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Introduction: Smooth transition from study to work is crucial in preparing students for work. Although the questionnaire was used in previous studies to measure transition to work, a limited validated questionnaire is available. The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable Study-to-Work Transition Questionnaire, Malaysian Version (S2WTQMV) that can be used to identify challenges that students face during clinical posting, work readiness, and job satisfaction. Materials and methods: The development of S2WTQMV was conducted in five phases: i) a questionnaire development through literature review; ii) a content validation of the questionnaire; iii) a feasibility study of the questionnaire; iv) the distribution of the questionnaire to 130 occupational therapy alumni; and v) a construct validation of the questionnaire using the ADANCO Version 2.1.1. Results: The questionnaire's content validity achieved I-CVI ≥0.78 and S-CVI/Ave ≥0.90. Four items with low factor loading (<0.50) and four items with low AVE were removed. The convergent validity of the questionnaire achieved AVE ≥0.50. Good construct reliability was also indicated based on the Dijkstra-Henseler's rho, Jöreskog's rho and Cronbach's alpha values of more than 0.70. Conclusion: S2WTQMV is acceptable to be used as a tool to identify the challenges faced during clinical posting, work readiness and job satisfaction of graduates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Infantile esotropia, a prevalent strabismus problem among children, presents various challenges for both children and their parents. Despite this problem, an adequate instrument to evaluate the quality of life in our language is currently lacking. Hence, the objective of this study was to develop and validate a novel questionnaire that assesses the quality of life among children with infantile esotropia and their parents. Methods: The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019. The development of the questionnaire was grounded on existing literature, a survey, interviews, and expert brainstorming. Subsequently, a validation study was executed on both the children and their parents. Results: A novel questionnaire comprising three versions in Malay language targeting children aged 5-8 years (2 subthemes, 10 items), children aged 9-17 years (10 items, 2 subthemes), and their parents (25 items, 4 subthemes) was developed. Each item demonstrated satisfactory content evidence (scale level-content validity index, averaging method >0.8), and sound response process evidence (scale-level face validity index, averaging method >0.8). The questionnaires exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.84-0.87 (5-8 years old), 0.83- 0.86 (9-17 years old), and 0.85-0.89 (parents)), acceptable intraclass correlation coefficients (r=0.497, p<0.01 (5-8 years old), r=0.728, p<0.01 (9-17 years old), and r=0.746, p<0.01 (parents)), and significant correlations with the IXTQ (r=0.780, p<0.01 (5-8 years old), r=0.602, p<0.01 (9-17 years old), and r=0.444, p<0.01 (parents) ). Conclusion: The IEQ has been proven to be a reliable and valid measure for evaluating the quality of life in children with infantile esotropia and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Uncontrolled hypertension is a leading cause of death worldwide and self-care is one of the essential management strategies. However, data regarding the psychometric properties of self-care instruments in the Indonesian context is lacking. This study aims to validate the Hypertension Self-care Profile (HBP SCP) instrument in the Indonesia version. Methods: A forward-backward translation technique was used for the Hypertension (HBP SCP) questionnaire. This questionnaire had three domains namely motivation, self-efficacy, and behavior. It was completed by a total of 191 respondents and the survey was conducted from September to December 2021 in the Health Primary Care Bandung West Java, Indonesia. The Cronbach's alpha was used to test the reliability scale, the content validity index was assessed by five experts, and item inter-correlation was analyzed to test the total items. Results: The results showed that the content validity index was in the excellent category with a value of 0.89. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.875, indicating satisfactory internal consistency. Furthermore, the total items correlation had a significance value of 0.05 (df = N-2) for the three scales namely 0.353-0.742, 0.302-0.642, and 0.237-0.649 for motivation, self-efficacy, and behavior, respectively. Conclusion: The Indonesian version of the Hypertension HBP SCP instrument is valid and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Food insecurity is a major concern in low-income homes, and often leads to health issues. It arises when people do not have consistent access to adequate food to live an active and healthy life. A variety of measures are available to measure food insecurity, each with its own sets of advantages and disadvantages. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is the most recent tool designed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to assess experiences associated with food insecurity. The tool has cross-cultural equivalence, validity, and reliability. The purpose of this study is to determine the Malay version of FIES's validity (content and construct) and reliability. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 124 participants aged 15 and up from the Felda Bukit Cherakah, Puncak Alam, Selangor community (n=124). A panel of experts examined the questionnaire, followed by a field-test for clarity conducted among 20 selected subjects. The construct's validity was determined using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the internal consistency was determined using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: Content validity was expressed in interrater agreement (IRA) with 100% agreement. The content validity index (CVI) had a value of 100%, and factorial validity index (FVI) showed that majority of the experts allocated the domain for the correct items. Face validity proved that the Malay version of FIES was relatively understandable, simple and answerable. Factor analysis of the FIES questions revealed two underlying structures; Factor 1 (food uncertainty) and Factor 2 (quantity). Meanwhile, Cronbach's alpha coefficient indicates that FIES had acceptable internal consistency (0.759). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the adapted FIES measure may have some utility in assessing food insecurity in sub-urban settings. In conclusion, FIES is a valid and reliable tool to measure food insecurity among the Malaysian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Noise is a major risk factor for hearing problem; however, chemicals also contribute to the current prevalence of hearing problem worldwide. In many countries, industrial practices are performed without considering the possible ototoxic health consequences of solvents. Therefore, measuring the awareness level of ototoxicity risk has become a major concern. This study aims to validate a questionnaire to measure the awareness of ototoxicity risk among paint and coating manufacturing industriess. Methods: The questionnaire was adapted from Alnuman and Ghnimat (2019). The translation process in this study employed forward-only translations. The questionnaire was assessed in terms of its content and face validity before it was administered to 80 paint and coating manufacturing workers to determine the internal consistency reliability. Results: Content validation of this questionnaire showed an excellent content validity score with Content Validity Ratio (CVR) for each item and the mean score for all items included in the instruments; Content Validity Index (CVI) were both 1.0. Face validation resulted in an overall scale-level FVI of above 0.80, with an average index (S-FVI/Ave) for clarity and comprehension at 1.0 and 0.99, respectively. Meanwhile, the universal agreement index (S-FVI/UA) for clarity and comprehension of the questionnaire scale were both 0.90. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was excellent (0.82). Conclusion: The questionnaire to assess awareness level of ototoxicity risk from solvent exposure is valid and reliable. It demonstrates good psychometric properties. However, future research should look at additional types of validity and reliability, such as construct validity and test-retest reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Postpartum mothers in Malaysia are prevalent in adhering to traditional confinement practices after giving birth. Nevertheless, there is no standardized questionnaire used in assessing confinement practice among postpartum mothers in Malaysia. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of translated Malay version of Confinement Practice (CP) questionnaire among Malaysian postpartum mothers. Methods: The recommended forward and backwards translation method was used. Content validation was assessed by 10 experts and the value was calculated through content validity index. Test-retest reliability was performed on 20 postpartum mothers, using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The internal consistency was assessed through Chronbach's alpha analysis on 308 postpartum mothers. Results: The Malay version of CP questionnaire (CP-M) showed satisfactory validation of Content Validity Index (CVI), with the value of .99 for average score of content validity index by scale (S-CVI/Ave) and .90 for universal agreement of content validity index by scale (S-CVI/UA). Test-retest reliability was established through Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, obtained an average value of .769. Chronbach's alpha coefficient yield a value of .793, which indicated that this questionnaire is adequate for research purposes. Conclusion: In conclusion, the evidence on the questionnaire's validity and reliability in assessing confinement practices among postpartum mothers has been obtained. Thus, we recommend the use of CP-M among postpartum mothers in the Malaysian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Culinary nutrition is a science that aims to apply nutritional concepts into culinary art to serve healthier foods. This study aimed to develop and validate a newly developed culinary nutrition questionnaire to assess chefs' culinary nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP). Methods: The KAP questionnaire was developed to be consistent with the Malaysian Dietary Guideline (2010) and Malaysian ingredients. It consisted of 31 items and tested its content validity among four experts using Content Validity Index (CVI), followed by back-to-back-translation process. Finally, 180 chefs answered the questionnaire followed by statistical analysis to evaluate the construct validity using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and reliability using Cronbach alpha. Results: One item was deleted after content validity and four items were omitted after testing the construct validity because their lower factor loading value. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was derived from (EFA) for knowledge section is 0.631 with total variance 34.7%, attitude is 0.665 with total variance 53.1%, and practice section is 0.841 with total variance 54.6%. The total Cronbach alpha value was 0.712. The Cronbach alpha value for knowledge, attitude, and practice domains were 0.77, 0.73, and 0.88 respectively. Conclusion: The final draft of the questionnaire consisted of 26 items. The questionnaire is valid and reliable. This questionnaire is suitable to be used to assess chefs' culinary nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRB) are actions or interests demonstrated in the form of repetitive motor movement that interferes with one's daily performance. Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) is a self-report questionnaire designed to assess the variety and severity of RRB in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) comprehensively. