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Introduction. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. They are common and serious complications that are affected by various risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of thromboembolic complications and their association with risk factors in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Material and Methods. A retrospective study included 32 patients and the following variables were collected: age, C-reactive protein, beta-2 microglobulin, hemoglobin, platelets, total proteins, nephrotic syndrome, fibrinogen, D-dimer, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, calcium, gender, performance status, type of multiple myeloma, clinical stage, and applied therapy. All variables were compared between two groups of patients: group with thromboembolic complications (deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism), and the group without these complications. Results. The study sample included 18 men and 14 women. The patients? age ranged from 36 to 73 years. Of the 32 patients, 6 had deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, and 2 patients had deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. The only two biomarkers that showed an association with venous thromboembolism in our patients with myeloma were elevated levels of C-reactive protein and D-dimer. Conclusion. The incidence of thromboembolic complications in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma was 25%. When making the diagnosis of myeloma, risk factors that were significantly associated with venous thromboembolism were elevated levels of C-reactive protein and D-dimer. The occurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients with multiple myeloma was not associated with significantly higher mortality compared to patients without venous thromboembolism.

About 40% of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma will develop disease relapse or refractory disease to first-line rituximabcyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone chemotherapy, necessitating second-line therapy. Historically, this consisted of platinum-based chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for patients who were transplant-eligible. But not all patients are eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation and curative treatment options for these patients were limited. The lack of effective treatment options in the relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma had made the prognosis of these patients poor. In recent years there have been several new therapeutic agents approved or pending approval for the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. These treatments include antibody- drug conjugates, novel anti CD19 monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, bispecific antibodies, and selinexor. This paper reviews current strategies and novel therapies for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma.