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At the time of digitization, the requirements of consumers are constantly increasing. Systematization of scientific sources and approaches and implemented surveys prove that new requirements impact the development of electronic innovations, which have also appeared in the banking sector. The digitization of provided banking services also represents innovations focusing on creating environmentally friendly innovations. Moreover, electronic banking has been used by clients of commercial banks for several years, as it represents easy access to finance, their overview, and other e-banking advantages. The opportunity to use the home environment is irreplaceable for many people. Wasting paper while providing banking operations in a brick-and-mortar branch or spending valuable time standing in a crowd of the bank's clients is an unacceptable idea for many people, especially in the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper compares the electronic banking services of the three largest Slovak banks using the Kano model. The Kano model, through 5 categories of perceived quality by customers, expresses the relationship between their degree of satisfaction and quality attributes. These categories include one-dimensional, attractive, mandatory, reverse, and indifferent attributes of products creating quality. The individual categories of perceived quality change in accordance with the life cycle. They pass from indifferent through attractive, one-dimensional to the category of mandatory quality attributes. This paper focuses on selected types of provided services and innovations in electronic banking, drawing attention to the perception of risk by Slovak bank clients. The authors pointed out the differences among the services offered in individual banks provided within the portfolio of their services and the identification of customer requirements. The findings showed that the customers have not largely mastered the innovations, but they are nevertheless very important from the future perspective. The results of the research could be useful for bank managers to find the best way how to approach clients who approach innovations in banking with distrust and reluctance to adopt them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue definition of the structure and degree of novelty of the product in accordance with the classification of novelty in terms of its functional orientation. The main purpose of the research is to develop its own methodology for assessing the degree of novelty of a new product, as a quantitative characteristic, on the basis of comparison with the analogue product. To construct a methodology, it is important to prioritize the scale of the novelty of a product: a regional, national or global market. The determination of the required scale of novelty depends on the choice of the main analogue product and the choice of the consumer group. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of determining the level of novelty of goods indicates that there is no universal method for assessing the degree of its novelty. The relevance of the decision of this scientific problem is to assess the degree of novelty of the product because in reality the market is saturated with pseudo-new products. The concept of novelty is relative and does not have clearly defined requirements. Investigation of the topic of quantitative evaluation of the novelty of a product in the paper is carried out in the logical sequence. The essence and structure of novelty are determined, the level of novelty is estimated for each species and as a result, the total integral indicator is derived. Methodological tools of the research methods are mathematical methods of action with matrices and methods for analysing the hierarchies of pairwise comparisons proposed by Thomas L. Saaty. Comparison of indicators according to different criteria is carried out on a nine-point scale. Integral indicator of the level of novelty of a new product is calculated as the average geometric indices of production, market and consumer novelty. Determining the level of novelty of a new product is carried out on a scale from 0 to 1, which allows to determine the novelty, both for each type of novelty and for the general level. An empirical study has been conducted to determine the validity of this method of determining level of novelty of a new product. The results of the research can be useful for the assessment of the enterprises of their new products and as a component of the assessment of the innovation activity of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the analysis of the linking between country image and level of economic security. The studies confirmed that ongoing tendency on world competitiveness justified considering direct and indirect dimensions which influence on the country's economic security. The authors generalised the factors which affected the economic security of the country. The finding proved that one of the significant indirect parameters is the country image. The authors analysed and summarised the most appropriate definitions of country brand and image. The authors analysed the frequency of country brand and image in the scientific paper. The paper aimed to identify the scientific clusters on the investigation of economic security and the country's brand. The study used the bibliometric analysis using software VOSviewer, Web of Science and Scopus Tools Analysis. The data of analysis was obtained from the scientific database Scopus and Web of Science for 1991-2019 years. For the analysis, the papers were selected as the criteria as follows: English language; published for 1991-2019 years; contained the keywords brand, image, county and security. The results of the analysis proved that the paper which used the term "country image" is more than "country brand" in Scopus and Web of Science. The findings from the Web of Science and Scopus Tools Analysis confirm the hypothesis on the increasing tendency of publishing activities papers which focused on the analysis of security and country's image. The visualising of co-authorship by country allowed identifying that the 50% papers published by the scientists with the American, Ukrainian, Canadian, Spanish and Russian affiliations. The VOSviewer results allowed identifying two significant scientific clusters as follows: country image and economic security. Besides, between the two most significant cluster were as mediators: governance, nation branding, developing countries and environment. Besides, analysing the new publication for 2015-2019 years, the most cited papers on economic security connected with analysis not only quantitively economic parameters but also with political, sustainable development and country's image. The bibliometric analysis formed the background for checking the casual relationship between image and economic security of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the analysis on the innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets. The results of analyses proved that of the book value of assets in the accounting and audit, especially in the context of financial crises, implementation of the new or modified standard of accounting and reporting becomes an important part of the issues. Herewith, financial and management decision, which compare book and market value, trying to predict the future (fair) value of assets or even a company (firm). The main goal of the paper is analysed of the tendency in the scientific literature on the accounting and audit of the book value of assets to identify future research directions. For the analysis, the VOSviewer and Scopus tools were used. This study reviews 714 papers from the Scopus database. The time for analysis was all timeline of the Scopus database. The results showed the growing tendency in publishing the documents in the Scopus database focused on the accounting and audit of the book value of assets issues. It began to increase from 1997 to 1999, from 2007 to 2009, and from 2014 to 2017. Moreover, the focus of investigation moved from general issues to problem of the fair value of assets, implementation of modifying standards of reporting and accounting. In 2018, the number of documents increased by 1225% compared to 1997. It was the year with the biggest number of paper devoted to analysing the innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets. Mostly the innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets were analysed under the subject area as follows: Business, Management and Accounting; Economics, Econometrics and Finance; Social Sciences; Engineering. Besides, the biggest share of the scientists which investigated issues the innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets was from the USA, United Kingdom, Australia and China. In 2019 papers focused on analyses of the innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets were published in journals with high impact factor as follows: Contemporary Accounting Research, Accounting Review, International Journal of Accounting, Managerial Finance, Accounting And Business Research. Such results proved that theme on the innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets is actually in the ongoing trends of the modern accounting, finance, management and audit. The findings from VOSviewer identified 6 clusters of the papers which investigated innovative approaches in the accounting and audit of the book value of assets from the different points of views. The first most significant cluster merged the keywords as follows: accounting information, fair value, financial reporting, fair value accounting, firm value, intangible assets, intellectual capital etc. The second biggest cluster merged the keywords as follows: costs, cost accounting, accounting method, assets value, assets valuation, depreciation, cost-benefit analyse, balance sheet etc. The third biggest cluster focused on criminal aspects of value relevance, book value, the book value of equity, equity valuation, earnings, dividend etc. Such tendency allows making a conclusion, financial and management decision, which compare book and market value, trying to predict future (fair) value of assets or even a company (firm) are very close and popular in different issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the analysis of the approaches to define the areas of research on the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law. The obtained results proved that crimes, connected to drugs abuse, their legislation become an essential part of the issues. At the same, developing of government control, medical standards, improving quality of medical education balancing the «medical mistake - injury to human's health - jurisprudence consequences» triangle in the tendency of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law are becoming very important to the healthcare system due to increasing requirements of regulators, customers and shareholders. The paper aimed to analyse the tendency in the literature on the injury, damage and harm in criminal law, which published in books, journals, conference proceedings etc. to identify future research directions. The methodological tools are VOSviewer, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) software. This study covers 1072 papers from Scopus and WoS database. The time for analysis were 1970-2020. The Scopus and WoS analyse showed that in 2012-2019 the numbers of papers on the injury, damage and harm in criminal law issues began to increase. However, the topics changed from general issues to the problem of decriminalisation of drug trafficking, and the corresponding paradigm shift in the punishment of some crimes, increasing interest in punishing corporations for violating environmental regulations. In 2017 the number of documents dedicated to injury, damage and harm in criminal law was increased by 667% compared to 2012. The main subject areas of analyses of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law were the next: Law, Public environmental, occupational health, Criminology penology, Substance abuse, Psychiatry, Medicine. The biggest amount of investigations of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law was published by the scientists from the USA, United Kingdom, Australia and Canada. In 2019 such journals with high impact factor as International Journal of Drug Policy, International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, The Lancet etc. published the number of issues, which analysed of the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law. Such results proved that theme on the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law is actually in the ongoing trends of the modern jurisprudence and regulation. The findings from VOSviewer defined 6 clusters of the papers which analysed the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law from the different points of views. The first biggest cluster (with the biggest number of connections) merged the keywords as follows: criminal justice, law enforcement, public health, health care policy, harm reduction, drug legislation, drug and narcotic control, substance abuse, homelessness etc. The second significant cluster integrated the keywords as follows: criminal behaviour, crime victim, adolescent, violence, mental health, mental disease, prisoner, young people, rape, police etc. The third biggest cluster concentrated on criminal aspects of jurisprudence, criminal law, human right, legal liability, social control, government regulation etc. The obtained results allow concluding that balancing the triangles «medical mistakes - criminal - education» and «drugs - criminal - justice» and «abortion - criminal - women/children» form an important part of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the conditions of the spread of globalization processes, growing interdependence, and interconnectedness of countries, a significant intensification of the academic society efforts to ensure national energy security and independence is necessary. The purpose of the paper is to provide a systematic review of the scientific environment aimed at analysing the contents and features of scientific publications dealing with new trends and patterns in sustainable energy consumption. In order to create a semantic and definition basis and research the main trends of scientific publications on the subject of developing energy