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Karyotypes of Dremomys pernyi from Kanding, Sichuan Province, China and D. pyrrhomerus from Nanling, Guangdong Province, China were examined. The karyotype of D. pernyi was of 2n = 40 and FNa = 72, while that of D. pyrrhomerus was of 2n = 38 and FNa = 70. Karyotype of D. pernyi from Kanding was different in 2n and FNa from reported karyotype of conspecific population from Taiwan, and it is suggested that the Taiwan population represents a distinct species D. owstoni from D. pernyi. The difference between karyotypes of D. pernyi and D. pyrrhomerus may involve at least a Robertsonian rearrangement and a heterochromatin addition.

The genus Kerivoula includes about 20 species, and 12 species have been recorded in the Indomalayan Region, including recently described species such as K. kachinensis from northern Myanmar, K. krauensis from Peninsular Malaysia, and K. titania from Southeast Asia (Corbet and Hill 1992; Bates et al. 2004, 2007; Simmons 2005; Thong et al. 2006; Francis et al. 2007). Among them, K. titania was recently described by Bates et al. (2007) from the Seima Biodiversity Conservation Area, Cambodia, and it is widely distributed in mainland Southeast Asia in 13 localities in five countries: Myanmar, Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Vietnam (Bates et al. 2007). Only two Kerivoula bats have been recorded from China, K. picta and K. hardwickii (Zhang 1997; Wang 2003). Recently, we collected eight specimens identified as K. titania for the first time from Hainan Island and Taiwan as reported below.

The genus Crocidura is one of the largest genera among mammals and widely distributed in Eurasia, Africa, and Southeast Asia. We review the recent advances in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of this genus in East and Southeast Asia. Sympatric distributions of two or more species are known in several localities. Karyotypes of East and Southeast Asian species are divided into several groups. From karyological comparison and molecular phylogeny, those groups are suggested to have formed by geographical isolation in islands and in the continent in East and Southeast Asia. To clarify evolutionary history of East and Southeast Asian species, comprehensive studies with the West Asian and European species from karyological and molecular approaches are desired.