1. Activation of Rubber-Seed Shell Waste by Malic Acid as Potential CO2 Removal: Isotherm and Kinetics Studies
- Author
-
Azry Borhan and Suzana Yusuf
- Subjects
020209 energy ,malic acid ,kinetics modeling ,02 engineering and technology ,Activation energy ,lcsh:Technology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,thermodynamics ,Adsorption ,Natural rubber ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,activated carbon ,lcsh:Microscopy ,rubber-seed shell ,lcsh:QC120-168.85 ,lcsh:QH201-278.5 ,Chemistry ,Carbonization ,lcsh:T ,Microporous material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chemical engineering ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,visual_art ,Carbon dioxide ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,Malic acid ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,CO2 adsorption ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been deemed a significant contributor to the climate crisis and has an impact on environmental systems. Adsorption is widely used among other technologies for carbon capture because of its many benefits. As a starting material for the production of activated carbon (AC) by chemical activation using malic acid due to its biodegradable and non-toxic properties, rubber seed shell (RSS) was used as agricultural waste from rubber farming. Sample A6, which was carbonized for 120 min at a temperature of 600 °, C and impregnated at a ratio of 1:2, was identified to achieve the highest surface area of 938.61 m2/g with micropore diameter of 1.368 nm, respectively. Using the fixed volumetric approach measured at 25, 50, and 100 °, C, the maximum CO2 adsorption capability reported is 59.73 cm3/g of adsorbent. Using the pseudo-first order of Lagergren, the pseudo-second order and the Elovich model, experimental data is modeled. It appears that, based on the correlation coefficient, the pseudo-first order model is aligned with the experimental findings. Furthermore, the activation energy of under 40 kJ/mol indicated a physical adsorption occurs, indicating that the RSS chemically activated with malic acid is a fascinating source of CO2 removal requirements.
- Published
- 2020