efficiency and sustainable consumption, the paper carried out a bibliometric analysis concerning the categories «energy efficient» and «energy consumption» using the Scopus and VOSviewer tools. The main question is, what are the main scientific and research trends and patterns in the field of energy efficiency and sustainable consumption? For this purpose, the quantity and quality tendencies of the scientific articles which are studying issues connected with energy efficiency and sustainable consumer behaviour were determined. A sample of more than 24000 scientific publications on this issue was generated from publications indexed by the Scopus database. The study period covers 2001-2021. On the global level, the analysed investigated area is represented by the countries: China, the USA, and India. VOS viewer tools were used to systemize 5 clusters of scientific articles that analysed sustainable energy consumption from different points of view. Identification of regularities in the developing of scientific approaches to energy-efficient consumption and developing sustainable energy sector was carried out using bibliometric analysis, which has made it possible to describe the dominant retrospective evolutionary and temporal tendencies in the development of this theory concerning the concepts of sustainable development, environmental management, and development of renewables. As a result, one of the most significant trends is a green brand and tendencies connected with developing green marketing and green consumer awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the integration of digitalization has led to the prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) in human resource management (HRM), such as the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications during the recruitment process. These AI-driven technologies have risen to prominence due to their ability to facilitate synergistic collaboration between humans and computer intelligence to effectively achieve desired goals. This paper reviews the research conducted on AI-based HRM and its consequences for recruiting outcomes. The systematic literature review is based on a search within the Web of Science and Scopus databases, which resulted in 46 peer-reviewed journal articles published from 2019 to 2023. The findings of the study were divided into five categories: (a) AI-based HRM, (b) ethics of AI in HRM, (c) benefits of AIenabled selection tools, (d) risks of AI-enabled selection tools, and (d) usage of AI in recruitment in different country contexts. This paper provides a general overview of AI-based HRM management and its duality and complexity. One of the toughest challenges for HRM is to maintain a collaborative spirit when human workers are with AI-enabled robots' side by side. Organizations are required to perceive both the potential risk and the opportunities that AI recruiting tools may generate. From the perspective of article outcomes, the majority of related studies have been performed in African and Asian countries, which suggests that there is a lack of empirical studies in the European region. One of the major causes may be assumed to be legislation issues, precisely general data protection rules (GDPRs), which hinder the process of adopting technology-based recruiting tools. During AI decision making, fairness should be at the centre of the procedure. Despite some preferences for AI recruitment, such as streamlining HR tasks, this raises many ethical and legal issues that should be solved--at least balanced--not to leave feelings of unfairness among potential employees. AI-based technology solutions require significant time and effort to peacefully exist in the job market. HR managers should not have the feeling of danger of being replaced by AI recruiting tools. To combine best of both worlds, the collaboration of human resources and artificial intelligence is very prominent; however, surveillance of AI technologies should never be lost. This article sheds light on key trends in the literature and the main drivers and obstacles associated with the adoption of AI-enabled recruiting tools. There is growing academic interest in AI utilization in the HRM process, which has been discussed in the current paper. Additionally, future study recommendations are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design is a specific form of complex innovation that affects all areas of an organization's management. However, the essence of design is vague, and it is difficult to fully grasp the concept of design. Therefore, it is difficult to find criteria for determining its value. The problem of establishing a causal relationship between design value and user experience is addressed in this paper. The relationship between these two variables affects the importance of design in organizations and can be used to quantify the value of design. Indeed, based on the results of existing research, it is known that this term has many meanings, and it is necessary to reject the possibility of its total quantification. Much of the related research has focused on the area of user experience and customer value, while other related research has focused on design value, which cannot be measured directly but rather, for example, through system dynamic modelling. This approach, i.e., the use of a system dynamic model to determine the value of design, is still missing in the research literature. The main research method for determining the value of design is the experimental method, supported by other research methods: modelling and structured questioning. Inputs to the model, which represent the opinions of the company's managers on the design, are obtained through a board game that provides an attractive and easy-to-understand user interface for the research participants. The value of design is determined by using a sample case study that contains key variables according to the company's business model. The value of the design is calculated based on the indicator "design cost-effectiveness" over six years of the start-up company's business. The indicator is experimentally verified in a model with an identical structure and different scenarios concerning the involvement of design change in the economic development of the firm. This paper aims to use the gamified DVCG model as an innovative concept in business management through a case study. The contribution of the paper to science and practice is to provide experimentally validated evidence to help identify the areas where design investments are needed to make the most sense for the economics and management of the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research paper is to engage with the ongoing scientific discourse surrounding the impact of electronic human resources management (EHRM) technology on organizational sustainability, performance, and innovation within the context of the dynamic Saudi Arabian hospitality industry. Drawing upon a quantitative research methodology, this study seeks to unveil the intricate relationship between the latent variable (e-HRM) and the dependent variables, namely, organizational innovation, organizational performance, and organizational sustainability. The systematic organization of literary sources and research approaches underpins the comprehensive nature of this study, which holds particular relevance against the backdrop of Saudi Arabia's ambitious Vision 2030 development plan. The plan envisions diversifying the economy, reducing dependence on oil, and fostering sustainable growth -- objectives that resonate strongly with the challenges and opportunities within the hospitality sector. The paper progresses logically, employing robust statistical software such as SPSS version 25 and SmartPLS 3.3.5 to rigorously evaluate and test the measuring and structural models. This meticulous approach includes hypothesis testing to assess indicators' reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. The study meticulously examines a sample of 438 employees within the Saudi hospitality industry. Methodological tools, including detection analyses and correlation analysis, are deployed to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. The Saudi hospitality industry is strategically selected for its pivotal role in job creation, economic prosperity, and overall image projection. Empirical analysis forms the crux of this paper, revealing compelling results that underscore the positive and significant influence of e-HRM technologies on organizational innovation, organizational performance, and organizational sustainability. The model's robust fit, as evidenced by the SRMR value of 0.074 and the NFI score of 0.911, accentuates the reliability and validity of the research. Furthermore, the paper employs the blindfolding technique to assess the model's predictive validity, revealing effect sizes of 0.223, 0.109, and 0.439 for organizational innovation, organizational performance, and organizational sustainability, respectively. This research not only empirically confirms but also theoretically substantiates the pivotal role of e-HRM technologies in shaping organizational outcomes. By delving into the mediating relationship between organizational performance and organizational innovation, this study contributes significantly to understanding how e-HRM technologies can be a catalyst for organizational sustainability in the unique context of the Saudi hospitality industry. Beyond the academic realm, the findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, industry professionals, and stakeholders, aligning with the overarching goals of Saudi Vision 2030 to foster sustainable growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the digitalization of museum marketing as an innovative tool for customer evaluation. The content analysis of digital tools created by the most visited museums in the world on social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram were carried out. To obtain statistical information about the pages of museums in social networks, the social media analytics and management tool Fanpage Karma was used. According to the selected indicators, Fanpage Karma filters the rating of the networks' current strongest content. The correlation between the number of museum visits and indicators showing the interaction of the museum with visitors using social networks, such as the number of fans, the page performance index, the number of posts per day, the growth rate of followers, post interactions, and the number of total reactions and comments, was evaluated. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of museum marketing digitalization processes on museum visits by tourists and, as a result, the economic development of the museum business. To monitor the digitalization strategy of the museum's marketing activities, a mixed approach based on qualitative and quantitative analysis was used. Multivariate analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between museum attendance and the interaction between museums and subscribers in social networks. It has been proven that the introduction of digital technologies in museum marketing can attract visitors and put the institution at the new informational level. The number of museum visits and the number of fans, the number of posts per day, interactions, and the number of reactions and comments are the same across all social networks. The paper allows us to know the potential audience of the museum and its needs and requests and to predict the interests of certain categories of museum visitors. The scientific novelty and originality of the research consists of the use of digital marketing tools for evaluating their influence on client behaviour. The results of the study may be useful for the development of monitoring systems and strategic management of marketing when evaluating the behaviour of consumers on the content of social networks at enterprises in various industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of electronic advertising in Saudi Arabia. The main purpose of this research is to explore the impact of internet advertising on companies' visits to stores through an exploratory study. The systematization of literary sources and approaches for solving electronic advertising problems indicates that new mediating and moderating variables could have an impact on the relation between Internet advertising and visits to stores. In this research, the disposition to visit the point of sale is assimilated as a mediating construct rather than an implication with the product as a moderating variable. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that this investigation of the consequences of electronic advertising for offline customer comportment in Saudi Arabia is unprecedented research that seeks to address this interesting question. The investigation of the role of online advertising and the impact of mediating and moderating variables on the visit to the store in the paper was carried out in the following logical sequence: the data were collected via an electronic survey. Of the 500 randomly selected Internet users in Saudi Arabia, only 350 responses were valid. This research used a structural equation model and multigroup analysis to examine the direct and indirect influences of variables. This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that revealed a positive relation between internet advertising and visits to points of sale. The disposition to visit the point of sale mediates the relationship between Internet advertising and concrete visits to the store. The effect of the product moderates the effect of internet advertising on the disposition to visit the point of sale in Saudi Arabia. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that Saudi shoppers fine online advertising to be attractive when this advertising must have some actions and concepts flash. Therefore, Saudi directors should follow this form and use an effective mixture of content and animation. The e-shoppers who are involved are persons who have little engagement; for this reason, they are simply concerned about the tools of the publicity communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article the authors stated that management had become one of the major factors in the efficiency and competitiveness of developed countries' economies during the twentieth century. The tendency of scales steady growth and a share of organizational-managerial innovations in the total volume of organization management activity is proved. The essence of the «creative management» concept is revealed as a component of the enterprise management system. The paper aims to analyze the approaches to define the main research directions in creative management and creativity in management. The analysis findings proved that creative management or creativity in management issues is one of the mainstream of investigation in papers devoted to modern management, which formed different scientific directions. The findings of investigation allow concluding that the topic of «creative management» or «creativity in management» wasn't popular among scientists until 2004 according to the WoS database and 2006 according to Scopus. After these years, the numbers of papers were growing up to 2018 throughout the analyzed period at an average growth rate of almost 50% in WoS database and 39% in Scopus database. Using VOSviewer software allowed defining 8 clusters of keywords that analyzed the creative management or creativity in management issues. All of them have close connections. The biggest cluster consists of 60 items and includes the follows big data, commerce, communication, competition, competitiveness, creative management, creative society, information and communication, information society, information management, information system, information technology, knowledge-based system, knowledge management, SMEs, surveys, strategic planning, sustainable development, technological development etc. The second biggest cluster merged the sphere of urban economy and the development of the creative industry. The findings proved that intellectual property rights protection is an important part of creative management or creativity in management issues. Creative management or creativity in management issues is becoming popular in the last decade in analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the current turbulent and constantly changing conditions, there is a growing tendency to develop human resource activities through implementing managerial innovations. The present paper addresses social workers' work motivation. The paper's main goal is to determine the impact of work motivation on social service employees, representatives of generation X and generation Y. The present paper analyses generation X's and generation Y's work preferences accounting for the distinctiveness of social service work performance. An original questionnaire was distributed to the social workers. For the selection of respondents in social services facilities, the method of a random selection of respondents was used. In this method, each respondent has the same probability of being chosen. The research sample consisted of 201 employees of social services. The questionnaire tackled two areas: demographics (gender, age, and educational background) and work motivation (work environment, working atmosphere, career opportunities, upskilling, income, and demotivating agents at the workplace). The obtained data were statistically processed and evaluated. The data were analysed regarding correlations, differences, and similarities in the social workers' perception of work motivation. The research shows no statistically significant relationship between generation X and generation Y regarding the main motivational stimulus in social workers. Both generations perceive motivation in the same way. Another outcome of the research is that Generation X respondents consider «financial remuneration» and «upskilling» more important than Generation Y respondents. Generation Y respondents consider «career growth», «work being interesting», «friendly work environment», «feedback», and «work-life balance» more important than Generation X respondents. Research respondents appreciate the scope for internal reflection and strengthening of internal motivation. External and internal motivational stimuli, as well as other motivational benefits, support improving the quality of social services and overall improving the quality of life of social services employees. The presented research brings findings applicable to the social service sector in the framework of managerial innovation and the scope of employees' work motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is no consensus in the academic community on whether modern technology positively impacts people's lives or, on the contrary, whether its use has more negative consequences. Given the universal nature of cell phones, the limitless possibilities of use, and their wide-ranging functionalities, it is reasonable to believe that these devices have been responsible for changing people's time management. However, different research approaches make it very difficult to confirm or reject hypotheses that consider associations between cell phone use and time use regarding the different activities in a unified way. This fact suggests that there is still a vast scope in research for further exploring and pursuing how technologies, their development, and their uses are able to permeate the everyday working and social life of the population. Based on this, the present paper aims to assess the relationship between the mobile communication device use and time-use change in a sample of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. This analysis used 3 cell phone use indicators and 12 time-bound indicators by using data for the year 2020. The most significant finding was the confirmation of the assumption arising from the application of regression analysis that the frequency of use of cell phones is not significantly related to the changes in the time structure. However, some significant relationships emerged in the models specified for women. This study also discovered that the most apparent difference was observed in unpaid and paid time throughout the day. The paper provides relevant findings which can be beneficial in many aspects. For example, in the business world, they can help manage business activities, improve performance measurement, or improve managerial decisions related to workflow optimization. The findings provide an understanding not only of the population's well-being but also of the ICT sector state and, ultimately, of all the characteristics of the sustainable development of the countries. In addition, the contribution of this study is also possible in designing more effective decisions by policymakers. In the article, we discuss the study's results, outline some practical implications, and suggest potential avenues for further research on this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the economic and marketing analysis of the Burning Man event (also known as the "Burning Man festival"). It is doing so by tracing the festival's evolution from a small bonfire ritual on San Francisco beach in California in 1986 to a globally renowned art festival held for the whole full week before the Labor Day weekend in Nevada's Black Rock Desert. The festival has gradually become one of the world's top "must-see" and "must-attend" attractions (often getting various nicknames by the press and researchers - from the "magic circus in the desert" to the "lucrative circus" or "Silicon Valley playground"). Currently, Burning Man is attracting more than 60,000 participants (who call themselves "Burners") annually and making over $8 million in tickets and donations (there has been a cap implemented on the maximum number of participants due to the environmental and land protection concerns since the current venue is located in the National Conservation Area). It has also served as an inspiration for a series of similar festivals or smaller events organized in other parts of the world, from Lithuania to Spain (or even Israel), helping to create and sustain the global "Burning Man" worldwide community. Drawing on data from more than 500 surveys conducted at the different Burning Man festivals between 2012 and 2018 by the authors, this paper explores the transformation of the Burning Man event into a high-end event characterized by significant expenditure and participation from upper social echelons. Contrary to popular perception, Burning Man emerges not as a 'hippie' Woodstock-type gathering but as an elite networking hub, highlighting the interplay of luxury and 'radical expression'. The research reveals that average spending per participant ranges from $5,000 to $6,000 (including tickets, travel costs, gear, supplies, and gifts), challenging the festival's accessibility. Furthermore, despite the allure of the event, the demanding Black Rock desert environment distinguished by the severe temperature changes and alkaline dust storms often happening on a dry lakebed (or "playa") seems to deter repeat attendance among wealthier participants. Our paper contributes to understanding the dynamics of popular festival marketing and the shifting demographic profile of the Burning Man festival, offering insights into its exclusivity and the economic implications of its 'radical expression' ethos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the analysis of the impact of public administration on the innovation development. With purposes to identify the main scientific directions of analysis among the scientific community, the authors did the bibliometric study. For the reviews, the authors selected 1167 papers which indexing in Scopus. For the visualising the findings of bibliometric analysis, the VOSviewer was used. The results allow allocating 10 clusters of scientific directions which analysed the issues of innovations and public administrations. The first most significant clusters could «innovation» analysed the efficiency of the public administration through the effectiveness of innovation implementation. The second clusters connected with the government innovation policy and located close to the first clusters. The third cluster «public administration» involved 40 items and 4699 links. The scientists with Italian and American affiliations had the most significant shares of papers. At the same time, the European funding allocated the most significant share of financing such research. The hypothesis of the investigation was checking the linking between levels of innovation development and countries' rating on the efficiency of public administration using the correlation analysis and least square model. For the checking hypothesis, the authors used the software EViews11. The authors analysed the Worldwide Governance Indicators as the base indicators for the assessment of public administration efficiency. For the analysis, the authors used data for EU countries and Ukraine. As Ukraine has started the integration process, the Ukrainian policy should be synchronised with the EU. The findings proved the correlation between variables. Thus, the increasing of government efficiency and the rule of law lead to increasing by 0,094 and 0,043 points the level of innovation development of the country corresponding. At the same time, the increasing regulation policy provoke the increase of innovation development by 0,08 points. The less impact had the variables as follows: sustainability competitiveness of the country and volume of expenditure on research and development. After analysis of the empirical data, the reviews of the management and legal instruments was done. Considering the EU experience, the authors identified the system of tools which lead to increasing of public administration efficiency as follows: legislation on property rights, anti-corruption directives, digitalisation of government authorities at all levels. For the future investigation, the time and range of the countries should be extended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to generate and establish an understanding of effective closing techniques for selling innovative products. Closing a sale is important because this is the stage of the sales process where companies convince their customers to commit to their offer. Using the right closing technique has a huge impact on the outcome of the deal. The paper outlines the importance of the sales closing techniques for the accomplishment of the innovation commercialization process. The literature review and the conducted research study emphasized the sales process as a key factor for the successful commercialization of innovations in the software industry. Software companies feel confident in their ability to develop innovations but not in their ability to sell them. The research employed a descriptive research design. It used a quantitative method for data collection, which was the survey method. The research object is product managers and owners of software companies in Bulgaria. The conduction of the survey used the probability sampling design. Apart from the primary research, secondary data was also examined. The literature review was another research method for data collection used in the research study. The paper presents the results of a literature review and an empirical analysis, which confirm the importance of the sales process in the software industry when innovative products are concerned. Using the right selling techniques, companies develop a successful sales process for the innovative products they create. These findings resulted in searching and presenting effective selling techniques that salespeople in the software industry can use when selling innovations. Software companies recognize that the sales process requires certain knowledge of sales and the last stage of the sale process (the close stage). The research paper provides deeper meaning and understanding of the concept of selling and establishes the importance of using different closing techniques to persuade the customer to buy innovative products. Key salesperson's abilities and skills were also discussed in the paper. Based on the literature analysis and the conducted research study, the author summarized main and supporting closing techniques that could be useful for sales representatives in the software industry to sell more innovative products, build long-term relationships, and win trusted customers. The author outlined some main knowledge and abilities required for selling innovative products in the software industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the significant role that banks play in the global economy and the inherent risks they encounter in their day-to-day operations, studying operational risk management in banks is crucial. The purpose of this research