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This paper adopts the hierarchical analysis method to conduct in-depth research and analysis on the management of English education course performance and the construction of the English education course performance evaluation index system in colleges and universities based on the hierarchical analysis method. This paper aims to establish a scientific, standardized, rigorous, and objective index system, which is in line with the orientation of "combining theory and practice" at this stage of school. It follows the development trend of the "dual-teacher" and "innovative" mode, helps students to improve their learning level and practical ability to a certain extent, and allows teachers to go out of the textbook and into the curriculum to create a multifaceted and effective teaching space framework for students in the new era. On the other hand, we should also pay attention to the correlation between the selected indicators, scientifically analyze the indicators, and try to eliminate the interaction between the indicators. This evaluation system is comprehensive and scientific, relevant to schools, inspiring to teachers, and intuitive to students, which is conducive to teachers' innovative teaching methods, breaking the original curriculum model, enabling teachers and students to easily get out of the original curriculum "silo" circle, and allowing teachers to find the breakthrough of the curriculum with half the effort. The performance results of the school were obtained through statistical analysis and attributed through individual interviews. To build an innovation and entrepreneurship education resource integration and sharing mechanism, the information management center of the innovation and entrepreneurship education training platform was established to integrate the innovation and entrepreneurship education information resources; by creating a community of interests, a collaborative mechanism was built inside and outside the school; finally, an interoperable and linked training platform network structure was formed. Finally, based on the results of the university's performance analysis and comparative reference to the relevant practices of universities in Taiwan, we propose countermeasures to improve the performance of the general education curriculum system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing intelligent capital on enterprise performance. Design/Methodology/Approach. Based on dynamic panel data of listed companies in the Taiwan electronics industry from 2006 to 2017, we used the GMM estimation method. Findings. The findings of this study indicate that human capital, innovation capital, process capital, and customer capital all significantly improve enterprise performance through the mechanism of organizational learning. Research Limitations/Implications. Future research on cross-country studies of various forms of electronics industry would be worth conducting to determine regional differences in the development of electronics industry activities. Originality/Value. The empirical results demonstrate that human capital, process capital, and customer capital exert a significant promoting effect on enterprise performance, while innovation capital significantly inhibits improvement of enterprise performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The worldwide machine tool market is anticipated to reach a value of USD 68.9 billion by 2021, from USD 65.6 billion in 2020. This projection is based on the progressive production drop within the car industry, which is the largest customer of machine devices, and supply chain disruption. The machine tool industry in Taiwan faces a severe challenge and has been unobtrusively experiencing an inner reshuffling and innovative transformation. The developing strategic alliances reflect a basic endeavor by numerous firms to improve their specialized capabilities. This study applied the DEMATEL, a suitable method for gathering group knowledge to form a structural model and visualize the casual relationship between subsystems through a casual diagram, revealing that the causal relationships between measurement criteria and the proposed model can provide a viable assessment of the alliance with satisfactory criteria that fit the decision-makers requirements, especially when the assessment criteria are various and interrelated. Financial resources were the strongest factor within the strategic behavior dimension (D1), whereas the minimize manufacturing cost was the foremost basic determinant in the cost perspective (D2). The specialists also demonstrated that obtaining dominant technology was a determinative component within organizational learning (D3). This paper offers proposals for government authorities to plan a machine tools industry strategy for Taiwan and for companies to formulate business directions for long-run advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism has been identified as one of the sectors that will contribute to Taiwan's economic development. Online travel agencies' role in producing economic value in the hospitality industry continues to grow. The hotel industry is used in this study as the research context to help managers of hot spring hotels select the optimal online travel agencies (OTAs) using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. The aim of this paper is threefold: first, to obtain selection criteria for OTAs based on the fuzzy Delphi method; second, to extract interdependencies between the perspectives using decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL); and third, according to interdependencies between the perspectives, to rank the alternatives by analytic network process (ANP). Based on the proposed model, a real-world company was conducted and demonstrated OTAs selection problem; the results demonstrated the proficiencies and effectiveness of this model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over a billion people travel by air all over the world every year, and there are many in-flight retailing opportunities for the airline industry. This paper proposes a novel integration fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), fuzzy additive ratio assessment (FARAS), and multisegment goal programming (MSGP) methods to select the best supplier for in-flight duty-free product in airline industry. The advantage of this proposed method is that it allows decision makers (DMs) to set multisegment aspiration vague levels considering both the qualitative and quantitative criteria for supplier selection simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge, a simultaneous consideration of qualitative and quantitative criteria for supplier selection of in-flight duty-free product