Search

The model of Johnson and Cook, which includes a viscoplastic flow rule and a damage criterion, is widely used to describe the mechanical behaviour of metallic materials subjected to severe loading conditions, such as those encountered during fabrication operations or impact. This model has been built on empirical, rather than physical, grounds. The present paper therefore aims at revisiting the model of Johnson and Cook from the view point of thermodynamics with internal variables. The interest of this approach is twofold. First, it provides a guide for the construction of a complete thermomechanical constitutive model, with some constitutive relations not only for the stress tensor but also specific internal energy, specific entropy and heat flux vector. Second, it allows highlighting some possible limitations of the original model of Johnson and Cook. Such limitations can be circumvented with an alternative model, which is described in the present work. For illustration purpose, some applications of both the original and alternative models are presented in the final section.

Lien vers la version éditeur: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167663613000288; International audience; To obtain robust estimations of the fatigue limit from energy-based fatigue criteria, constitutive laws must include a correct description of the energy balance when modeling the cyclic behavior. The present paper aims at providing a better understanding of the evolution of the energy balance at both microscopic and macroscopic scales in a medium carbon steel. First, an experimental procedure is used to estimate the amount of energy which is either stored in the material or dissipated into heat at a macroscopic scale. The energy balance is observed to be very dependent on the stress amplitude and the number of loading cycles. A model is then developed to investigate the energy balance at a microscopic scale. From the simulation results, both the stored energy and dissipated energy fields are found to be strongly scattered. The dispersion is mostly explained by the crystallographic orientation distribution and the two-phased microstructure.