is to comprehend the operational risk management challenges in banks, mainly focusing on human errors and management response to them, as human factors often play an important role in operational failures. The aim of this paper is to investigate the governance cultures and operational risk management strategies of banks, to identify the gaps in risk mitigation activities and controls and to determine the improvements needed to minimize human errors. This research aims to provide prospective operational risk management solutions for banks by gathering and analysing survey data from finance sector employees worldwide as well as empirical information, making the topic practical. Factors influencing operational risk management form the basis of the qualitative method used in this study. The main findings indicate that management's attitude towards human errors and the role of risk governance structures, such as risk committees and internal control functions, have significant relationships with the reasons for human errors in banks and thus have an impact on operational risk management in banks. Banks need to examine their risk management frameworks; evaluate the standard reactions of bank management to human error, such as root cause analysis, incident investigation, and planning for corrective action; strengthen their working policies; integrate more lessons learned from sessions and training; re-evaluate their internal controls; and analyse their escalation procedures. Studying management response to human errors and key controls in banks has several practical implications for organizations. First, insights from this research can help banks enhance their risk management practices, identify their weaknesses, improve their internal controls, and put preventive measures in place to reduce the possibility and consequences of human errors. Second, a positive safety culture can be promoted by encouraging open collaboration, accountability and learning from mistakes. Third, enhancing employee improvement and training can be achieved by understanding the needs of employee development based on the insights from this study. Finally, studying management responses to human errors can help banks oversee compliance with regulatory reporting standards, investigation protocols, and corrective measure specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality is an important indicator for the service sector. Currently, increasingly competitive conditions, technological development and changes in customer demands and needs bring importance to the concept of quality in the tourism sector, as in many other sectors. The key role of quality management in enabling sustainable competitive advantage has guided many researchers in the field of tourism science to focus on this issue. Nevertheless, there are limited bibliometric and systematic assessments, even though they are becoming increasingly popular in the tourism industry. To contribute to further research collaboration and expand knowledge in this subject area, a bibliometric study was conducted. This research examines quality management in the tourism literature, the growth trajectory and geographical distribution of studies, the distribution of publications according to WOS indexes, the most productive authors and countries, the authors and documents that have had the greatest impact, the intellectual structure of quality management, global academic collaboration, and the main themes of publications. This study aims to identify the key issues and gaps in the literature related to quality management in the context of tourism. For this purpose, the Web of Science (WoS) database was scanned. This paper conducts a bibliometric literature evaluation of 993 articles published between 2004 and 2023. Performance analysis and science mapping techniques were used in this study. Visualization of similarities (VOS) viewer software was used to create bibliometric maps. It is concluded that the concepts of service quality and quality of life (QoL) have become prominent in tourism. It is also determined that words related to sustainability and the environment have been used in recent years. According to the results of the study, 2021, 2022 and 2020 are the most productive years. China, the USA, and Spain are the countries that have contributed the most to the development of the literature. The United Kingdom has worked in cooperation with twenty-nine countries, China's link strength is greater, as it has cooperated with twenty-seven countries. Conversely, the university that has made the greatest collaborative contributions to science is Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Thus, it is anticipated that this research will further scientific contributions to the examination of quality management in the literature related to tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Internet technology continues to advance and as various social media platforms proliferate, consumers have gained the ability to distribute video content across a multitude of online channels. A vlog (video blog) is an online video documentary format used by vloggers (video bloggers) to record their daily lives and share their experiences with various products. In recent years, Vloggers who publish vlogs on social media have gained increasing popularity. The use of vlogs to convey product information has received widespread attention, leading an increasing number of companies to consider them part of their marketing mix and actively incorporate them into their marketing strategies. However, it is still unclear which factors influence consumer attitudes while watching vlogs. Therefore, it has become a focus of attention in both academia and the business world to clarify how vlog promotion content influences consumer attitudes and to use vlog promotion to improve consumer attitudes, thereby increasing consumers' purchase intentions and achieving brand promotion objectives. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the factors that influence consumer attitudes towards vlog promotion content. This article is based on the ABC attitude model theory, and data collected through an online questionnaire survey of Chinese consumers were analysed to statistically verify the relationship between consumers' purchase intentions and factors related to vlog content. The predictor variables included trust in vlog, vlogger popularity, vlogger personal appeal, understanding of vlogger advertised products, vlog content, and frequency of interaction between vlogger and fans. Path analysis revealed that two intermediate variables related to vlogger (cognition and emotion) had a positive impact, and a model was constructed to further examine their influence on consumer behaviour (dependent variable). The research findings of this study reveal that three key factors significantly influence consumer attitudes towards vlog promotion. These factors encompass the understanding of vlogger's advertised products, vlog's content, and the frequency of interaction between vlogger and fans. For future vlog promotions, it is recommended to augment the vlogger's product knowledge and approachability. To create captivating vlog content, emphasis should be placed on enhancing its entertainment value, establishing personal connections with viewers, and encouraging shareability. Moreover, the vlogger should actively engage with dedicated fans, prioritize valuable fan comments, and foster harmonious relationships. Furthermore, the findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of vlog promotion for various brands and services, providing valuable insights into the content of promotional activities for different brands and services. This highlights the strategic significance of vlog promotion and its relevance in guiding promotional strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the war in Ukraine and migration has affected the ecommerce markets of the recipient countries, presenting both opportunities, in the form of an increased consumer base, and challenges, such as the lack of a clear development vision. This paper aims to investigate the influence of migration processes on the development of e-commerce in Poland and examine the feasibility of using forecasting methods by e-commerce companies under these conditions for future activity planning. To fulfill the research objective, the following tasks were addressed: investigating the current state of e-commerce development influenced by migration processes; exploring modern migration processes and their impact on global economies; assessing the impact of migration from Ukraine on the Polish market; and analyzing a Polish online store to develop a model for forecasting data and planning activities under the influence of migration processes. To achieve this goal, three models were constructed: a multiple regression model to assess the level of migration processes' influence on e-commerce; a neural network to forecast sales for a Polish e-commerce store; and cluster analysis to identify clusters of goods most affected by migration processes. The study analyzed the nuances of modern migration processes and assessed the reverse effect of migration as a driver of e-commerce development. Migration stimulates e-commerce by altering consumer behavior and logistics routes, increasing exports and imports, and fostering the spread of digital entrepreneurship. Using data from a Polish online store, the study modeled the impact of market changes on the company's operations and identified the most significant factors. Thus, the analysis explored the impact of migration on ebusiness in Poland through constructed models. Regression analysis revealed that migration processes have contributed to the development of the Polish online store's sales, thanks to the increase in migrant consumers and rising price levels. A neural network was developed with machine learning, incorporating macroeconomic and demographic factors into its forecasting typology. Cluster analysis was employed to examine the online store's assortment, identifying clusters by sales volume and migrants' influence. The analysis determined that, following the onset of the migration movement, categories experiencing a surge in demand from refugees, such as baby food products, appliances, telephones, furniture, and communication devices, saw the most significant growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional wisdom often posits that financial innovations are the primary drivers of energy transitions, facilitating the shift from traditional fossil fuels to renewable sources. However, a nuanced examination of this relationship suggests a reciprocal dynamic where innovations in the energy sector can significantly propel financial transformations. The global pivot towards renewable energy sources necessitates substantial financial investments, thus catalyzing the emergence of novel financial instruments, green bonds, and innovative financing models dedicated to supporting the renewable energy sector. This interdependence between energy transitions and financial innovation reflects the adaptability of financial institutions to the evolving demands of sustainable energy initiatives. As societies increasingly embrace cleaner energy solutions, the financial sector responds by devising inventive strategies to underwrite these transitions. Highlighting the growing academic interest in this symbiotic relationship, the number of publications on energy transitions and financial innovations indexed in the Web of Science database has witnessed a remarkable increase from a mere 10 in 2015 to 113 in 2023, indicating a rapidly increasing field of academic research. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the existing research literature on the interplay between energy transition and financial innovations. Utilizing a network analysis approach and the VOSviewer software - a tool renowned for its efficacy in uncovering prevailing trends and patterns in interdisciplinary research - the study aims to map out the intellectual landscape of this domain. Our findings elucidate that energy transitions do not merely benefit from financial innovations but can also act as potent drivers of financial change, as evidenced by numerous recent and historical examples. This reciprocal influence underscores the critical role of energy sector advancements in shaping financial practices and instruments. The study's insights contribute significantly to the understanding of how energy transitions and financial innovations mutually reinforce each other, providing valuable implications for policymakers, investors, and researchers focused on fostering sustainable energy ecosystems and financial market resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The omnichannel, a new concept in retailing, has surpassed the genre of electronic business (e-commerce) and has significantly influenced consumer thoughts and decisions. This approach refers to a retailing approach that has transformed the way customers shop, seamlessly transitioning between online and offline platforms due to the increased usage of smartphones and tablets. Presently, retailers are focusing on delivering excellent service experiences. However, despite being a prominent topic in the retail sector, bibliometric and systematic reviews exploring omni-channels are scarce. To contribute to further research collaboration and expand knowledge in this subject area, a bibliometric study was conducted to examine omni-channel research trends, including publication outputs, notable journals, top-performing authors, leading countries, and author keywords. A total of 773 articles were acquired from Scopus databases from 2013 to March 2023. The findings revealed a continuous increase in the number of omni-channel publications each year, indicating its growing relevance in the retail industry. Among the 61 countries analysed, Chile had the highest number of active paper publications, followed by Sweden and Spain. The systematic analysis conducted using VOSviewer identified 2103 keywords. This research explores focal points in research, evaluates trends in evolution, visualizes collaboration networks, and identifies a prominent topic in the field of omni-channel research. Cluster analysis revealed prominent topics of interest within the omni-channel context, including the grocery, fashion, luxury, and tourism domains. As a result, this study provides an information and implementation direction for the development of omni-channel retailing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarises the factors influencing consumer purchasing decisions and the changes that these factors have undergone over the last 15 years. The research aimed to determine what changes have occurred in the intensity of the traditional factors influencing consumers' purchasing decisions over the past 15 years and to identify the new factors currently shaping consumers' purchasing decisions. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire survey conducted in the Czech Republic (N = 686). The survey results were subjected to descriptive statistics combined with multivariate exploratory factor analysis. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that showed that between 2007 and 2022, there were no significant changes in consumers' perceived importance of traditional factors influencing their purchasing decisions in different categories of consumption. The research has confirmed that consumers perceived quality, price and necessity as the most important factors across the different categories, while advertising was still the least important. However, the perceived importance of advertising has increased slightly in some shopping categories, such as clothing and footwear and transport, along with the perceived importance of discounts. However, new factors have emerged to influence consumers before making a purchase decision. The clothing and footwear category was selected for detailed factor analysis because consumers assigned more importance to the emerging factors here than other purchase categories. By applying factor analysis, the authors identified five determinants of consumer decision-making in purchasing clothing and footwear categories, including new and traditional factors. The first determinant was the current trends in the market. The second determinant was recommendations, including recommendations from family, friends and professionals, together with the chance to try something new. The third purchase determinant was experience based on the consumer's previous experience, which also shaped the subsequently preferred parameters and product quality. The fourth determinant was pricing. The final determinant of the purchase decision was sustainability in both consumption and purchase. The research results are useful for market players, especially in the innovation of customer communication and company marketing management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marketing. The main purpose of the research is to analyze how COVID-19 has affected the critical messaging strategies in the Saudi food industry. Systematization of scientific background on the investigated issue indicated that pandemics and epidemics significantly impact business processes, including marketing activities. The motivation behind this study is derived from several observations on how companies have adapted their business goals to contribute to tackling the impact of COVID-19. With changes in consumers' behavior, companies had to readjust their strategies to address the anticipated short- and long-term changes in market dynamics. The research aims to reveal trends in marketing communication in the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 eras. Therefore, the process of investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out using quantitative approaches. The article specifically focuses on the objectives such as 1) establishing how Shawarmer SA, Maestro Pizza, and Hungerstation interacted with their customer before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) uncovering changes in social media messaging strategies used by Shawarmer SA, Maestro Pizza, and Hungerstation. Specifically, online survey on three major companies in Saudi Arabia, Shawarmer SA, Maestro Pizza, and Hungerstation. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis of data from each of the above company's Twitter pages, which showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed how companies interact with their customers. Therefore, the author sought to identify the appropriate strategies adopted by the three major players in the Saudi food industry, Maestro Pizza, Hunger Station, and Shawarmer, to interact with customers. The research empirically confirmed and theoretically proved that messaging is a crucial aspect of marketing. The results of the study can be helpful in the development of customer-oriented marketing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented paper discusses the complex processes and challenges of the modern world, which are directly related to the development of sharing economy business models in digital platforms. It also explains the main features of the concept and describes the peer-to-peer effects globally and in the context of local cases in Georgia. Georgia is a developing country where the digital trust-forming process has started within the last few years. The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced digital business by increasing transactions over the Internet, which creates enormous opportunities for platforms from the sharing economy. The paper focuses on two areas: the problems of involvement in the sharing economy and the obstacles that directly or indirectly hinder the entities participating in the sharing economy. The research concentrates on consumer experiences and the prospects for developing the current model of the economy even more in future. The combination of consumer values is a dilemma that needs exploration to ensure the successful functioning of sharing economy services. Therefore, research outcomes fill the literature gap related to consumer behaviour on the local sharing economy digital platforms. In order to better understand consumer behavioural characteristics, this study examines motivational factors (technical, customer, trust-based) that individually influence satisfaction and the intention to use a platform in a peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation again. Based on relevant literature and an online survey of 259 questionnaire respondents, who actively use sharing services locally in Georgia, this study confirms that technical prepositions, consumer values attributes and platform trust-based characteristics are positively associated with customer satisfaction and loyalty. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that satisfaction positively correlates with future intentions mediated simultaneously by the above-mentioned factors. The research findings can be developed in future academic research to study the digital trust-building process and analyse the complex nature of the sharing economy markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper assessed the issue of gender differences in the perception of individual types of COBRAs (Consumers' Online Brand Related Activities) and the associated motivations (information, entertainment, social interaction, and remuneration) for these activities on the social network Instagram. The paper analyzed data gathered from questionnaires (a sample of 401 respondents) that had been spread online via computer-assisted web interviewing. Gender differences were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Seven research hypotheses were formulated concerning the literature review and the current state of research in this area. Based on the results, it could be stated that four of them are statistically significant. Specifically, the study observed gender differences in the perception of three of the four analyzed motivations as latent variables. The study verified gender differences in the perception of the issue in the case of information motives, motives of entertainment, and motives of social interaction. Still, the motive of remuneration did not show sufficient statistical significance. In the case of the three analyzed consumers' online brand-related activities as latent variables, the authors observed only one case of statistical significance of the gender difference in the case of consumption activity, while neither contributing nor creating as activities showed statistical significance. At the level of manifest variables, the paper observed two cases of statistical significance of the factors related to the contributing activity. However, that was insufficient to confirm this activity's significance as a latent variable. A significance level of 0.05 was proposed. The findings were presented in the context of existing research with a pointed future direction of the research in this area, which lies mainly in extending the analysis to other social networking platforms, other markets, and a narrower demographic perspective in the sample for a deeper understanding of the phenomena studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past three decades, the concept of sustainable development became the focus of attention in practically all developed and developing countries. This concept aims to balance various economic, ecological, and social aspects that form the key pillars of sustainability. Notwithstanding the growing literature on sustainability, it is still unclear what components impact it. This paper summarizes and systematizes contemporary theoretical and methodological approaches to sustainable development and reviews urban sustainability factors mentioned in the literature to identify which ones are the most common and considered to be the most important. The authors analyzed the theoretical and practical foundations of the circular economy as a relatively new trend in sustainable urban development. Through the literature analysis, this paper concluded that the factors mentioned the most are related to the traditional three pillars of the sustainability model. Overall, 14 factors have been identified and packed into 4 groups: social factors, environmental factors, economic factors, and awareness factors. The research made it clear that the circular economy concept keeps evolving. It could be useful for achieving higher levels of urban sustainability through impact on some of the key urban sustainability factors. The achievement of sustainable development goals is reached within the general modernization processes observed in the economy and society. The technological and managerial innovations currently being implemented take into account the social, economic, and ecological needs of different subjects to the economy. This research paper is limited by its reliance on other scholars' self-reporting results of their studies. The results of this study could be used for further research in this field and perform as a foundation of achieving sustainable development on different levels of management through circular business models, recycled raw materials market, and management of circular production and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses scientific arguments and counterarguments about companies’ innovative activity, size, and geographic location of the sales market. The study’s foremost purpose is to empirically check if theoretical statements about a company’s size, export, and innovative activity are associated. Therefore, the questions discussed in this paper are a) Does an enterprise-size matter an enterprise innovation activity? b) Is there is a difference in innovation activity by Classification of Economic Activities (NACE groups)? c) Does the geographic location of the sales market matter the company's innovation activity? The research questions are discussed based on Armenian firm-level data. The findings could be applied mainly to the microeconomic environment of Armenia. The study involved R programming language Wilcoxon test, ANOVA, Tukey test, and Chi-square test are applied. The obtained results showed that the enterprise’s size does not matter an enterprise’s innovative activity. Even though larger companies have more resources to innovate, smaller companies are more flexible and agile. Therefore, the enterprise size is not a limiting factor. The results showed that the companies in some fields of the economy are more prone to innovate than others. In Armenia, most innovative enterprises operate in the group MProfessional, scientific and technical activities and the group C-Manufacturing. The research empirically confirms that when considering a company’s innovative activity, the sphere of the economy in which it operates has statistically significant importance in contrast with the company’s size. The findings by the Chi-Square test showed that a significantly higher number of EU exporting companies had made innovations. In contrast, companies selling their products/services in the local market have made significantly fewer innovations than expected if there would be no association between innovations and the geographic location of the sales market. Therefore, the exporting companies are more innovative than those that sell their products in the local market. Besides, the most innovative firms are EU exporting enterprises. In empiric studies, export is used as a proxy of international competitiveness due to its ability to show a country’s capacity in producing and selling in the international market. Therefore, the analysis of Armenian firm-level data showed the association between innovation and international competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital age has changed the way businesses are run today. Technology is not just a priviledge but also a necessity. The recent pandemic has given important lessons to business to be proactive and advanced in technology. Customers occupy the centrestage in any business and giving them solutions promptly for their queries can leave a positive impression and lead to long term customer enagagment. For this, a trained team of employees are required who can give their services incessantly. However, the rising employee retention costs have impacted the profit margins of organisations and more human intervention becomes a hurdle in standardization of processes. Therefore, organisations are roping in artificial intelligence to be more efficient and cost effective. Chatbots are artificial intelligence softwares that have enabled organisations to give answers to customer queries online. The study intends to examine the significant factors in determining customers' intentions to use chatbots. This paper aims to understand the role of user experience, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and trust in