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Malay version of RBS-R questionnaire. Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation of the RBS-R was performed following established guidelines. The questionnaire was assessed its content and face validity before it was administered to 34 parents or caregivers of children with ASD to determine the internal consistency reliability. Content validity index, face validity index and Cronbach's alpha were calculated. Results: The Malay version of RBS-R showed the scale-level content validity with an average index (S-CVI/Ave) of 0.97 and a universal agreement index (S-CVI/UA) of 0.84. Meanwhile, scale-level face validity with an average index (S-FVI/Ave) of 0.97 and a universal agreement index (S-FVI/UA) of 0.90 were derived, indicating that the Malay version of RBS-R questionnaire was relevant, clear and comprehensible. All subdomains showed the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of over 0.7, ranging from 0.758 to 0.914 indicating it was a reliable tool. Conclusion: This study showed good level of content validity index, face validity index and internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire. These study findings indicated the practicality of the Malay version of RBS-R to assess RRB in children with ASD. Further research on construct validity is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy in childhood immunisation is one health issue in which prediction can become important. The objective of this study is to develop a robust tool to enable predicting vaccine hesitancy among Malaysian parents. Methods: Two established questionnaires from the Parents Attitude about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) and WHO SAGE Working Group (SWGVH), were adapted and combined into a total of 26 questions. The questions are classified into 3 components namely behavioural (BE), self-efficacy (SE) and general attitude (GA). The questionnaire was reviewed by 3 expert panels. The questions were subjected to forward and backward translation (English to Malay and vice-versa) and harmonised. A pilot study involving 130 university staff members (mothers and fathers) with children under 15 years were conducted. The data was analysed for reliability using Cronbach alpha and the components were determined by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Results: The Content Validity Index (CVI) of the questionnaire was calculated, yielding a value was 0.99 while the Scale-Level Content Validity Index Universal Agreement was 0.92. Of 130 respondents, 6 questions were excluded due to missing data. After EFA was conducted, 6 components were extracted. However, the components were reduced to 3 after overlapping and negatively correlated items were deleted. The final questionnaire contains 9 items and Cronbach alpha of the questionnaire is 0.83 Conclusion: The final questionnaire is found to be reliable and valid. It will be applied in the next phase of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly occur following exposure to traumatic events. Since its formal introduction into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd Edition (DSM-III) in 1980, it has seen a few changes to its criteria. Currently in DSM-5, major changes was made and tools such as the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) were developed to reflect those changes. Tools to screen and diagnose PTSD is invaluable to properly manage the condition, but to date no measure, in keeping with the DSM-5, has been produced for the Malaysian population. The objective was to translate the PCL-5 into Malay and validate it for use in the Malaysian population. Methods: The PCL-5 was translated according to guidelines. A convenient sample of subject were recruited from those attending the Orthopaedic Ward and Outpatient Departments due to injuries from motor vehicle accidents (MVA). Subjects completed the Malay PCL-5 (MPCL-5) on the day of recruitment and were then interviewed using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). Two weeks later they were followed-up to again complete the MPCL-5. Results: 204 subjects participated in the study. The MPCL-5 was found to have good face, content and construct validity. It also demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = .89) and inter-rater reliability (r = .81). Conclusion: The MPCL-5 is a valid and reliable measure for PTSD to be used in the Malaysian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly occur following exposure to traumatic events. Since its formal introduction into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd Edition (DSM-III) in 1980, it has seen a few changes to its criteria. Currently in DSM-5, major changes was made and tools such as the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) were developed to reflect those changes. Tools to screen and diagnose PTSD is invaluable to properly manage the condition, but to date no measure, in keeping with the DSM-5, has been produced for the Malaysian population. The objective was to translate the PCL-5 into Malay and validate it for use in the Malaysian population. Methods: The PCL-5 was translated according to guidelines. A convenient sample of subject were recruited from those attending the Orthopaedic Ward and Outpatient Departments due to injuries from motor vehicle accidents (MVA). Subjects completed the Malay PCL-5 (MPCL-5) on the day of recruitment and were then interviewed using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). Two weeks later they were followed-up to again complete the MPCL-5. Results: 204 subjects participated in the study. The MPCL-5 was found to have good face, content and construct validity. It also demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = .89) and inter-rater reliability (r = .81). Conclusion: The MPCL-5 is a valid and reliable measure for PTSD to be used in the Malaysian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]