's blood by gayage during the process of lung injury repair. Lung tissues of rats were collected on the 14th and 28th days. Tissue chip was adopted; HE and collagen staining and immunohistochemical analysis were carried out. The collagen, collagen I and inflammatory cells were quantitatively analyzed. The TGFβ1, mRNA expression of lung tissue was researched by Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative RT-PCR. [Results] Dragon's blood had significant inhibitory effects on the inflammatory degrees of lung tissues and the collagen overdeposition on the two days (P < 0.05); IOD values reduced from (0.549 2 ±0. 210 5) and (0.957 8 ±0. 375 6) to (0.274 9 ±0. 159 2) and (0.318 1 ±0.121 0), respectively. Dragon's blood significantly reduced the TGFβ1, mRNA expression on the two days (P <0.05); and the IOD values decreased from (0.021 9 ±0.011 0) and (0.017 0±0.015 7) to (0.008 3 ±0.002 4) and (0.006 2 ±0.005 1), respectively. [Conclusions] Dragon's blood could restrict the inflammatory injury of lung tissues, promote its repairing, and regulate the excessive repairing of mesenchyme through inhibiting the overdeposition of collagen, especially collagen I. The changes of collagen and collagen I might be related to the expression decrease of TGFβ1, mRNA in lung tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]