customer chatbot use intentions from the Indian point of view. A structured questionnaire was utilized to gather data for testing the proposed model, which was conceptualized based on extant literature on technology acceptance and consumer behavior. A survey response of 354 respondents was taken. In order to test the constructs, the collected data was analyzed through AMOS 21. The research findings depicted the positive impact of user experience, trust performance expectancy, and effort expectancy on customer intention to use chatbots, which influences actual usage. This paper empirically demonstrates the relationship among various variables affecting customer intentions to use chatbots. Since the paper uses data collected from a sample not randomly selected, it may regulate the generalization of the results. This study intends to add to the current research gap in the existing literature about customer intention to use chatbots, mainly in the Indian context. The research examined how positive user experience, performance, effort expectancy, and trust affect customer intentions to take support from chatbots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to measure the extent to which public companies at the Palestine Stock Exchange have adopted social responsibility according to international standards and concepts represented by the four dimensions of social responsibility (economic, legal, ethical, and human dimensions). Unlike previous Palestinian studies, this paper provides a theoretical and practical basis for the actual application of corporate social responsibility, as well as the relationship of variables related to the company's work sector, age, classification in the market, and the adoption of social responsibility. To reach the aim, the applied study applied the descriptive analytical method by studying the content, percentages, mean, standard deviation, and relative weight, in addition to a t-test for one sample. The questionnaire was distributed to the study population as one for each company, as the study population consisted of 49 companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange. The study retrieved 38 questionnaires with a recovery rate of 77.6%. The findings showed a high degree of approval regarding «adopting social responsibility through the legal dimension», with a relative weight of 86.20%. There is a medium degree of approval regarding «adopting social responsibility through the ethical dimension» with relative weight. 82.58%, in addition to having a medium degree of approval regarding «adopting social responsibility through the economic dimension», with a relative weight of 78.53%. The results showed a lack of general approval regarding «adopting social responsibility through the human dimension», with a relative weight of 63.79%. The obtained results revealed that the public shareholding companies listed on the Palestine Securities Exchange adopt social responsibility programs through their four dimensions combined to a medium degree. There are no significant differences between the companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange and the leading and distinguished companies in their social responsibility practice, on the one hand, and between companies in terms of adopting social responsibility through its four dimensions, according to (work sector, company age), except for the company's classification variable in the market, on the other hand. The paper recommended that companies work on making an integrative relationship with the local community and achieve their own goals through such a surrounding environment. Therefore, they must take serious steps to increase the level of development of their relationship with the local community and improve the special programs and policies for social responsibility in solving problems related to social, economic, and environmental aspects. The state must also have a positive attitude and practices toward companies that adopt social responsibility, through legislation or procedures such as exempting them from taxes or other facilities in return for their social contribution. The study also recommended the need for greater attention to social responsibility through preparing plans and discussing them in the meetings of the Board of Directors so that they are taken into account in the budget. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper conducts a comprehensive theoretical exploration of the anti-crisis management mechanism within the context of local governance, with a specific focus on the integration of digital solutions. Theoretical underpinnings of "crisis" and "anti-crisis management" are expounded upon and synthesized, defining "crisis" as a transformative process that marks a pivotal juncture in system development, entailing irreversible changes. "Anti-crisis management" is considered a multifaceted concept encompassing systemic, process-oriented, and mechanistic dimensions. The examination of local-level crisis phenomena underscores the imperative for effective anti-crisis management aimed at stabilizing regional conditions and devising strategies to mitigate crisis risks. In this context, local-level anti-crisis management is characterized as "a comprehensive system of measures for diagnosing, preventing, neutralizing, and surmounting regional crises". To inform strategic decision-making for anti-crisis management, an in-depth analysis of local budget revenues and expenditures is conducted, serving as the foundation for judicious tool selection in crisis mitigation. Emphasizing a critical assessment of core concepts and the intricacies of anti-crisis management mechanisms, the paper delineates key objectives for its implementation at the regional level. With regional development as the focal point of anti-crisis management, this paper explores the applicability of digital tools for crisis regulation. However, these findings underscore the paramount importance of tailoring these mechanisms to the unique characteristics and latent potential of each region. The paper concludes with a comprehensive assessment of the efficacy of city budget fund utilization and proposes an approach to optimize the allocation and structure of local budget expenditures by incorporating digital elements to enhance decision-making and crisis response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the well-being and work motivation interactions of people working from home. Therefore, whether demographic variables could create differentiation is the second issue of this research. For their benefit, companies prefer to switch remote working formats to be financially efficient and innovative for the most necessities, led by knowledge and computer-based innovation communication technologies. However, on the employee's side, it is still debated whether this approach is good, bad or sustainable for a long time. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is arguable because there are many aspects of remote working practices and employer/employee interactions for finding an optimum. Therefore, well-being and work motivation were selected as the research aspects because these factors could reflect the perceived status of people working from home. The survey was administered in Turkey 4 months a time via an online questionnaire, which consisted of the Multidimensional Working Motivation Scale, the Well-Being Index and demographic variables related to a total of 19 questions with 214 participants. The gathered data revealed that work motivation and well-being interact in a positive manner according to the correlation coefficient. was 0.177 (p<0.01). The interaction between the Amotivation subscale and Well-Being was negative. was found to be -0.306 (p<001). However, demographic variables impacting the differentiation of work motivation and well-being are considered demographic variables, as not all demographic variables have the same impact on work motivation and well-being. The identified Regulation, Intrinsic Motivation and Well-Being interaction were also found to be positive, as they had correlation coefficients of 0.383 and 0.351, respectively. On the other hand, for demographic variable differential effect purposes, age and income had meaningful differential effects on well-being; 35-to 44-year-old people had more well-being points (57.2), and those whose income was higher had a better well-being situation (56.45) than others. However, for work motivation evaluation, there was no meaningful effect of demographic variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to contribute to the literature by investigating the impact of eco-innovation on business performance within the institutional theory framework and from a resource-based perspective. Specifically, this paper explores the influence of eco-innovation on business performance by adopting a green marketing orientation. This study builds a complete framework that establishes a connection between environmental innovation, market uncertainty, green market orientation, and corporate performance. The current investigation uses the conceptual underpinnings of the resource-based view (RBV) to evaluate the potential mitigating impact that a company's eco-innovation attempts may have in the setting of unpredictable market dynamics. It is widely held that to develop a positive correlation between corporate performance and eco-innovation, it is vital to possess a comprehensive understanding of the environment. In contrast to several other industries, the pharmaceutical sector has the capacity to address environmental concerns through the implementation of unique solutions tailored to its specific context, namely, its services. This article addresses the moderating influence of market uncertainty and analyses eco-innovations as a reaction to their green marketing-oriented holistic approach to achieving competitive advantages and business performance. It examines eco-innovations as a reaction to their green marketing orientation and holistic approach to achieving competitive advantages and business performance. The integration of institutional theory and green marketing theory is also included, as is an examination of the moderating effect of market uncertainty. According to a survey of Pakistan's pharmaceutical business, the empirical findings reveal that a competitive environment strongly urges the industry to adopt a holistic green strategy. Eco-innovation serves as a mediator between green marketing orientation and business performance and directly impacts business performance. The findings will assist management and corporate leaders in their decision-making process on using eco-innovation to achieve sustainability objectives. This study addresses the existing theoretical and empirical knowledge gap by providing insights that can assist corporate leaders in effectively leveraging and attaining improved outcomes by implementing holistic green marketing strategies. This approach aims to enhance their understanding of the mediating and moderating elements. Furthermore, market uncertainty mitigates the effect of eco-innovation on business performance while amplifying its contribution to the link between green marketing orientation and performance. Future research directions, ramifications, and consequences for eco-innovation studies in the Pakistani context are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the main theoretical points within the scientific discussion on the issue of digitalization in Mass Customization concept and online Mass Customization frameworks. Origins of a stand-alone Mass Customization concept drawback to the second half of the 1990s, but major theoretical content changes and development have been identified in the last 2 decades. An intensive application of combined technology and management solutions, digital society and business transformations in the past decade has shifted the orientation of the concept to intangible products management, customer involvement and mutual value creation via frameworks in the online environment. The main purpose of the research is to reveal and present the role and impact of the digitalization sub-domain to the Mass Customization concept, its transition to the e-concept version and modelling of new combined online customization frameworks. The decision relevance of this scientific problem is multiple issues in transitions of practical organizations to the modern and mixed technological-management approach-based Mass Customization version as well as application limitations of existing online customization frameworks. The analysis of the research topic is carried out in the logical sequence. Firstly, the author presented the influence of the digitalization sub-domain to theoretical transformations of traditional Mass Customization concept. Then, a case study of the organizational transition to electronic Mass Customization and Personalization and online customization frameworks was conducted. Methodological tools and research methods used in the paper have been integrative literature review and narrative synthesis of qualitative findings of 53 articles, and a simplified Robinson conceptual modelling framework together with a c-tuple method for the simulation of new combined online customization frameworks. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that within last decade both practical and academic attention to sustainable and agile development of new, fully digital customized products and personalized services as well as flexible online customization frameworks and solutions significantly have increased. Furthermore, here the extent by 6 new online customization frameworks is offered next to 3 standard theoretical online customization frameworks, which became difficult to apply in the environment and preferences of modern e-business organizations and digital end-users. The results of the research can be useful for continuous scientific researches to test and validate 6 new online customization frameworks in a feedback loop part and evaluate the influence of these frameworks to a digital end-user behaviour, their role in frameworks and attitude aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of social media platforms, HR marketing, E-recruitment and human capital management. The primary purpose of the research is to determine whether the size of the selected healthcare providers influences (1) the active use of social media platforms and (2) the creation of the recruitment videos to address potential employees on the internal or external labour market. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problems of the social media platforms, HR marketing, E-recruitment and human capital management indicate that the implementation of IT technologies in the field of human resources management is becoming a necessity in today's world. Regarding methodological tools of the research methods, this research study used quantitative and qualitative marketing research as the essential primary sources of information and data. For the precise questionnaire survey and understanding of the individual questions in the questionnaire, a pretest questionnaire survey was also carried out. The pretest was conducted in the fourth quarter of 2018 on a sample of eight respondents. A significant marketing quantitative research followed after the removal of minor shortcomings, from October 2018 to January 2019. The object of the study was selected healthcare service providers in the Czech Republic. Fifty-eight healthcare service providers were thus analysed. Besides other things, two research hypotheses and one research question were formulated. In the research study, the Pearson's chi-square test, Microsoft Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS Statistics 23 were used to verify the research hypotheses. The research paper presents the results of an empirical analysis showing that (1) there is no statistically significant relationship between the size of the selected healthcare service provider and the active use of the social media platforms as an HR marketing tool; (2) there is a statistically significant relationship between the size of the selected healthcare service provider and the creation of recruiting videos to address potential employees on the internal or external labour market; (3) social media platforms are used for the communication with the patients, clients, public and further for PR or promotion of selected healthcare service provider and the recruitment purposes of human resources and HR marketing. The research also empirically confirms and theoretically proves the need for IT knowledge and the active use of IT technology in the area of human resources management, today in the 21st century. The results of the research can be useful for the domestic and foreign healthcare service providers such as hospitals, maternity hospitals, children's hospitals, hospital wards, field hospitals, nursing homes, asylums, clinics, sanatoriums of long term disease, health resorts, thermal baths, healing spas and other health and medical institutions or for academicians that are interested in human resource management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The access to common-pool resources, i.e. to resources in limited common property, are legally distributed in a far more diverse way than limited private property resources. In transportation, a critical case for common-pool resources appear in Green Transport Corridors (GTC), that has been coined by European Union as being «sustainable logistics solutions for cargo transportation' with a shared pool of resources aiming for multimodal trans-shipment routes with a concentration of freight traffic between significant hubs». Although there are already existing implementations of GTC concepts, there are still a lot of open questions concerning GTC governance and ownership models hindering easy marketing of the GTC approach. This paper discusses how and to which extent smart contracts in combination with blockchain technology as innovative solutions are able to facilitate GTC governance and how smart contracts can be applied to provide legal certainty by managing and allocating distributed access to common-pool resources. Smart contracts can be considered as computerised transaction protocols for the execution of underlying legal contracts, and they do not only target reducing transaction costs by realising trackable and irreversible transactions through blockchain technology for distributed databases, but also show high potential to strengthen cooperative business structures and to facilitate the entrepreneurial collaboration of cross-organisational business processes. From a legal perspective, it is controversial whether the use of smart contracts to distribute access to resources in terms of both general common-pool resources. GTCs implies an added value automatically for legal certainty and fair balance among different forms and degrees of access granted to different members of the cooperative. In cases of incorrect performance, change of circumstances or unduly induced contracts smart contracts fall considerably short on the protection of weaker parties, which the paper illustrates at the example of GTCs to be a decisive detriment of the cooperative members. The paper analyses these potentials and risks of smart contracts for the case of GTCs and showcases from both business and legal perspective in terms of their potential as viable means of distributing access to common-pool resources comprising infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the problem of teleworking. Due to the constraints of the pandemic, the education sector has undergone a dramatic change, with teachers and students en masse moved to work from home. In the past, digital solutions have gradually penetrated the education sector, but the pandemic has turned the process into social innovation in the broad sense and performance innovation in the narrow sense. The latter aspect is addressed in this article. The paper aims to reveal the effect of the transition to teleworking on employees in the education sector. Based on the survey results, the study reports experiences of higher education and college professors, secondary schools and vocational schools' teachers and managerial staff in terms of personal well-being, management quality, and performance. The paper is novel in terms of the scope of the study: it analyses the teleworking issue in different educational institutions. In addition, the study compares the experiences of education staff and managers. There is a lack of such research in the scientific literature in the education sector. The research confirms that telecommuting managers experienced less shock and fatigue than professors and teachers. In addition, university professors proved to be the best prepared to work in innovative ways, but they also rated the performance of their managers' management work the worst among all educational institutions. Meanwhile, while teachers in secondary schools rated telework the most negatively, they rated the ability of their leaders to lead the team in extraordinary conditions the best. The research results can be useful for education leaders and policymakers as well as for researchers dealing with the topics of teleworking, teachers' job performance, employee fatigue, and leadership competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of leadership continues to develop as a concept that still maintains its importance. In the most general sense, leadership shapes employees' behaviours and facilitates all processes to achieve common goals and objectives. In today's innovative and rapidly changing business world, practical and good leadership is an important study topic in management studies. Effective and good leadership, also known as positive leadership, motivates ineffective employees, develops their skills, improves negative attitudes and behaviours and copes with stress and burnout. Positive Psychology is the newly advancing field of organisational behaviour sciences. Positive leadership highly addresses its relevance with positive character traits as defined virtue. Virtues, which are the source of well-being and glorify people's feelings, thoughts and behaviours, manifest as business ethics principles in business life. The virtues play an influential and vital role in various leadership styles, such as ethical, spiritual and transformational leadership. On the other hand, these leadership styles do not extensively define the core characteristics of a virtuous leader. In this direction, over the past decade, numerous virtuous leadership theories and models have recently developed that cite virtues as essential and indispensable. A review of previous studies revealed a gap in the literature on virtuous leadership. The problem of this study is that virtuous leadership has been examined in primarily ethical literature. This study aims to conceptualise by examining the prominent approaches of virtuous leadership according to the current literature. Traditional literature scrutiny is used as the research method in the paper. Studies are scattered in the relevant literature. This paper summarises the existing virtuous leadership literature and brings out a literature review. The study provides an overview of virtuous leadership theories and models among the definitions and classifications listed in Table 1 and also presents virtues-relevant leadership theories in the literature. Thence, it is expected to contribute to management, leadership and organisational behaviour. The research is a current study in terms of the subject discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the management and motivation of people and employees as part of the corporate culture in a selected company in a retail chain. The selected company has been operating in Slovakia since 2000, when it opened its first branch. Today, this chain of stores operates almost all over Slovakia and is still expanding. Primary and secondary data, methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison and statistical methods (Chi square test) are used to prepare the paper. The first part contains theoretical starting points and knowledge of the investigated issue from Slovak and foreign sources. The methodology contains a precise definition of the main goal, subgoals of the work, material and work procedure. The following is an analysis of the actual state of the selected entity. We use the questionnaire method to obtain information to evaluate leadership and motivation. The questionnaire is composed of 14 questions, 5 of which are identification questions, and the others are focused on the preferred style of leadership and satisfaction, on building a corporate culture, on current benefits and satisfaction with them, on potential benefits and on demotivation factories. The survey was completed by 57 respondents who were employees of one of the branches. Three hypotheses are formulated as part of this survey. Among the main analysis results, we can include satisfaction with the leadership style and the perception of corporate culture in the sense of "Everything for people" (for customers and employees) but also negative things such as insufficient current benefits and demotivation in the form of employee overload, bad working relations or insufficient environmental responsibility. All 3 hypotheses were rejected. Satisfaction with the leadership style does not depend on years of service, satisfaction with benefits received does not affect the age of the employees, and building a corporate culture does not depend on the leadership style of people. Subsequently, proposals and recommendations for practice are formulated based on the analysis. Among the most important proposals are support for the health of employees in the form of vitamin packages and wellness, sick days, financial rewards and team building. The conclusion of the paper also includes the limitations of the research and its possible extensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the article was to describe selected factors of hotel business in the Slovak Republic in the years 2001 to 2020 and identify the economic impacts of measures related to the pandemic crisis COVID-19 in 2020. At the same time through selected marketing tools. Paper is also focused on innovative marketing tools used in the hotel business during a pandemic time and their impact on business effectiveness. To analyze the situation in the hotel business in the Slovak Republic, we used a statistical method of comparison within the period under study. To obtain qualified answers to the stated research goals and subsequent research questions, we statistically processed available data on the number of domestic and foreign visitors, as well as the capacity of accommodation facilities in the monitored period. Subsequently, we carried out research in the hotel sector using the method of controlled structured interviews. The results were processed through exploratory factor analysis, based on which we were able to evaluate marketing tools with the most significant impact on efficiency in the hotel business in the Slovak Republic. The measures taken in connection with the coronavirus COVID-19 caused significant economic impacts on the hotel business in the Slovak Republic, as in 2020 the number of foreign visitors dropped to 20-year lows. The analysis of the environment in the hotel business for the period under study showed that the impact of measures within the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the number of visitors, the amount of revenues and the number of accommodation facilities. The research of structured interviews with accommodation facility managers showed that the use or non-use of marketing activities (websites, PPC advertising, social media) had a significant effect on the reduction of revenues. The findings of the analysis of the environment clearly show that the relaxation of the economic measures in the summer of 2020 increased the number of domestic visitors to a higher level than in the same period in 2019, but there was no increase in the number of foreign visitors. We can state that if the epidemic comes under control, there will be a massive increase in the number of visitors and thus an increase in revenues. In case, that Slovak hotel managers would use innovative marketing tools more in the future when communicating with potential customers, it is highly probable that their potential losses would be lower in the next crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mainstream economics sees the solution to the problem of exploitative use of limited natural resources in a properly functioning price system. The price mechanism thus works on the principle of scarcity: if a natural resource becomes scarce, it is used less (higher demand causes an increase in the price of the resource). This argumentation is subject to the fulfilment of