has never been applied under the airline retail industry context. This research will fill into the gaps of supplier selection in in-fight duty-free product for airline industry. The integrated model is illustrated by an example in an airline company in Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contrast to themodern urban planning, which can be done in short period in terms of the spatial qualified design, the traditional tribe needs longer period in terms of the villagers' sense of community. The selection of location, planning, and construction reveals the wisdom of the former people's use of the resourceful life experience. First, the paper employs PHOENICS to simulate the wind environments of two most representative patterns of rural settlements in the southern area of Southern Fujian, China. This was made to compare the different conditions caused by settlements of various architectural groups. Second, the engineering and construction aspects of settlements--such as the width of roads and building structures--will be further analyzed and examined as case study in attempt to discover the favorable environmental factors for generating winds as well as the construction dimension of the settlement, such as the road width and the architectural design. Finally, the paper tends to conclude with an energy conservation strategy applied to the construction of modern communities which has low density and small group buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To operate a successful and growing business, a retail store manager has to make tough decisions about selectively closing underperforming stores. In this paper, we propose using a three-phase multiobjective mechanism to help retail industry practitioners determine which stores to close. In the first phase, a geographic information system (GIS) and k-means clustering algorithm are used to divide all the stores into clusters. In the second phase, stores can be strategically selected according to the requirements of the company and the attributes of the stores. In the third phase, a neighborhood-based multiobjective genetic algorithm (NBMOGA) is utilized to determine which stores to close. To examine the effectiveness of the proposed three-phase mechanism, a variety of experiments are performed, based partly on a real dataset from a stock-list company in Taiwan. Results from the experiments show that the proposed three-phase mechanism can help efficiently decide which store locations to close. In addition, the neighborhood radius has a considerable influence on the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Location selection significantly influences business success. In particular, location selection for the fuel stations is characterized by constraints on investment in facilities and by criteria that involve a series of social utilities. Recently, a leading fuel company in Taiwan initiated transforming its traditional gas stations into self-service. However, it is difficult to select an existing station to be transformed as self-service because there are many conflicting goals in the problem of location selection. In this paper, we apply a multicriteria approach, integrating analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and multichoice goal programming (MCGP), to obtain an appropriate gas station from many alternative locations that best suit the preferences of decision-makers in the case company. This study incorporates the weights obtained from AHP to set multiple aspirations in MCGP for ranking each candidate location. The results show that, under multiple quantitative and qualitative factors in the selection process, our proposed model is more scientific and efficient than unaided methods in finding a suitable location within a shorter evaluation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, sustainable environmental issues have attracted attention from all circles due to environmental variation and the depletion of natural resources. Modern thinking about the environment contains the human environment, historical tradition, and social life of the whole ecosystem. In this research, the design, development, and construction of the environmental system are assessed. In this regard, sustainable development, environmental issues, venue administrators and staff, tourists' education, and service quality evaluation are investigated. After correction to build four broad categories of 26 education venue service quality evaluation indexes, the ecological environment issues venue service quality of the Hakka Romantic Avenue project was conducted by questionnaire survey in Taiwan. Moreover, the VIKOR method is used for service quality evaluation of different subjects, sorting visitors to the evaluation results of the reference, finding the government supervisors, and environmental planning venue administrators. The results showed that the Service Preference (SERVPERF) model combined with Fuzzy-AHP and VIKOR method was effective in the ranking of service quality evaluation of environmental planning venues, and it was significant to eliminate the complacent tendency of the administrators of environmental planning venues to improve the service quality of education venues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The signature of the cross-strait sea transport (CST) Agreement in 2008 has not only established the cross-strait direct shipping link, but also lifted the ban on the involvement of Taiwanese flagged ships to call at China's ports. This paper focuses on the flag selection for Taiwanese container shipping companies under the provisions of the CST Agreement, and embraces the empirical investigation based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results show Hong Kong is the optimal choice rather than China and Taiwan. Although cross-strait shipping is highly controlled by both sides of the strait, economic factors are still taken seriously in commercial activities. Further, to assist shipping companies to get direct shipping approvals from China and revising a package of financial measures under current shipping policies are recommended for the Taiwanese government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to analyze and improve the transient stability of an industrial combined heat and power (CHP) system in a high-tech science park in Taiwan. The CHP system installed two 161 kV/161 kV high-impendence transformers to connect with Taipower System (TPS) for both decreasing the short-circuit fault current and increasing the fault critical clearing time. The transient stabilities of three types of operation modes in CHP units, 3G1S, 2G1S, and 1G1S, are analyzed. Under the 3G1S operation mode, the system frequency is immediately restored to 60Hz after tie