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In the Serbian market, fish is available from aquaculture (such as carp and trout) and from fishing (commercial and recreational catch). In the past ten years, from 2012 to 2021, there has been a decrease in the production of carp due to reduced farming areas, but trout production has increased. On average, during this period, aquaculture production yielded approximately 5,491 tons of carp and 2,977 tons of trout, while the fish catch averaged around 2,979 tons. The yield per hectare in carp ponds was 800 kg, while in trout ponds, it was 20 kg per square meter. As the demand for fish exceeds the domestic supply, the market is supplemented with imported fish.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different marinade solution on the microbiome of chicken breast fillets packaged under vacuum and stored at 4°C. Three types of marinade were tested. A total of 120 chicken breast fillets were marinated in control (6% NaCl) or three different marinades: 6% NaCl and 2% sodium tripolyphosphate; 6% NaCl and 2% sodium citrate, and; 6% NaCl, 1% sodium tripolyphosphate and 1% sodium citrate. Microorganisms were enumerated on the first day of testing (day 0) and on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 of chilled storage. Marination resulted in significant differences (p<0.05) in the numbers of total viable counts, Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria and anaerobic bacteria counts. The combination of 6% NaCl and 2% sodium citrate is the most appropriate marinade option for reducing the growth of the examined bacterial groups in vacuum-packaged marinated chicken breast fillets during chilled storage., Cilj ovog rada bio je da se utvrdi uticaj različitog načina mariniranja na mikrobiotu fileta grudi brojlera pakovanih u vakuum i čuvanih pri 4°C. Ispitivane su tri vrste marinade. Ukupno 120 uzoraka (korišćenih za dva ponavljanja) marinirano je u kontrolnom (6% NaCl) i tri različita tretmana: 6% NaCl i 2% natrijum tripolifosfat (E1), 6% NaCl i 2% natrijum citrat (E2) i rastvor sa 6% NaCl, 1% natrijum tripolifosfata i 1% natrijum citrata (E3). Brojanje mikroorganizama vršeno je prvog dana (0 dan), 7., 14., 21. i 28. dana skladištenja. Utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike (P<0,05) između mariniranih uzoraka u ukupnom broju mezofilnih bakterija, Enterobacteriaceae, bakterijama mlečne kiseline i anaerobnim bakterijama. Utvrđeno je da je kombinacija 6% NaCl i 2% natrijum citrata najprikladnija za redukciju rasta ispitivanih grupa bakterija u mariniranim filetima grudi brojlera pakovanih u vakuum i skladištenih pri 4°C.

For the successful validation and verification of the HACCP system, a food business operator is obliged, among other duties, to have continuous microbiological data of carcasses which are followed by a certain dynamic that the subject himself prescribed. To obtain these data, it is necessary to perform systematic monitoring of indicator microorganisms. The most important meat hygiene indicators are Total Viable Counts (TVC) and Enterobacteriaceae (EC). TVC are defined as indicators of overall slaughter hygiene (equipment, environment, tools, workers), while EC are indicators of faecal contamination on carcasses. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial contamination of cattle and pig carcasses, level of hygiene of the slaughter process as well as whether variations hygiene levels were related to seasonality in Serbia during 2017. The year was divided into four quarters of three months each, while the microbiological results were classified into three levels of hygiene status (unsatisfactory, satisfactory or acceptable). The highest percentage of the results surveyed during the entire study was at a satisfactory hygiene level. Furthermore, we found there were differences in results between the quarters, which could be associated with seasonality. The best microbiological results, and so the best hygiene of carcasses, was recorded in the period April, May, June, while the worst microbiological results were observed in the period of July, August and September.

The aim of this study was to determine the survival of Yersinia enterocolitica (biotype 1, serotype O:8), and the microbiological status (lactic acid bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae), water activity and pH values of Sremska sausage (traditional dry-fermented sausage from Northern Serbia) during ripening (18 days). Four different groups of Sremska sausage were manufactured: CI group - control without starter culture; CII group - control with starter culture; EI group - was inoculated with 108 CFU mL-1 of Y. enterocolitica ATCC 9610, without starter culture and EII group - was inoculated with 108 CFU mL-1 of Y. enterocolitica ATCC 9610 and with starter culture. During ripening, microbiological examination was conducted according to ISO methods, on days 0, 3, 7, 12 and 18. In the inoculated sausages, Y. enterocolitica did not grow after day 12 of the ripening period. The results revealed that the use of starter cultures increased the number of lactic acid bacteria, while completely reducing the Enterobacteriaceae count compared with the Sremska sausage without starter culture. Also, the sausages manufactured with starter culture had lower pH values compared to the sausages without starter culture. In conclusion, the use of starter cultures contributes to improving the microbial safety of Sremska sausage.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different packaging conditions (vacuum and modified atmosphere) on the microbiological status (total viable count, lactic acid bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and pH in minced pork meat. Pork mince was packaged in vacuum, modified atmosphere with 20% O2, 50% CO2 and 30% N2 (MAP 1) or modified atmosphere with 20% O2, 30% CO2 and 50% N2 (MAP 2), refrigerated at 3±1°C and examined on the days 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 of storage. The average total viable counts and total Enterobacteriaceae counts in vacuum packaged mince were statistically significantly higher (p lt 0.01; p lt 0.05) than in modified atmosphere packaged mince with both combinations of gases, on different days of storage. The largest decrease of total viable count and Enterobacteriaceae count was noted in modified atmosphere packaged mince with the higher concentration (50%) of CO2.