one condition: the price mechanism must work properly. The criticism of mainstream economics lies in the fact that the global market still offers producers locations with attractive input prices. This is how we achieve global economic growth but also an enormous increase in environmental problems. The clothing industry makes a significant global contribution to increasing the environmental burden. Enormous production is seconded here by customer demand. Specifically, fast fashion represents a constant cycle of buying and disposing of clothes, leading to a significant amount of textile waste. Consumers, with their decision-making power and choices, can be a part of a solution, but it is necessary to know their behaviour. The aim of the paper was to examine whether there exist differences among four female generational cohorts in Slovakia regarding their attitudes towards sustainable clothes and their real purchase behaviour. The questionnaire survey on the sample of n = 428 respondents was used as a method of data collection. One-way ANOVA was used to determine differences between all age groups. A Tukey post hoc test revealed that (1) Gen Y and Gen Z had significantly higher attitudes towards sustainable clothing in comparison with Baby Boomers and (2) Gen X and Gen Y expressed higher levels of purchases of sustainable clothes in comparison with both Baby Boomers and Gen Z. There were no significant differences in actual purchases of sustainable clothing between Gen X and Gen Y or between Baby Boomers and Gen Z. The oldest and youngest generations (Baby Boomers and Gen Z) do not differ among themselves but buy significantly less sustainable clothes in comparison with Gen X and Gen Y. Overall, all generations showed positive attitudes towards sustainable clothes, especially younger generations, but this was not fully reflected in their real purchase behaviour. Gen Z and Baby Boomers tend not to buy sustainable clothes, and Gen X and Gen Y are indifferent in this issue. This knowledge helps companies within the fashion industry concentrate on specific segments, tailor their communication strategies accordingly, target educational statements and adopt appropriate practices that are in line with consumer behaviour. To effectively tackle this matter, understanding diverse consumer groups can be highly advantageous, offering valuable insights into their behavioural patterns. It helps to distinguish practices that motivate female consumers to purchase sustainable clothes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this day and age, where we are constantly exposed to advertising messages and information, it is not surprising that advertising also plays a significant role in the political sphere. The impact of advertising on changing voter behavior in the Slovak Republic is a matter that deserves attention as political campaigns increasingly use advertising techniques and media to achieve their objectives. Advertising in elections is nothing new, but its form and scope have changed significantly with the advent of the digital era. Candidates and political parties are investing heavily in advertising campaigns, which range from traditional media such as television, radio and print to new online platforms and social media. The aim of the paper is to summarize the issue of advertising, as well as to analyse the impact of advertising i on the change in voting behaviour and decision-making of Slovak consumers (voters). The primary information was obtained by actual collection. The sample consisted of 362 respondents. The subjects of the research were consumers living in the region of eastern Slovakia. The obtained primary data were then processed in the statistical program, and Pearson's chi-squared test and Cramer's V were used to confirm or reject the established hypotheses. The second hypothesis examined has also been confirmed and shows us that there is a significant relationship between the means of advertising and the gender of respondents. The results of our research can be of benefit to various stakeholders. Political actors and parties will gain valuable information on how to use advertising effectively during campaigns. The media will have a better understanding of the impact of political advertisements and how to improve their services. The public will have a better understanding of the impact of political ads on voter decisions, and the academic community will have new insights to study and research. Overall, these results contribute to the transparency, information and quality of the political process in the Slovak Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of the development of female entrepreneurship in tourism. Today female entrepreneurs consider being the driving force of economies. Many governments try to promote female engagement in many economies to cover the gender gap. The tourism sphere has a great significance in the economy of the Republic of Armenia. For Armenia, it is crucial to foster female entrepreneurship in tourism that leads to sustainable and equitable development of regions and contributes to social, economic, and environmental development. Today women face many problems for starting a business in tourism in Armenia. The problems are connected with the lack of finance, necessary knowledge, and skills in management, marketing, business organization, etc. The research aims to explore the main competencies and needs of sustainable entrepreneurship and female entrepreneurial skills in the tourism sector. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem unveiled many studies on promoting female entrepreneurship in tourism. Investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence. Firstly, some literature sources were discussed, then the current tourism situation in Armenia was analyzed, and finally, the main results of surveys were presented. The methodological tool of the research was mainly a survey based on a questionnaire, which includes about 50 questions and 45 questions regarding the main skills. The study applied quantitative and statistical methods to analyze the survey results. The survey engaged women who have or plans to start a business in tourism. The results indicate that women have many problems with starting a business. Also, they have difficulties in business development, doing innovations, marketing and attracting tourists, etc. They rate their skills level at a medium-rare, and the majority want to improve their skills for doing business, marketing, communication, analytical, decision-making, and other skills. The results could be the basis on which many steps are taken to promote sustainable female entrepreneurship in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Society 5.0, industry 4.0, globalization, digitalization, and even pandemic have changed the whole labor market. Thus, the market expands, and the need for employees is very high. Nowadays, employers face with huge lack of qualified and even unqualified workforce. On the contrary, employees are unwilling to change their workplace, return to normal contract work, or even start work. They become less engaged in all organizational processes and performance. Organizations are forced to think about employee attraction, retention, and engagement by applying various modern instruments and methods. Employee engagement is a trending topic among human resource managers because it directly correlates with organizational performance, customer satisfaction, and even its financial results. It helps to retain employees, explode their competencies, and improve organizational results. In this paper, employee engagement could be defined as individual, job, and organization engagement. Gamification is a powerful tool that increases employee engagement because it allows transforming boring and routine tasks into interesting and meaningful activities and engaging employees. Gamification motivates employees, providing the mean or satisfying internal or external needs. Regular engagement methods already could not achieve key purpose indicators, so gamification could be one of the new ways of work. Although organizations are highly interested in gamification application possibilities, there is a relative lack of research concerning gamification in employee engagement growth. This paper aims to identify how gamification affects employee engagement - individual, job, and organizational. The quantitative empirical research evaluated the theoretically grounded framework of gamification and employee engagement. The results showed that gamification has the strongest impact on individual and job engagement. In the process of assessing the engagement factors and gamification relationship, gamification makes the most substantial impact on reward and recognition, procedural justice, feedback, distributive justice, perceived supervisor support, career, knowledge, learning, and development opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The central topic of the paper is talent management. It is a highly topical subject matter in science and theory of business management, particularly human resource management. Attracting and retaining talented employees has become one of the key roles of modern human resource management. The paper aims to provide an analytical view of the use of selected innovative human resource management (HRM) practices through a comparison of companies that implemented talent management practices and companies that did not implement talent management practices. In addition to processing the theoretical basis of talent management, the paper presents the research results carried out on a sample of 187 Slovak companies. Primary data were collected in person and through a questionnaire from January to June 2021. The research aimed to determine the current state of implementation of talent management practices in the Slovak Republic and verify the existence of statistically significant differences in the rate of use of selected innovative HRM practices methods between companies that implemented talent management practices and companies that did not implement talent management practices. For the research purposes, HRM practices directly related to the acquisition, development, and retention of talented employees were selected, particularly training and development, evaluation of individual performance, and remuneration. In the case of HRM practices, the research focused on methods used in the implementation of individual practices. In contrast, the rate of use of each method was determined on a Likert scale 1-5, with a value of 1. It expresses a low rate of use of the method and a value of 5 a high rate of use. To meet the aim of the research, research hypotheses for individual HRM practices were tested, in particular the H1 (training and development), H2 (performance evaluation), H3 (remuneration). For each HRM practice, three partial hypotheses were tested. The Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of 5% was used to test the hypotheses, i.e., to determine statistically significant differences between the companies that implemented talent management practices and companies that did not implement talent management practices. The research results confirmed statistically significant differences in the use of selected HRM practices between companies that implemented talent management practices and companies that did not implement talent management practices in the case of 8 variables. In the case of 1 variable, the hypothesis was not confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of local investments in education on the economic growth of different regions in China. It examines both the direct and indirect effects of financial investments in education. It analyzes the role of human capital and intellectual capital as mediators in the relationship between education and economic growth. The study utilizes a panel data model and a model of mediating effects to conduct an empirical analysis using data from China between 2000 and 2018. The findings indicate that local financial investment in education significantly impacts economic growth, although the magnitude of this effect varies across regions. Investing in education directly stimulates economic growth and indirectly promotes it by accumulating human and intellectual capital. Therefore, increasing investment in education and nurturing innovative, high-level talent are crucial steps towards achieving high-quality economic development in China. The literature review reveals that investment in education has been extensively studied concerning economic growth, with scholars emphasizing the role of human capital in the production process and the positive effects of education on worker productivity and income equality. However, educational investment's impact on economic growth has shown variations in different countries and regions. Some studies suggest that excessive development of higher education may hinder local economic development, while others highlight the positive impact of educational inputs on human capital quality and technological innovation. To examine the causal mechanism explicitly, this paper proposes a causal inference model based on mediating effects, considering both human capital and intellectual capital as mediating variables. The research methodology includes a baseline regression model and a model of mediating products, employing panel data techniques and instrumental variable estimation to address endogeneity issues. The results of the baseline regression analysis support the positive relationship between local financial investment in education and economic growth, controlling for other factors such as capital stock, labour force, urbanization rate, trade dependence, and population growth. Furthermore, the mediating effects model suggests that education investment indirectly influences economic growth by enhancing human capital and promoting technological innovation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how education affects regional economies in China. In conclusion, this study highlights the significance of education in driving high-quality economic development in China. It emphasizes the importance of increasing investment in education and fostering the development of innovative and highly skilled individuals. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth through education reform and targeted investments in human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]