line tripping with the TPS.Under the 1G1S and 2G1S operation modes, the system frequencies will continuously decrease and eventually become unstable. A novel transient stability improvement approach using load shedding technique based on the change in frequency is proposed to improve the transient stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Defects on thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) panel could be divided into either macro- or microdefects, depending on if they are easy to be detected by the naked eye or not. There have been abundant studies discussing the identification of macrodefects but very few on microones. This study proposed a multicategory classification model using a convolutional neural network model to work with automatic optical inspection (AOI) for identifying defective pixels on the TFT-LCD panel. Since the number of nondefective pixels outnumbered the defective ones, there exists a very serious class-imbalanced problem. To deal with that, this study designed a special training strategy that worked with data augmentation to increase the effectiveness of the proposed model. Actual panel images provided by a mobile manufacturer in Taiwan are used to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach. After validation, the model constructed by this study had 98.9% total prediction accuracy and excellent specificity and sensitivity. The model could finish the detection and classification process automatically to replace the human inspection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is not easy for the hotel industry to develop a new business model. To find new consumers, Taiwan's hotel industry has learned from the successful experience of internal restaurants and set up affiliated restaurants. The innovative business model has become an important niche for grasping key technologies and expanding advantages in terms of food and beverage management outside the hotel building. Based on this, and on the application of resource theory, this research is based on the authors' previous research results which used resource-based theories as the basis to develop evaluation dimensions and criteria. This article continues this aspect and model, and merges MCDM models such as DEMATEL and DANP methods to formulate a research evaluation standard system for affiliated restaurants. According to the research results, there are four resource dimensions and eight measurement indicators for the development of key resources for affiliated restaurants; the importance of the four resources is in the following order: organizational ability, personal ability, tangible assets, and intangible assets, and the first two are the "causes" in the causal relationship. The important order of the eight measurement indicators is organizational resources, human resources, financial resources, physical resources, brand/business reputation resources, marketing resources, technical resources, and relationship resources; among them, human resources and financial resources are the most important factors which are the "causes" in the causal relationship. This study uses a multi-criteria decision-making model to explore the resource application, evaluation, and importance ranking of hotel development for affiliated restaurants, which provides a benchmark for the hotel industry to establish affiliated restaurants as an innovative business model. The study results can be referred to for the future and sustainable development of the hotel industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an exploratory study in comparing the gender difference of how Taiwanese university students interacted and organized their bookmarks under 2D and 3D conceptual prototyping. Participants were asked to execute a set of online tasks for bookmarkmanagement and take screenshots to further ground the findings. The results showed that 62%of the female participants preferred the 2D context and there was no significant difference between the 2D and 3D tasks in terms of their time taken, which indicated that they maintained the consistency of their task performance strategy and were not subject to the change of spatial dimension. In contrast, themale participants performed poorly in the 3D context, as opposed to the 2D environment, even though they stated that they preferred the 3D context. A possible explanation for this might be that most of the male participants (mean age 21.8 years, SD = 1.1) are regular 3D game players. Therefore, they tend to unconsciously prefer 3D over 2D. Although the null hypothesis was not disproved, the task time results showed a degree of significance in terms of gender and spatial context differences, which requires further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Themain purpose of this paper was to apply the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) approach to explore key factors influencing the sustainable development of a green energy industry in Taiwan. Based on the literature and experts' opinions, a hierarchical structure with five assessment aspects and fifteen development factors was first constructed, and a FAHP algorithm model was then proposed. Finally, based on the AHP experts' questionnaires, we used the FAHP approach to evaluate the key factors. The results showed the following. (1) "Technology" is the most important aspect influencing sustainable development of green energy industry in Taiwan. (2) In order of relative importance, the top six key factors influencing sustainable development of green energy industry in Taiwan are "establishment of key technological capabilities," "degree of integration of relevant laws and regulations," "establishment of an industry chain," "key raw materials and production equipment," "protection of intellectual property," and "preferential purchase price rates and various subsidies," respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of information technology in Taiwan, night markets have improved their service performance by building information technology technologies, including Wi-Fi, cloud payment and mobile payment services, and QR codes. One of the most commonly used social networking sites among young people in Taiwan is Instagram (IG). In this study, we investigated whether users trust IG to provide sufficient security, and we found that the correctness of the trust information has a significant impact on their software use. This study focused on Taiwan"s unique night market sightseeing experience and explored the use of Instagram by night market consumers. Questionnaire surveys and systematic sampling methods were used to survey consumers, and the number of valid questionnaires was 340. The results showed that the perceived usefulness and ease of use of IG