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The effect of Outdoor or Indoor housing systems on the growth, welfare and carcass and meat quality of a local rabbit population was investigated. The slaughter age was 103±2days. Open-field tests showed an effective capacity of the Outdoor group to combat stressors. Compared to Indoor rabbits, Outdoor rabbits showed better growth performance and higher slaughter weight (SW) (2535 vs 2137g; P<0.01). Outdoor housing conditions increased the physical activity of rabbits and their hind legs were more developed (36.1% vs 34.9%; P<0.01). Slaughter yield was lower in Outdoor rabbits (57.8% vs 58.4% SW; P<0.05) due to the higher skin proportion (17.2% vs 15.6% SW; P<0.05). Outdoor rabbit meat showed lower L∗ value (L. lumborum: 55.6 vs 59.2; P<0.01; B. femoris: 53.0 vs 55.5; P<0.01) and cooking loss (L. lumborum: 15.9% vs 18.1%; P<0.05). Outdoor rabbit hind leg meat was characterized by lower water (74.5% vs 75.1%; P<0.01) and higher protein (22.9% vs 22.6%; P<0.01) and fat (1.4% vs 1.1%; P<0.01) contents; lipids were lower in SFA and higher in MUFA. Outdoor rearing seems to be a possible alternative housing system that allays the ethical concerns of modern consumers while also providing good meat quality.