Stories affected user attitudes, and user attitudes positively impacted behavioral intentions. Moreover, the attitude of night market consumers toward IG Stories was affected by trust, which in turn adjusted user behavior intentions. This research was the first to explore the experience of night market consumers using IG Stories. We concluded that night market vendors should strengthen their trust factor in order to have a positive attitude toward consumers and foster the higher behavioral intentions of consumers, which is essential for the successful promotion and marketing of night markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural disasters and man-made incidents have many negative impacts on major cities, including casualties, economic losses, disruption of social order, and environmental contamination. Cities need to be resilient in order to protect people's lives and property. Although research on urban resilience has been rapidly emerging in recent years, there are still some research gaps. The interplay of attributes for assessing urban resilience has not been explored, and the Multiple Attribute Decision Making- (MADM-) based framework for evaluating urban resilience is rarely studied. Therefore, this study proposes a novel model to evaluate urban resilience, the Z number-based Decision-Making Trial, and Evaluation Laboratory (Z-DEMATEL), to identify the mutual influential relationships and the weights of the attributes. In addition, the Z number-based Reference Ideal Method (Z-RIM) is used to determine the resilience capacity of cities and to suggest improvements for decision makers to develop appropriate strategies. In this study, we not only use trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to reflect the uncertainty of information but also measure the reliability/confidence of experts in the assessment. The integrated methodology is presented for the first time in this study, and we use the firmness data of six major metropolitan cities in Taiwan as an example of model demonstration. The results of the study show that population density, value of business activity, healthcare facilities, electricity supply, and number of business registrations are the most important attributes influencing the resilience of cities. Taipei City and Taichung City are the two major cities with better resilience in Taiwan based on the analysis of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the important factors affecting the recidivism rate of drunk driving for car and motorbike users. The respondents were students of Taiwan's road safety training course, which was required for all drunk drivers who were suspended from driving due to the violation of regulations. The characteristics of the drunk car and motorbike drivers, such as socioeconomic variables, alcohol consumption changes, family life cycle, and changes in the number of trips, were investigated. This study estimated the models affecting the recidivism rate of drunk driving for car and motorbike users with the logistic regression model. The main variables included drivers with a university degree or above who tend not to be recidivists compared to the drivers without one. Such respondents are more willing to avoid the risk of becoming drunk driving recidivists. Moreover, the variables of alcohol use disorders' identification test (AUDIT), breath alcohol concentration, and frequency of drunk driving all significantly affect the possibility of recidivism. In terms of family life cycle, married respondents with children aged between 1 and 5 are less likely to become drunk driving recidivists. Those who take motorbikes as an alternative vehicle after being suspended from driving cars are more likely to become drunk driving recidivists. This study suggests the measures of suspending or withdrawing car and motorbike driver's licenses at the same time, using alcolocks to restrict the right to drive, and increasing the frequency of drunk driving crackdowns. In addition, in terms of alcohol consumption behaviors, drinkers with high risks and drunk drivers with high breath alcohol concentrations should be regarded as the key targets for future tracking in order to avoid drunk driving recidivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to establish a behavioural model of students' smartphone usage based on the perception of new advanced information technology, perceived playfulness, and smartphone addiction (SA). Undergraduate students were chosen to be the participants from a university in Taiwan. There were 814 valid questionnaires and the valid response rate was 81.4%. Firstly, SA positively and significantly affected perceived playfulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. Secondly, perceived usefulness did not significantly influence behavioural intention. However, there was an unforeseen result; the effect of SA on perceived usefulness was barely significant. It can be concluded that the participants in the present study were undergraduate students and they might not intend to use smartphones for their academic performance. The findings indicated that undergraduate students experienced perceived playfulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness of smartphone from their addiction perception, which further implied that smartphone usage was interesting, easy, and useful. It was inferred that the undergraduate students were already under a high technology addiction (TA) condition. Suggestions indicate that the conjunction of teaching and mobile application should be extensively applied. It should be based on students' dependence on smartphone and smartphone's enjoyment to helpfully improve teaching via smartphones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IoT), the need for e-management has been extensive. For helping small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to take the first step to link up Industry 4.0, the implementation of the enterprise collaboration system (ECS) in SMEs has become inevitable. We use SuccMail to examine the effect of external supports and internal supports for ECS implementation of performance. To conduct this aim, we adopted the questionnaire from ERP and revised it for ECS. We collected the data from three SMEs from Taiwan and used the SPSS to run the correlation and multiple regressions. We find that all the supports are related to the performance; however, considering all the supports together, only some supports have significant and positive effects. We conclude that the supports can help SMEs in implementing ECS to increase the performance. Furthermore, the internal supports are more significantly and positively affecting the performance of implementing ECS in SME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]